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Re: [avr-gcc-list] Advice on R_AVR_13_PCREL errors linking forTiny85_and

From: Bill Roy
Subject: Re: [avr-gcc-list] Advice on R_AVR_13_PCREL errors linking forTiny85_and_ Mega168?!
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:37:05 -0700 
Hi, Eric:
Thanks for your kind followup. Here's the state of play as the sun sets in Denver.
Still puzzled here. I have a pixie-dust way to make the link work, but it feels unclean. (I haven't tested the binary yet.)
What doesn't work (yet) is letting the linker figure everything out, as it ought to... I get some number of PCREL errors based on the order of modules, all of them about addresses that seem to be in range according to the map: 


firmware bill$ make clean hex
rm -f main.hex main.lst main.obj main.cof main.list main.map main.eep.hex main.elf *.o usbdrv/*.o main.s usbdrv/oddebug.s usbdrv/ usbdrv.s *.lst avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c usbdrv/usbdrv.c -o usbdrv/usbdrv.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c usbdrv/usbdrvasm.S -o usbdrv/usbdrvasm.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c main.c -o main.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash.c -o bitlash.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-cmdline.c -o bitlash-cmdline.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-taskmgr.c -o bitlash-taskmgr.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-parser.c -o bitlash-parser.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-interpreter.c -o bitlash-interpreter.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c eeprom.c -o eeprom.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-arduino.c -o bitlash-arduino.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-functions.c -o bitlash-functions.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-serial.c -o bitlash-serial.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-eeprom.c -o bitlash-eeprom.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-error.c -o bitlash-error.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -o main.elf usbdrv/usbdrv.o usbdrv/usbdrvasm.o main.o bitlash.o bitlash-cmdline.o bitlash-taskmgr.o bitlash-parser.o bitlash- interpreter.o eeprom.o bitlash-arduino.o bitlash-functions.o bitlash- serial.o bitlash-eeprom.o bitlash-error.o -Wl,-Map=main.map,--cref - Wl,--relax -Wl,--gc-sections /usr/local/AVRMacPack-20081213/lib/gcc/avr/4.3.2/../../../../avr/lib/ avr25/crttn85.o: In function `__vector_default': (.vectors+0xa): relocation truncated to fit: R_AVR_13_PCREL against symbol `__vector_5' defined in .text section in bitlash-arduino.o /usr/local/AVRMacPack-20081213/lib/gcc/avr/4.3.2/../../../../avr/lib/ avr25/crttn85.o:(.init9+0x2): relocation truncated to fit: R_AVR_13_PCREL against symbol `exit' defined in .fini9 section in /usr/ local/AVRMacPack-20081213/lib/gcc/avr/4.3.2/avr25/libgcc.a(_exit.o) 
bitlash.o: In function `doCommand':
bitlash.c:(.text+0x12): relocation truncated to fit: R_AVR_13_PCREL against symbol `setjmp' defined in .text section in /usr/local/ AVRMacPack-20081213/lib/gcc/avr/4.3.2/../../../../avr/lib/avr25/ libc.a(setjmp.o) 
bitlash.o: In function `initBitlash':
bitlash.c:(.text+0x4e): relocation truncated to fit: R_AVR_13_PCREL against symbol `strncpy_P' defined in .text section in /usr/local/ AVRMacPack-20081213/lib/gcc/avr/4.3.2/../../../../avr/lib/avr25/ libc.a(strncpy_P.o) bitlash.c:(.text+0x68): relocation truncated to fit: R_AVR_13_PCREL against symbol `strncpy_P' defined in .text section in /usr/local/ AVRMacPack-20081213/lib/gcc/avr/4.3.2/../../../../avr/lib/avr25/ libc.a(strncpy_P.o) 
make: *** [main.elf] Error 1
Take the first complaint above as an example. Here is what the map says about where the linker put __vector_5: 
 .text          0x00001692      0x186 bitlash-arduino.o
                0x000016b4                digitalRead
                0x000016ca                digitalWrite
                0x00001692                pinMode
                0x000016ec                __vector_5
                0x000017c2                delay
                0x000017a6                millis
                0x00001816                delayMicroseconds
It looks to me like __vector_5 at 16ec is within 13-bit PC relative jump range from 0x000a... or am I mistaken? 

In fact, since the linker puts _exit at 1b56:
.fini9 0x00001b56 0x0 /usr/local/AVRMacPack-20081213/ lib/gcc/avr/4.3.2/avr25/libgcc.a(_exit.o) 
                0x00001b56                exit
                0x00001b56                _exit
I am puzzled why it could be unhappy about any relative jumps. Shouldn't they all fit?
Anyway, a tiny application of "-lc -lm pixie dust" placates the linker, for reasons which I do not understand and therefore make me suspicious: 

firmware bill$ make clean hex
rm -f main.hex main.lst main.obj main.cof main.list main.map main.eep.hex main.elf *.o usbdrv/*.o main.s usbdrv/oddebug.s usbdrv/ usbdrv.s *.lst avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c usbdrv/usbdrv.c -o usbdrv/usbdrv.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c usbdrv/usbdrvasm.S -o usbdrv/usbdrvasm.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c main.c -o main.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash.c -o bitlash.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-cmdline.c -o bitlash-cmdline.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-taskmgr.c -o bitlash-taskmgr.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-parser.c -o bitlash-parser.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-interpreter.c -o bitlash-interpreter.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c eeprom.c -o eeprom.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-arduino.c -o bitlash-arduino.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-functions.c -o bitlash-functions.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-serial.c -o bitlash-serial.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-eeprom.c -o bitlash-eeprom.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -c bitlash-error.c -o bitlash-error.o avr-gcc -Wall -Os -DF_CPU=16500000 -Iusbdrv -I. -DDEBUG_LEVEL=0 - mmcu=attiny85 -o main.elf usbdrv/usbdrv.o usbdrv/usbdrvasm.o main.o \ 
        bitlash-arduino.o \
        bitlash.o -lc -lm \                             <--- pixie dust
        bitlash-error.o -lc -lm \                       <--- pixie dust
        bitlash-cmdline.o \
        bitlash-taskmgr.o \
        bitlash-parser.o \
        bitlash-interpreter.o \
        eeprom.o \
        bitlash-functions.o \
        bitlash-serial.o \
        bitlash-eeprom.o \
 -Wl,-Map=main.map,--cref -Wl,--relax  -Wl,--gc-sections
rm -f main.hex main.eep.hex
avr-objcopy -j .text -j .data -O ihex main.elf main.hex
avr-size main.hex
   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
      0    7026       0    7026    1b72 main.hex
avr-objdump -S main.elf > main.lss
Apparent success. I will briefly enjoy the sensation of victory before flashing up a copy and releasing the magic smoke.
I don't feel comfortable about this pixie-dust fix and I don't expect it to be stable. One does not normally expect the linker to need guidance on module ordering else fail like this. 

Thoughts on this fact pattern would be most welcome.

Cheers,

-br






On Jan 29, 2009, at 4:08 PM, Weddington, Eric wrote:





-----Original Message-----
From:
address@hidden
[mailto:address@hidden
org] On Behalf Of Bill Roy
Sent: Sunday, January 25, 2009 2:09 PM
To: address@hidden
Subject: Re: [avr-gcc-list] Advice on R_AVR_13_PCREL errors
linking forTiny85_and_ Mega168?!


I have received advice to make the total code size smaller and keep
trying, which I shall do.



Were you able to make the code smaller?


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