[Top][All Lists]
[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
[Emacs-diffs] /srv/bzr/emacs/trunk r106446: Spelling fixes.
|
From: |
Paul Eggert |
|
Subject: |
[Emacs-diffs] /srv/bzr/emacs/trunk r106446: Spelling fixes. |
|
Date: |
Sat, 19 Nov 2011 23:30:16 -0800 |
|
User-agent: |
Bazaar (2.3.1) |
------------------------------------------------------------
revno: 106446
committer: Paul Eggert <address@hidden>
branch nick: trunk
timestamp: Sat 2011-11-19 23:30:16 -0800
message:
Spelling fixes.
modified:
admin/grammars/c.by
doc/lispintro/emacs-lisp-intro.texi
doc/lispref/spellfile
doc/misc/calc.texi
doc/misc/cc-mode.texi
doc/misc/faq.texi
doc/misc/gnus.texi
etc/NEWS.1-17
etc/NEWS.18
etc/NEWS.19
etc/THE-GNU-PROJECT
leim/quail/sgml-input.el
lisp/allout.el
lisp/cedet/ede/generic.el
lisp/cedet/ede/pconf.el
lisp/cedet/ede/project-am.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/bovine/c.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/complete.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/db-javascript.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/fw.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el
lisp/cedet/semantic/tag.el
lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el
lisp/comint.el
lisp/dframe.el
lisp/emacs-lisp/avl-tree.el
lisp/emacs-lisp/elint.el
lisp/emulation/viper-init.el
lisp/erc/ChangeLog.01
lisp/ezimage.el
lisp/faces.el
lisp/follow.el
lisp/font-lock.el
lisp/gnus/gnus-group.el
lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el
lisp/gnus/message.el
lisp/gnus/nntp.el
lisp/gnus/smime.el
lisp/image-dired.el
lisp/info-xref.el
lisp/international/titdic-cnv.el
lisp/language/thai-util.el
lisp/loadhist.el
lisp/mail/feedmail.el
lisp/mpc.el
lisp/net/tramp-cmds.el
lisp/net/tramp-gw.el
lisp/net/tramp-sh.el
lisp/notifications.el
lisp/org/org-capture.el
lisp/org/org-list.el
lisp/org/org-table.el
lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el
lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el
lisp/ps-print.el
lisp/startup.el
lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el
lisp/thumbs.el
lisp/vc/ediff-mult.el
lisp/vc/vc-dispatcher.el
lisp/vc/vc.el
lwlib/xlwmenu.c
src/ChangeLog.11
src/ccl.c
src/fontset.c
src/gtkutil.c
src/sound.c
src/sysdep.c
src/xfns.c
=== modified file 'admin/grammars/c.by'
--- a/admin/grammars/c.by 2011-11-16 12:34:47 +0000
+++ b/admin/grammars/c.by 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
%put DELETE summary "delete <object>;"
;; Despite this, this parser can find templates by ignoring the TEMPLATE
-;; keyword, and finding the class/method being templateized.
+;; keyword, and finding the class/method being templatized.
%token TEMPLATE "template"
%put TEMPLATE summary "template <class TYPE ...> TYPE_OR_FUNCTION"
=== modified file 'doc/lispintro/emacs-lisp-intro.texi'
--- a/doc/lispintro/emacs-lisp-intro.texi 2011-11-16 17:47:25 +0000
+++ b/doc/lispintro/emacs-lisp-intro.texi 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@
to a country not yet visited: interesting, but not the same as being
there.
-Much of this introduction is dedicated to walk-throughs or guided tours
+Much of this introduction is dedicated to walkthroughs or guided tours
of code used in GNU Emacs. These tours are designed for two purposes:
first, to give you familiarity with real, working code (code you use
every day); and, second, to give you familiarity with the way Emacs
=== modified file 'doc/lispref/spellfile'
--- a/doc/lispref/spellfile 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/doc/lispref/spellfile 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@
symbolp
symlink
syms
-syntatic
+syntactic
tabname
temacs
temporarily'
=== modified file 'doc/misc/calc.texi'
--- a/doc/misc/calc.texi 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/doc/misc/calc.texi 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
This file documents Calc, the GNU Emacs calculator.
@end ifinfo
@ifnotinfo
-This file documents Calc, the GNU Emacs calculator, included with
+This file documents Calc, the GNU Emacs calculator, included with
GNU Emacs @value{EMACSVER}.
@end ifnotinfo
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
@c @cindex Marginal notes
Every Calc keyboard command is listed in the Calc Summary, and also
in the Key Index. Algebraic functions, @kbd{M-x} commands, and
-variables also have their own indices.
+variables also have their own indices.
@c @texline Each
@c @infoline In the printed manual, each
@c paragraph that is referenced in the Key or Function Index is marked
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@
command @kbd{C-x * t} will jump to the Tutorial and start Calc if
necessary. Pressing @kbd{h s} or @kbd{C-x * s} will take you directly
to the Calc Summary. Within Calc, you can also go to the part of the
-manual describing any Calc key, function, or variable using
+manual describing any Calc key, function, or variable using
@address@hidden k}}, @kbd{h f}, or @kbd{h v}, respectively. @xref{Help
Commands}.
@ifnottex
@@ -437,12 +437,12 @@
then the command to operate on the numbers.
@noindent
-Type @kbd{2 @key{RET} 3 + Q} to compute
+Type @kbd{2 @key{RET} 3 + Q} to compute
@texline @math{\sqrt{2+3} = 2.2360679775}.
@infoline the square root of 2+3, which is 2.2360679775.
@noindent
-Type @kbd{P 2 ^} to compute
+Type @kbd{P 2 ^} to compute
@texline @math{\pi^2 = 9.86960440109}.
@infoline the value of `pi' squared, 9.86960440109.
@@ -461,14 +461,14 @@
use the apostrophe key.
@noindent
-Type @kbd{' sqrt(2+3) @key{RET}} to compute
+Type @kbd{' sqrt(2+3) @key{RET}} to compute
@texline @math{\sqrt{2+3}}.
@infoline the square root of 2+3.
@noindent
-Type @kbd{' pi^2 @key{RET}} to enter
+Type @kbd{' pi^2 @key{RET}} to enter
@texline @math{\pi^2}.
address@hidden `pi' squared.
address@hidden `pi' squared.
To evaluate this symbolic formula as a number, type @kbd{=}.
@noindent
@@ -526,10 +526,10 @@
the lower-right @samp{8} and press @kbd{C-x * r}.
@noindent
-Type @kbd{v t} to transpose this
+Type @kbd{v t} to transpose this
@texline @math{3\times2}
address@hidden 3x2
-matrix into a
address@hidden 3x2
+matrix into a
@texline @math{2\times3}
@infoline 2x3
matrix. Type @address@hidden u}} to unpack the rows into two separate
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@
@noindent
On most systems, you can type @kbd{C-x *} to start the Calculator.
-The key sequence @kbd{C-x *} is bound to the command @code{calc-dispatch},
+The key sequence @kbd{C-x *} is bound to the command @code{calc-dispatch},
which can be rebound if convenient (@pxref{Customizing Calc}).
When you press @kbd{C-x *}, Emacs waits for you to press a second key to
@@ -1154,9 +1154,9 @@
@noindent
Calc was originally started as a two-week project to occupy a lull
in the author's schedule. Basically, a friend asked if I remembered
-the value of
+the value of
@texline @math{2^{32}}.
address@hidden @expr{2^32}.
address@hidden @expr{2^32}.
I didn't offhand, but I said, ``that's easy, just call up an
@code{xcalc}.'' @code{Xcalc} duly reported that the answer to our
question was @samp{4.294967e+09}---with no way to see the full ten
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@
Many people have contributed to Calc by reporting bugs and suggesting
features, large and small. A few deserve special mention: Tim Peters,
who helped develop the ideas that led to the selection commands, rewrite
-rules, and many other algebra features;
+rules, and many other algebra features;
@texline Fran\c{c}ois
@infoline Francois
Pinard, who contributed an early prototype of the Calc Summary appendix
@@ -1226,7 +1226,7 @@
Sarlin, who first worked out how to split Calc into quickly-loading
parts; Bob Weiner, who helped immensely with the Lucid Emacs port; and
Robert J. Chassell, who suggested the Calc Tutorial and exercises as
-well as many other things.
+well as many other things.
@cindex Bibliography
@cindex Knuth, Art of Computer Programming
@@ -1472,9 +1472,9 @@
multiplication.) Figure it out by hand, then try it with Calc to see
if you're right. @xref{RPN Answer 1, 1}. (@bullet{})
-(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 2.} Compute
+(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 2.} Compute
@texline @math{(2\times4) + (7\times9.4) + {5\over4}}
address@hidden @expr{2*4 + 7*9.5 + 5/4}
address@hidden @expr{2*4 + 7*9.5 + 5/4}
using the stack. @xref{RPN Answer 2, 2}. (@bullet{})
The @key{DEL} key is called Backspace on some keyboards. It is
@@ -1889,7 +1889,7 @@
accomplish this in Calc by performing your calculation as a series
of algebraic entries, using the @kbd{$} sign to tie them together.
In an algebraic formula, @kbd{$} represents the number on the top
-of the stack. Here, we perform the calculation
+of the stack. Here, we perform the calculation
@texline @math{\sqrt{2\times4+1}},
@infoline @expr{sqrt(2*4+1)},
which on a traditional calculator would be done by pressing
@@ -2149,7 +2149,7 @@
to cancel it. (In fact, you can press @kbd{C-g} to cancel almost
anything in Emacs.) To get help on a prefix key, press that key
followed by @kbd{?}. Some prefixes have several lines of help,
-so you need to press @kbd{?} repeatedly to see them all.
+so you need to press @kbd{?} repeatedly to see them all.
You can also type @kbd{h h} to see all the help at once.
Try pressing @kbd{t ?} now. You will see a line of the form,
@@ -2550,13 +2550,13 @@
@noindent
The address@hidden command computes the sine of an angle. The sine
-of 45 degrees is
+of 45 degrees is
@texline @math{\sqrt{2}/2};
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(2)/2};
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(2)/2};
squaring this yields @expr{2/4 = 0.5}. However, there has been a slight
-roundoff error because the representation of
+roundoff error because the representation of
@texline @math{\sqrt{2}/2}
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(2)/2}
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(2)/2}
wasn't exact. The @kbd{c 1} command is a handy way to clean up numbers
in this case; it temporarily reduces the precision by one digit while it
re-rounds the number on the top of the stack.
@@ -2595,9 +2595,9 @@
@end smallexample
@noindent
-Here we compute the Inverse Sine of
+Here we compute the Inverse Sine of
@texline @math{\sqrt{0.5}},
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(0.5)},
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(0.5)},
first in radians, then in degrees.
Use @kbd{c d} and @kbd{c r} to convert a number from radians to degrees
@@ -2783,9 +2783,9 @@
@kbd{H} (hyperbolic) prefix keys.
Let's compute the sine and cosine of an angle, and verify the
-identity
+identity
@texline @math{\sin^2x + \cos^2x = 1}.
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)^2 + cos(x)^2 = 1}.
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)^2 + cos(x)^2 = 1}.
We'll arbitrarily pick @mathit{-64} degrees as a good value for @expr{x}.
With the angular mode set to degrees (type @address@hidden d}}), do:
@@ -2806,7 +2806,7 @@
Remember, @kbd{f h} is the @code{calc-hypot}, or square-root of sum
of squares, command.
-Another identity is
+Another identity is
@texline @math{\displaystyle\tan x = {\sin x \over \cos x}}.
@infoline @expr{tan(x) = sin(x) / cos(x)}.
@smallexample
@@ -2871,7 +2871,7 @@
A similar identity is supposed to hold for hyperbolic sines and cosines,
except that it is the @emph{difference}
@texline @math{\cosh^2x - \sinh^2x}
address@hidden @expr{cosh(x)^2 - sinh(x)^2}
address@hidden @expr{cosh(x)^2 - sinh(x)^2}
that always equals one. Let's try to verify this identity.
@smallexample
@@ -2993,7 +2993,7 @@
@end smallexample
@noindent
-Here we verify the identity
+Here we verify the identity
@texline @math{n! = \Gamma(n+1)}.
@infoline @address@hidden@: = gamma(@var{n}+1)}.
@@ -3283,11 +3283,11 @@
vector.
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 1.} Use @samp{*} to sum along the rows
-of the above
+of the above
@texline @math{2\times3}
address@hidden 2x3
address@hidden 2x3
matrix to get @expr{[6, 15]}. Now use @samp{*} to sum along the columns
-to get @expr{[5, 7, 9]}.
+to get @expr{[5, 7, 9]}.
@xref{Matrix Answer 1, 1}. (@bullet{})
@cindex Identity matrix
@@ -3432,7 +3432,7 @@
assume the vector was a row vector in order to make the dimensions
come out right, and the answer would be incorrect. If you
don't feel safe letting Calc take either interpretation of your
-vectors, use explicit
+vectors, use explicit
@texline @math{N\times1}
@infoline Nx1
or
@@ -3482,9 +3482,9 @@
@tex
$A^T A \, X = A^T B$, where $A^T$ is the transpose \samp{trn(A)}.
@end tex
-Now
+Now
@texline @math{A^T A}
address@hidden @expr{trn(A)*A}
address@hidden @expr{trn(A)*A}
is a square matrix so a solution is possible. It turns out that the
@expr{X} vector you compute in this way will be a ``least-squares''
solution, which can be regarded as the ``closest'' solution to the set
@@ -3577,9 +3577,9 @@
of each element.
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 1.} Compute a vector of powers of two
-from
+from
@texline @math{2^{-4}}
address@hidden @expr{2^-4}
address@hidden @expr{2^-4}
to @expr{2^4}. @xref{List Answer 1, 1}. (@bullet{})
You can also @dfn{reduce} a binary operator across a vector.
@@ -3780,9 +3780,9 @@
@end tex
@noindent
-where
+where
@texline @math{\sum x}
address@hidden @expr{sum(x)}
address@hidden @expr{sum(x)}
represents the sum of all the values of @expr{x}. While there is an
actual @code{sum} function in Calc, it's easier to sum a vector using a
simple reduction. First, let's compute the four different sums that
@@ -3883,9 +3883,9 @@
@end group
@end smallexample
-Let's ``plot'' this straight line approximation,
+Let's ``plot'' this straight line approximation,
@texline @math{y \approx m x + b},
address@hidden @expr{m x + b},
address@hidden @expr{m x + b},
and compare it with the original data.
@smallexample
@@ -3959,7 +3959,7 @@
(If you are reading this tutorial on-line while running Calc, typing
@kbd{g a} may cause the tutorial to disappear from its window and be
replaced by a buffer named @samp{*Gnuplot Commands*}. The tutorial
-will reappear when you terminate GNUPLOT by typing @kbd{g q}.)
+will reappear when you terminate GNUPLOT by typing @kbd{g q}.)
@end ifinfo
@smallexample
@@ -4138,7 +4138,7 @@
@c [fix-ref Numerical Solutions]
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 8.} Compute a list of values of Bessel's
@texline @math{J_1(x)}
address@hidden @expr{J1}
address@hidden @expr{J1}
function @samp{besJ(1,x)} for @expr{x} from 0 to 5 in steps of 0.25.
Find the value of @expr{x} (from among the above set of values) for
which @samp{besJ(1,x)} is a maximum. Use an ``automatic'' method,
@@ -4150,7 +4150,7 @@
@cindex Digits, vectors of
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 9.} You are given an integer in the range
@texline @math{0 \le N < 10^m}
address@hidden @expr{0 <= N < 10^m}
address@hidden @expr{0 <= N < 10^m}
for @expr{m=12} (i.e., an integer of less than
twelve digits). Convert this integer into a vector of @expr{m}
digits, each in the range from 0 to 9. In vector-of-digits notation,
@@ -4164,12 +4164,12 @@
happened? How would you do this test? @xref{List Answer 10, 10}. (@bullet{})
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 11.} The area of a circle of radius one
-is @cpi{}. The area of the
+is @cpi{}. The area of the
@texline @math{2\times2}
@infoline 2x2
square that encloses that circle is 4. So if we throw @var{n} darts at
random points in the square, about @cpiover{4} of them will land inside
-the circle. This gives us an entertaining way to estimate the value of
+the circle. This gives us an entertaining way to estimate the value of
@cpi{}. The @address@hidden r}}
command picks a random number between zero and the value on the stack.
We could get a random floating-point number between @mathit{-1} and 1 by typing
@@ -4183,12 +4183,12 @@
another way to calculate @cpi{}. Say you have an infinite field
of vertical lines with a spacing of one inch. Toss a one-inch matchstick
onto the field. The probability that the matchstick will land crossing
-a line turns out to be
+a line turns out to be
@texline @math{2/\pi}.
address@hidden @expr{2/pi}.
address@hidden @expr{2/pi}.
Toss 100 matchsticks to estimate @cpi{}. (If you want still more fun,
the probability that the GCD (@address@hidden g}}) of two large integers is
-one turns out to be
+one turns out to be
@texline @math{6/\pi^2}.
@infoline @expr{6/pi^2}.
That provides yet another way to estimate @cpi{}.)
@@ -4488,7 +4488,7 @@
@cindex Torus, volume of
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 7.} The volume of a torus (a donut shape) is
@texline @math{2 \pi^2 R r^2}
address@hidden @address@hidden pi^2 R r^2}}
address@hidden @address@hidden pi^2 R r^2}}
where @expr{R} is the radius of the circle that
defines the center of the tube and @expr{r} is the radius of the tube
itself. Suppose @expr{R} is 20 cm and @expr{r} is 4 cm, each known to
@@ -4569,7 +4569,7 @@
new number which, when multiplied by 5 modulo 24, produces the original
number, 21. If @var{m} is prime and the divisor is not a multiple of
@var{m}, it is always possible to find such a number. For non-prime
address@hidden like 24, it is only sometimes possible.
address@hidden like 24, it is only sometimes possible.
@smallexample
@group
@@ -4587,7 +4587,7 @@
@cindex Fermat, primality test of
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 10.} A theorem of Pierre de Fermat
-says that
+says that
@texline @address@hidden \bmod n = 1}}
@infoline @expr{x^(n-1) mod n = 1}
if @expr{n} is a prime number and @expr{x} is an integer less than
@@ -4615,9 +4615,9 @@
This calculation tells me it is six hours and 22 minutes until midnight.
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 11.} A rule of thumb is that one year
-is about
+is about
@texline @math{\pi \times 10^7}
address@hidden @address@hidden * 10^7}}
address@hidden @address@hidden * 10^7}}
seconds. What time will it be that many seconds from right now?
@xref{Types Answer 11, 11}. (@bullet{})
@@ -5093,18 +5093,18 @@
@end smallexample
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 3.} Find the integral from 1 to @expr{y}
-of
+of
@texline @math{x \sin \pi x}
address@hidden @address@hidden sin(pi x)}}
address@hidden @address@hidden sin(pi x)}}
(where the sine is calculated in radians). Find the values of the
integral for integers @expr{y} from 1 to 5. @xref{Algebra Answer 3,
3}. (@bullet{})
Calc's integrator can do many simple integrals symbolically, but many
others are beyond its capabilities. Suppose we wish to find the area
-under the curve
+under the curve
@texline @math{\sin x \ln x}
address@hidden @expr{sin(x) ln(x)}
address@hidden @expr{sin(x) ln(x)}
over the same range of @expr{x}. If you entered this formula and typed
@kbd{a i x @key{RET}} (don't bother to try this), Calc would work for a
long time but would be unable to find a solution. In fact, there is no
@@ -5242,10 +5242,10 @@
\afterdisplay
@end tex
-Compute the integral from 1 to 2 of
+Compute the integral from 1 to 2 of
@texline @math{\sin x \ln x}
address@hidden @expr{sin(x) ln(x)}
-using Simpson's rule with 10 slices.
address@hidden @expr{sin(x) ln(x)}
+using Simpson's rule with 10 slices.
@xref{Algebra Answer 4, 4}. (@bullet{})
Calc has a built-in @kbd{a I} command for doing numerical integration.
@@ -5396,7 +5396,7 @@
To edit a variable, type @kbd{s e} and the variable name, use regular
Emacs editing commands as necessary, then type @kbd{C-c C-c} to store
-the edited value back into the variable.
+the edited value back into the variable.
You can also use @address@hidden e}} to create a new variable if you wish.
Notice that the first time you use each rule, Calc puts up a ``compiling''
@@ -5780,7 +5780,7 @@
@tindex Si
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 1.} The ``sine integral'' function
@texline @math{{\rm Si}(x)}
address@hidden @expr{Si(x)}
address@hidden @expr{Si(x)}
is defined as the integral of @samp{sin(t)/t} for
@expr{t = 0} to @expr{x} in radians. (It was invented because this
integral has no solution in terms of basic functions; if you give it
@@ -5857,9 +5857,9 @@
@enumerate
@item
-Compute
+Compute
@texline @math{\displaystyle{\sin x \over x}},
address@hidden @expr{sin(x) / x},
address@hidden @expr{sin(x) / x},
where @expr{x} is the number on the top of the stack.
@item
@@ -5923,15 +5923,15 @@
@cindex Golden ratio
@cindex Phi, golden ratio
A fascinating property of the Fibonacci numbers is that the @expr{n}th
-Fibonacci number can be found directly by computing
+Fibonacci number can be found directly by computing
@texline @math{\phi^n / \sqrt{5}}
@infoline @expr{phi^n / sqrt(5)}
-and then rounding to the nearest integer, where
+and then rounding to the nearest integer, where
@texline @math{\phi} (``phi''),
address@hidden @expr{phi},
-the ``golden ratio,'' is
address@hidden @expr{phi},
+the ``golden ratio,'' is
@texline @math{(1 + \sqrt{5}) / 2}.
address@hidden @expr{(1 + sqrt(5)) / 2}.
address@hidden @expr{(1 + sqrt(5)) / 2}.
(For convenience, this constant is available from the @code{phi}
variable, or the @kbd{I H P} command.)
@@ -5946,19 +5946,19 @@
@cindex Continued fractions
(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 5.} The @dfn{continued fraction}
-representation of
+representation of
@texline @math{\phi}
address@hidden @expr{phi}
-is
address@hidden @expr{phi}
+is
@texline @math{1 + 1/(1 + 1/(1 + 1/( \ldots )))}.
@infoline @expr{1 + 1/(1 + 1/(1 + 1/( ...@: )))}.
We can compute an approximate value by carrying this however far
-and then replacing the innermost
+and then replacing the innermost
@texline @math{1/( \ldots )}
address@hidden @expr{1/( ...@: )}
address@hidden @expr{1/( ...@: )}
by 1. Approximate
@texline @math{\phi}
address@hidden @expr{phi}
address@hidden @expr{phi}
using a twenty-term continued fraction.
@xref{Programming Answer 5, 5}. (@bullet{})
@@ -6056,9 +6056,9 @@
The @dfn{Bernoulli numbers} are a sequence with the interesting
property that all of the odd Bernoulli numbers are zero, and the
even ones, while difficult to compute, can be roughly approximated
-by the formula
+by the formula
@texline @math{\displaystyle{2 n! \over (2 \pi)^n}}.
address@hidden @expr{2 n!@: / (2 pi)^n}.
address@hidden @expr{2 n!@: / (2 pi)^n}.
Let's write a keyboard macro to compute (approximate) Bernoulli numbers.
(Calc has a command, @kbd{k b}, to compute exact Bernoulli numbers, but
this command is very slow for large @expr{n} since the higher Bernoulli
@@ -6166,7 +6166,7 @@
0 ;; calc digits (Push a zero onto the stack)
st ;; calc-store-into (Store it in the following
variable)
1 ;; calc quick variable (Quick variable q1)
-1 ;; calc digits (Initial value for the loop)
+1 ;; calc digits (Initial value for the loop)
TAB ;; calc-roll-down (Swap initial and final)
Z( ;; calc-kbd-for (Begin the "for" loop)
& ;; calc-inv (Take the reciprocal)
@@ -6193,10 +6193,10 @@
The @file{edmacro} package defines a handy @code{read-kbd-macro} command
which reads the current region of the current buffer as a sequence of
-keystroke names, and defines that sequence on the @kbd{X}
+keystroke names, and defines that sequence on the @kbd{X}
(and @kbd{C-x e}) key. Because this is so useful, Calc puts this
command on the @kbd{C-x * m} key. Try reading in this macro in the
-following form: Press @kbd{C-@@} (or @address@hidden) at
+following form: Press @kbd{C-@@} (or @address@hidden) at
one end of the text below, then type @kbd{C-x * m} at the other.
@example
@@ -6230,12 +6230,12 @@
where @expr{f'(x)} is the derivative of @expr{f}. The @expr{x}
values will quickly converge to a solution, i.e., eventually
@texline @math{x_{\rm new}}
address@hidden @expr{new_x}
address@hidden @expr{new_x}
and @expr{x} will be equal to within the limits
of the current precision. Write a program which takes a formula
involving the variable @expr{x}, and an initial guess @expr{x_0},
on the stack, and produces a value of @expr{x} for which the formula
-is zero. Use it to find a solution of
+is zero. Use it to find a solution of
@texline @math{\sin(\cos x) = 0.5}
@infoline @expr{sin(cos(x)) = 0.5}
near @expr{x = 4.5}. (Use angles measured in radians.) Note that
@@ -6245,12 +6245,12 @@
@cindex Digamma function
@cindex Gamma constant, Euler's
@cindex Euler's gamma constant
-(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 9.} The @dfn{digamma} function
+(@bullet{}) @strong{Exercise 9.} The @dfn{digamma} function
@texline @math{\psi(z) (``psi'')}
@infoline @expr{psi(z)}
-is defined as the derivative of
+is defined as the derivative of
@texline @math{\ln \Gamma(z)}.
address@hidden @expr{ln(gamma(z))}.
address@hidden @expr{ln(gamma(z))}.
For large values of @expr{z}, it can be approximated by the infinite sum
@ifnottex
@@ -6267,9 +6267,9 @@
@end tex
@noindent
-where
+where
@texline @math{\sum}
address@hidden @expr{sum}
address@hidden @expr{sum}
represents the sum over @expr{n} from 1 to infinity
(or to some limit high enough to give the desired accuracy), and
the @code{bern} function produces (exact) Bernoulli numbers.
@@ -6277,27 +6277,27 @@
An interesting mathematical constant is Euler's gamma, which is equal
to about 0.5772. One way to compute it is by the formula,
@texline @math{\gamma = -\psi(1)}.
address@hidden @expr{gamma = -psi(1)}.
address@hidden @expr{gamma = -psi(1)}.
Unfortunately, 1 isn't a large enough argument
for the above formula to work (5 is a much safer value for @expr{z}).
-Fortunately, we can compute
+Fortunately, we can compute
@texline @math{\psi(1)}
address@hidden @expr{psi(1)}
-from
address@hidden @expr{psi(1)}
+from
@texline @math{\psi(5)}
address@hidden @expr{psi(5)}
-using the recurrence
address@hidden @expr{psi(5)}
+using the recurrence
@texline @math{\psi(z+1) = \psi(z) + {1 \over z}}.
address@hidden @expr{psi(z+1) = psi(z) + 1/z}.
-Your task: Develop a program to compute
address@hidden @expr{psi(z+1) = psi(z) + 1/z}.
+Your task: Develop a program to compute
@texline @math{\psi(z)};
address@hidden @expr{psi(z)};
address@hidden @expr{psi(z)};
it should ``pump up'' @expr{z}
if necessary to be greater than 5, then use the above summation
formula. Use looping commands to compute the sum. Use your function
-to compute
+to compute
@texline @math{\gamma}
address@hidden @expr{gamma}
address@hidden @expr{gamma}
to twelve decimal places. (Calc has a built-in command
for Euler's constant, @kbd{I P}, which you can use to check your answer.)
@xref{Programming Answer 9, 9}. (@bullet{})
@@ -6470,7 +6470,7 @@
@noindent
@kbd{1 @key{RET} 2 @key{RET} 3 @key{RET} 4 + * -}
-The result is
+The result is
@texline @math{1 - (2 \times (3 + 4)) = -13}.
@infoline @expr{1 - (2 * (3 + 4)) = -13}.
@@ -6481,9 +6481,9 @@
@texline @math{2\times4 + 7\times9.5 + {5\over4} = 75.75}
@infoline @expr{2*4 + 7*9.5 + 5/4 = 75.75}
-After computing the intermediate term
+After computing the intermediate term
@texline @math{2\times4 = 8},
address@hidden @expr{2*4 = 8},
address@hidden @expr{2*4 = 8},
you can leave that result on the stack while you compute the second
term. With both of these results waiting on the stack you can then
compute the final term, then press @kbd{+ +} to add everything up.
@@ -6790,7 +6790,7 @@
give a floating-point result that is inaccurate even when rounded
down to an integer. Consider @expr{123456789 / 2} when the current
precision is 6 digits. The true answer is @expr{61728394.5}, but
-with a precision of 6 this will be rounded to
+with a precision of 6 this will be rounded to
@texline @math{12345700.0/2.0 = 61728500.0}.
@infoline @expr{12345700.@: / 2.@: = 61728500.}.
The result, when converted to an integer, will be off by 106.
@@ -6900,18 +6900,18 @@
@subsection Matrix Tutorial Exercise 3
@noindent
-To solve
+To solve
@texline @math{A^T A \, X = A^T B},
address@hidden @expr{trn(A) * A * X = trn(A) * B},
address@hidden @expr{trn(A) * A * X = trn(A) * B},
first we compute
@texline @math{A' = A^T A}
address@hidden @expr{A2 = trn(A) * A}
-and
address@hidden @expr{A2 = trn(A) * A}
+and
@texline @math{B' = A^T B};
address@hidden @expr{B2 = trn(A) * B};
-now, we have a system
address@hidden @expr{B2 = trn(A) * B};
+now, we have a system
@texline @math{A' X = B'}
address@hidden @expr{A2 * X = B2}
address@hidden @expr{A2 * X = B2}
which we can solve using Calc's @samp{/} command.
@ifnottex
@@ -6942,7 +6942,7 @@
The first step is to enter the coefficient matrix. We'll store it in
quick variable number 7 for later reference. Next, we compute the
@texline @math{B'}
address@hidden @expr{B2}
address@hidden @expr{B2}
vector.
@smallexample
@@ -6958,9 +6958,9 @@
@end smallexample
@noindent
-Now we compute the matrix
+Now we compute the matrix
@texline @math{A'}
address@hidden @expr{A2}
address@hidden @expr{A2}
and divide.
@smallexample
@@ -6979,16 +6979,16 @@
(The actual computed answer will be slightly inexact due to
round-off error.)
-Notice that the answers are similar to those for the
+Notice that the answers are similar to those for the
@texline @math{3\times3}
@infoline 3x3
-system solved in the text. That's because the fourth equation that was
+system solved in the text. That's because the fourth equation that was
added to the system is almost identical to the first one multiplied
by two. (If it were identical, we would have gotten the exact same
-answer since the
+answer since the
@texline @math{4\times3}
@infoline 4x3
-system would be equivalent to the original
+system would be equivalent to the original
@texline @math{3\times3}
@infoline 3x3
system.)
@@ -7064,7 +7064,7 @@
\afterdisplay
@end tex
-Thus we want a
+Thus we want a
@texline @math{19\times2}
@infoline 19x2
matrix with our @expr{x} vector as one column and
@@ -7083,12 +7083,12 @@
@end smallexample
@noindent
-Now we compute
+Now we compute
@texline @math{A^T y}
address@hidden @expr{trn(A) * y}
-and
address@hidden @expr{trn(A) * y}
+and
@texline @math{A^T A}
address@hidden @expr{trn(A) * A}
address@hidden @expr{trn(A) * A}
and divide.
@smallexample
@@ -7114,9 +7114,9 @@
@end group
@end smallexample
-Since we were solving equations of the form
+Since we were solving equations of the form
@texline @math{m \times x + b \times 1 = y},
address@hidden @expr{m*x + b*1 = y},
address@hidden @expr{m*x + b*1 = y},
these numbers should be @expr{m} and @expr{b}, respectively. Sure
enough, they agree exactly with the result computed using @kbd{V M} and
@kbd{V R}!
@@ -7177,9 +7177,9 @@
@subsection List Tutorial Exercise 4
@noindent
-A number @expr{j} is a divisor of @expr{n} if
+A number @expr{j} is a divisor of @expr{n} if
@texline @math{n \mathbin{\hbox{\code{\%}}} j = 0}.
address@hidden @samp{n % j = 0}.
address@hidden @samp{n % j = 0}.
The first step is to get a vector that identifies the divisors.
@smallexample
@@ -7248,9 +7248,9 @@
zero, so adding zeros on the left and right is safe. From then on
the job is pretty straightforward.
-Incidentally, Calc provides the
+Incidentally, Calc provides the
@texline @dfn{M@"obius} @math{\mu}
address@hidden @dfn{Moebius mu}
address@hidden @dfn{Moebius mu}
function which is zero if and only if its argument is square-free. It
would be a much more convenient way to do the above test in practice.
@@ -7282,7 +7282,7 @@
The numbers down the lefthand edge of the list we desire are called
the ``triangular numbers'' (now you know why!). The @expr{n}th
triangular number is the sum of the integers from 1 to @expr{n}, and
-can be computed directly by the formula
+can be computed directly by the formula
@texline @math{n (n+1) \over 2}.
@infoline @expr{n * (n+1) / 2}.
@@ -7378,7 +7378,7 @@
@noindent
It's a good idea to verify, as in the last step above, that only
-one value is equal to the maximum. (After all, a plot of
+one value is equal to the maximum. (After all, a plot of
@texline @math{\sin x}
@infoline @expr{sin(x)}
might have many points all equal to the maximum value, 1.)
@@ -7650,12 +7650,12 @@
This problem can be made a lot easier by taking advantage of some
symmetries. First of all, after some thought it's clear that the
@expr{y} axis can be ignored altogether. Just pick a random @expr{x}
-component for one end of the match, pick a random direction
+component for one end of the match, pick a random direction
@texline @math{\theta},
@infoline @expr{theta},
-and see if @expr{x} and
+and see if @expr{x} and
@texline @math{x + \cos \theta}
address@hidden @expr{x + cos(theta)}
address@hidden @expr{x + cos(theta)}
(which is the @expr{x} coordinate of the other endpoint) cross a line.
The lines are at integer coordinates, so this happens when the two
numbers surround an integer.
@@ -7670,9 +7670,9 @@
coordinates 0 and 1 for the lines on either side of the leftmost
endpoint. The rightmost endpoint will be between 0 and 1 if the
match does not cross a line, or between 1 and 2 if it does. So:
-Pick random @expr{x} and
+Pick random @expr{x} and
@texline @math{\theta},
address@hidden @expr{theta},
address@hidden @expr{theta},
compute
@texline @math{x + \cos \theta},
@infoline @expr{x + cos(theta)},
@@ -8997,7 +8997,7 @@
algebraic entry, whichever way you prefer:
@noindent
-Computing
+Computing
@texline @math{\displaystyle{\sin x \over x}}:
@infoline @expr{sin(x) / x}:
@@ -9068,7 +9068,7 @@
@noindent
This program is quite efficient because Calc knows how to raise a
-matrix (or other value) to the power @expr{n} in only
+matrix (or other value) to the power @expr{n} in only
@texline @math{\log_2 n}
@infoline @expr{log(n,2)}
steps. For example, this program can compute the 1000th Fibonacci
@@ -9122,7 +9122,7 @@
@noindent
The first step is to compute the derivative @expr{f'(x)} and thus
-the formula
+the formula
@texline @math{\displaystyle{x - {f(x) \over f'(x)}}}.
@infoline @expr{x - f(x)/f'(x)}.
@@ -9239,12 +9239,12 @@
@noindent
The first step is to adjust @expr{z} to be greater than 5. A simple
``for'' loop will do the job here. If @expr{z} is less than 5, we
-reduce the problem using
+reduce the problem using
@texline @math{\psi(z) = \psi(z+1) - 1/z}.
@infoline @expr{psi(z) = psi(z+1) - 1/z}. We go
-on to compute
+on to compute
@texline @math{\psi(z+1)},
address@hidden @expr{psi(z+1)},
address@hidden @expr{psi(z+1)},
and remember to add back a factor of @expr{-1/z} when we're done. This
step is repeated until @expr{z > 5}.
@@ -9283,7 +9283,7 @@
@end group
@end smallexample
-Now we compute the initial part of the sum:
+Now we compute the initial part of the sum:
@texline @math{\ln z - {1 \over 2z}}
@infoline @expr{ln(z) - 1/2z}
minus the adjustment factor.
@@ -9326,9 +9326,9 @@
@end group
@end smallexample
-This is the value of
+This is the value of
@texline @math{-\gamma},
address@hidden @expr{- gamma},
address@hidden @expr{- gamma},
with a slight bit of roundoff error. To get a full 12 digits, let's use
a higher precision:
@@ -9361,9 +9361,9 @@
@noindent
Taking the derivative of a term of the form @expr{x^n} will produce
-a term like
+a term like
@texline @math{n x^{n-1}}.
address@hidden @expr{n x^(n-1)}.
address@hidden @expr{n x^(n-1)}.
Taking the derivative of a constant
produces zero. From this it is easy to see that the @expr{n}th
derivative of a polynomial, evaluated at @expr{x = 0}, will equal the
@@ -9652,7 +9652,7 @@
@mindex @null
@end ignore
In most installations, the @kbd{C-x * c} key sequence is a more
-convenient way to start the Calculator. Also, @kbd{C-x * *}
+convenient way to start the Calculator. Also, @kbd{C-x * *}
is a synonym for @kbd{C-x * c} unless you last used Calc
in its Keypad mode.
@@ -9908,9 +9908,9 @@
The @kbd{h f} (@code{calc-describe-function}) command looks up an
algebraic function or a command name in the Calc manual. Enter an
algebraic function name to look up that function in the Function
-Index or enter a command name beginning with @samp{calc-} to look it
+Index or enter a command name beginning with @samp{calc-} to look it
up in the Command Index. This command will also look up operator
-symbols that can appear in algebraic formulas, like @samp{%} and
+symbols that can appear in algebraic formulas, like @samp{%} and
@samp{=>}.
@kindex h v
@@ -10038,7 +10038,7 @@
@cindex Formulas, entering
The @kbd{'} (@code{calc-algebraic-entry}) command can be used to enter
calculations in algebraic form. This is accomplished by typing the
-apostrophe key, ', followed by the expression in standard format:
+apostrophe key, ', followed by the expression in standard format:
@example
' 2+3*4 @key{RET}.
@@ -10047,7 +10047,7 @@
@noindent
This will compute
@texline @math{2+(3\times4) = 14}
address@hidden @expr{2+(3*4) = 14}
address@hidden @expr{2+(3*4) = 14}
and push it on the stack. If you wish you can
ignore the RPN aspect of Calc altogether and simply enter algebraic
expressions in this way. You may want to use @key{DEL} every so often to
@@ -10453,9 +10453,9 @@
approximation. This value will not need to be recomputed ever again
unless you raise the precision still further. Many operations such as
logarithms and sines make use of similarly cached values such as
address@hidden and
address@hidden and
@texline @math{\ln 2}.
address@hidden @expr{ln(2)}.
address@hidden @expr{ln(2)}.
The visible effect of caching is that
high-precision computations may seem to do extra work the first time.
Other things cached include powers of two (for the binary arithmetic
@@ -10612,10 +10612,10 @@
A floating-point number or @dfn{float} is a number stored in scientific
notation. The number of significant digits in the fractional part is
governed by the current floating precision (@pxref{Precision}). The
-range of acceptable values is from
+range of acceptable values is from
@texline @math{10^{-3999999}}
address@hidden @expr{10^-3999999}
-(inclusive) to
address@hidden @expr{10^-3999999}
+(inclusive) to
@texline @math{10^{4000000}}
@infoline @expr{10^4000000}
(exclusive), plus the corresponding negative values and zero.
@@ -10690,18 +10690,18 @@
Rectangular complex numbers can also be displayed in @address@hidden@var{b}i}
notation; @pxref{Complex Formats}.
-Polar complex numbers are displayed in the form
+Polar complex numbers are displayed in the form
@texline address@hidden(address@hidden@tfn{;address@hidden@tfn{)}'
@infoline address@hidden(address@hidden@tfn{;address@hidden@tfn{)}'
-where @var{r} is the nonnegative magnitude and
address@hidden @math{\theta}
address@hidden @var{theta}
-is the argument or phase angle. The range of
address@hidden @math{\theta}
address@hidden @var{theta}
+where @var{r} is the nonnegative magnitude and
address@hidden @math{\theta}
address@hidden @var{theta}
+is the argument or phase angle. The range of
address@hidden @math{\theta}
address@hidden @var{theta}
depends on the current angular mode (@pxref{Angular Modes}); it is
generally between @mathit{-180} and @mathit{+180} degrees or the equivalent
range
-in radians.
+in radians.
Complex numbers are entered in stages using incomplete objects.
@xref{Incomplete Objects}.
@@ -10742,9 +10742,9 @@
larger, becomes arbitrarily close to zero. So you can imagine
that if @expr{x} got ``all the way to infinity,'' then @expr{1 / x}
would go all the way to zero. Similarly, when they say that
address@hidden(inf) = inf}, they mean that
address@hidden(inf) = inf}, they mean that
@texline @math{e^x}
address@hidden @expr{exp(x)}
address@hidden @expr{exp(x)}
grows without bound as @expr{x} grows. The symbol @samp{-inf} likewise
stands for an infinitely negative real value; for example, we say that
@samp{exp(-inf) = 0}. You can have an infinity pointing in any
@@ -10839,7 +10839,7 @@
@end ignore
@tindex vec
Algebraic functions for building vectors include @samp{vec(a, b, c)}
-to build @samp{[a, b, c]}, @samp{cvec(a, n, m)} to build an
+to build @samp{[a, b, c]}, @samp{cvec(a, n, m)} to build an
@texline @math{n\times m}
@infoline @address@hidden
matrix of @samp{a}s, and @samp{index(n)} to build a vector of integers
@@ -11184,9 +11184,9 @@
division is left in symbolic form. Other operations, such as square
roots, are not yet supported for modulo forms. (Note that, although
@address@hidden(address@hidden @tfn{mod} @address@hidden)^.5}'} will compute a
``modulo square root''
-in the sense of reducing
+in the sense of reducing
@texline @math{\sqrt a}
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(a)}
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(a)}
modulo @expr{M}, this is not a useful definition from the
number-theoretical point of view.)
@@ -11220,11 +11220,11 @@
@cindex Standard deviations
An @dfn{error form} is a number with an associated standard
deviation, as in @samp{2.3 +/- 0.12}. The notation
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @math{\sigma}'
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} sigma'
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @math{\sigma}'
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} sigma'
stands for an uncertain value which follows
a normal or Gaussian distribution of mean @expr{x} and standard
-deviation or ``error''
+deviation or ``error''
@texline @math{\sigma}.
@infoline @expr{sigma}.
Both the mean and the error can be either numbers or
@@ -11235,7 +11235,7 @@
All arithmetic and transcendental functions accept error forms as input.
Operations on the mean-value part work just like operations on regular
-numbers. The error part for any function @expr{f(x)} (such as
+numbers. The error part for any function @expr{f(x)} (such as
@texline @math{\sin x}
@infoline @expr{sin(x)})
is defined by the error of @expr{x} times the derivative of @expr{f}
@@ -11267,35 +11267,35 @@
of standard deviations. Actual errors often are neither Gaussian-distributed
nor uncorrelated, and the above formulas are valid only when errors
are small. As an example, the error arising from
address@hidden address@hidden(address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @address@hidden)}'
address@hidden address@hidden(address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @address@hidden)}'
-is
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{abs(cos(address@hidden@tfn{))}'.
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{abs(cos(address@hidden@tfn{))}'.
address@hidden address@hidden(address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @address@hidden)}'
address@hidden address@hidden(address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @address@hidden)}'
+is
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{abs(cos(address@hidden@tfn{))}'.
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{abs(cos(address@hidden@tfn{))}'.
When @expr{x} is close to zero,
@texline @math{\cos x}
address@hidden @expr{cos(x)}
-is close to one so the error in the sine is close to
address@hidden @expr{cos(x)}
+is close to one so the error in the sine is close to
@texline @math{\sigma};
@infoline @expr{sigma};
-this makes sense, since
+this makes sense, since
@texline @math{\sin x}
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)}
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)}
is approximately @expr{x} near zero, so a given error in @expr{x} will
produce about the same error in the sine. Likewise, near 90 degrees
@texline @math{\cos x}
address@hidden @expr{cos(x)}
address@hidden @expr{cos(x)}
is nearly zero and so the computed error is
small: The sine curve is nearly flat in that region, so an error in @expr{x}
-has relatively little effect on the value of
+has relatively little effect on the value of
@texline @math{\sin x}.
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)}.
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)}.
However, consider @samp{sin(90 +/- 1000)}. The cosine of 90 is zero, so
Calc will report zero error! We get an obviously wrong result because
we have violated the small-error approximation underlying the error
analysis. If the error in @expr{x} had been small, the error in
@texline @math{\sin x}
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)}
address@hidden @expr{sin(x)}
would indeed have been negligible.
@ignore
@@ -11402,14 +11402,14 @@
While it may seem that intervals and error forms are similar, they are
based on entirely different concepts of inexact quantities. An error
-form
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @math{\sigma}'
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @var{sigma}'
+form
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @math{\sigma}'
address@hidden address@hidden @tfn{+/-} @var{sigma}'
means a variable is random, and its value could
-be anything but is ``probably'' within one
address@hidden @math{\sigma}
address@hidden @var{sigma}
-of the mean value @expr{x}. An interval
+be anything but is ``probably'' within one
address@hidden @math{\sigma}
address@hidden @var{sigma}
+of the mean value @expr{x}. An interval
address@hidden@var{a} @tfn{..@:} @address@hidden' means a
variable's value is unknown, but guaranteed to lie in the specified
range. Error forms are statistical or ``average case'' approximations;
@@ -11641,7 +11641,7 @@
@samp{=>} address@hidden
Note that, unlike in usual computer notation, multiplication binds more
-strongly than division: @samp{a*b/c*d} is equivalent to
+strongly than division: @samp{a*b/c*d} is equivalent to
@texline @math{a b \over c d}.
@infoline @expr{(a*b)/(c*d)}.
@@ -11858,13 +11858,13 @@
stack and the point on the line containing @samp{30}, @kbd{C-x C-t}
creates @samp{10 20 40 30 50}. More generally, @kbd{C-x C-t} acts on
the stack objects determined by the current point (and mark) similar
-to how the text-mode command @code{transpose-lines} acts on
+to how the text-mode command @code{transpose-lines} acts on
lines. With argument @var{n}, @kbd{C-x C-t} will move the stack object
at the level above the current point and move it past N other objects;
for example, with @samp{10 20 30 40 50} on the stack and the point on
-the line containing @samp{30}, @kbd{C-u 2 C-x C-t} creates
+the line containing @samp{30}, @kbd{C-u 2 C-x C-t} creates
@samp{10 40 20 30 50}. With an argument of 0, @kbd{C-x C-t} will switch
-the stack objects at the levels determined by the point and the mark.
+the stack objects at the levels determined by the point and the mark.
@node Editing Stack Entries, Trail Commands, Stack Manipulation, Stack and
Trail
@section Editing Stack Entries
@@ -12056,7 +12056,7 @@
With the exception of keyboard macros, this works for all commands that
take arguments off the stack. (To avoid potentially unpleasant behavior,
a @kbd{K} prefix before a keyboard macro will be ignored. A @kbd{K}
-prefix called @emph{within} the keyboard macro will still take effect.)
+prefix called @emph{within} the keyboard macro will still take effect.)
As another example, @kbd{K a s} simplifies a formula, pushing the
simplified version of the formula onto the stack after the original
formula (rather than replacing the original formula). Note that you
@@ -12064,7 +12064,7 @@
formula and then simplifying the copy. One difference is that for a very
large formula the time taken to format the intermediate copy in
@address@hidden a s} could be noticeable; @kbd{K a s} would avoid this
-extra work.
+extra work.
Even stack manipulation commands are affected. @key{TAB} works by
popping two values and pushing them back in the opposite order,
@@ -12155,7 +12155,7 @@
If the file name you give is your user init file (typically
@file{~/.emacs}), @kbd{m F} will not automatically load the new file. This
is because your user init file may contain other things you don't want
-to reread. You can give
+to reread. You can give
a numeric prefix argument of 1 to @kbd{m F} to force it to read the
file no matter what. Conversely, an argument of @mathit{-1} tells
@kbd{m F} @emph{not} to read the new file. An argument of 2 or @mathit{-2}
@@ -12274,7 +12274,7 @@
@pindex calc-option
The @kbd{O} key (@code{calc-option}) sets another flag, the
@dfn{Option Flag}, which also can alter the subsequent Calc command in
-various ways.
+various ways.
The Inverse, Hyperbolic and Option flags apply only to the next
Calculator command, after which they are automatically cleared. (They
@@ -12366,7 +12366,7 @@
rather get an exact fractional answer. One way to accomplish this is
to use the @kbd{:} (@code{calc-fdiv}) address@hidden command, which
divides the two integers on the top of the stack to produce a fraction:
address@hidden @key{RET} 4 :} produces @expr{3:2} even though
address@hidden @key{RET} 4 :} produces @expr{3:2} even though
@kbd{6 @key{RET} 4 /} produces @expr{1.5}.
@kindex m f
@@ -13155,11 +13155,11 @@
command causes integers to be padded out with leading zeros according to the
current binary word size. (@xref{Binary Functions}, for a discussion of
word size.) If the absolute value of the word size is @expr{w}, all integers
-are displayed with at least enough digits to represent
+are displayed with at least enough digits to represent
@texline @math{2^w-1}
address@hidden @expr{(2^w)-1}
address@hidden @expr{(2^w)-1}
in the current radix. (Larger integers will still be displayed in their
-entirety.)
+entirety.)
@cindex Two's complements
Calc can display @expr{w}-bit integers using two's complement
@@ -13181,7 +13181,7 @@
are represented by themselves and the integers from
@texline @math{-2^{w-1}}
@infoline @expr{-2^(w-1)}
-to @expr{-1} are represented by the integers from
+to @expr{-1} are represented by the integers from
@texline @math{2^{w-1}}
@infoline @expr{2^(w-1)}
to @expr{2^w-1} (the integer @expr{k} is represented by @expr{k+2^w}).
@@ -13190,7 +13190,7 @@
representation (including any leading zeros necessary to include all
@expr{w} bits). In a two's complement display mode, numbers that
are not displayed in two's complement notation (i.e., that aren't
-integers from
+integers from
@texline @math{-2^{w-1}}
@infoline @expr{-2^(w-1)}
to
@@ -14095,13 +14095,13 @@
formulas (a reference to an existing entry on the stack).
Complex numbers are displayed as in @samp{3 + 4i}. Fractions and
-quotients are written using @code{\over} in @TeX{} mode (as in
+quotients are written using @code{\over} in @TeX{} mode (as in
@address@hidden \over address@hidden) and @code{\frac} in address@hidden mode
(as in
@address@hidden@address@hidden@}}); binomial coefficients are written with
@code{\choose} in @TeX{} mode (as in @address@hidden \choose address@hidden)
and
@code{\binom} in address@hidden mode (as in @address@hidden@address@hidden@}}).
Interval forms are written with @code{\ldots}, and error forms are
-written with @code{\pm}. Absolute values are written as in
+written with @code{\pm}. Absolute values are written as in
@samp{|x + 1|}, and the floor and ceiling functions are written with
@code{\lfloor}, @code{\rfloor}, etc. The words @code{\left} and
@code{\right} are ignored when reading formulas in @TeX{} and address@hidden
@@ -14114,10 +14114,10 @@
instead of parentheses for very simple arguments. During input, curly
braces and parentheses work equally well for grouping, but when the
document is formatted the curly braces will be invisible. Thus the
-printed result is
+printed result is
@texline @math{\sin{2 x}}
address@hidden @expr{sin 2x}
-but
address@hidden @expr{sin 2x}
+but
@texline @math{\sin(2 + x)}.
@infoline @expr{sin(2 + x)}.
@@ -14131,7 +14131,7 @@
@kbd{d L} with a positive numeric prefix argument, names of more than
one character will instead be enclosed in a protective commands that
will prevent them from being typeset in the math italics; they will be
-written @address@hidden@address@hidden in @TeX{} mode and
+written @address@hidden@address@hidden in @TeX{} mode and
@address@hidden@address@hidden in address@hidden mode. The
@address@hidden @}} and @address@hidden @}} notations are ignored during
reading. If you use a negative prefix argument, such function names are
@@ -14143,7 +14143,7 @@
During reading, text of the form @address@hidden ...@: @}} is replaced
by @samp{[ ...@: ]}. The same also applies to @code{\pmatrix} and
address@hidden In address@hidden mode this also applies to
address@hidden In address@hidden mode this also applies to
@address@hidden@} ... address@hidden@}},
@address@hidden@} ... address@hidden@}},
@address@hidden@} ... address@hidden@}}, as well as
@@ -14151,12 +14151,12 @@
The symbol @samp{&} is interpreted as a comma,
and the symbols @samp{\cr} and @samp{\\} are interpreted as semicolons.
During output, matrices are displayed in @address@hidden a & b \\ c &
address@hidden
-format in @TeX{} mode and in
+format in @TeX{} mode and in
@address@hidden@} a & b \\ c & d address@hidden@}} format in
address@hidden mode; you may need to edit this afterwards to change to your
preferred matrix form. If you invoke @kbd{d T} or @kbd{d L} with an
argument of 2 or -2, then matrices will be displayed in two-dimensional
-form, such as
+form, such as
@example
address@hidden@}
@@ -14300,25 +14300,25 @@
@example
Calc TeX LaTeX eqn
---- --- ----- ---
-acute \acute \acute
-Acute \Acute
+acute \acute \acute
+Acute \Acute
bar \bar \bar bar
Bar \Bar
-breve \breve \breve
-Breve \Breve
-check \check \check
-Check \Check
+breve \breve \breve
+Breve \Breve
+check \check \check
+Check \Check
dddot \dddot
ddddot \ddddot
dot \dot \dot dot
Dot \Dot
dotdot \ddot \ddot dotdot
-DotDot \Ddot
+DotDot \Ddot
dyad dyad
-grave \grave \grave
-Grave \Grave
+grave \grave \grave
+Grave \Grave
hat \hat \hat hat
-Hat \Hat
+Hat \Hat
Prime prime
tilde \tilde \tilde tilde
Tilde \Tilde
@@ -14363,7 +14363,7 @@
Note that, because these symbols are ignored, reading a @TeX{} or
address@hidden formula into Calc and writing it back out may lose spacing and
-font information.
+font information.
Also, the ``discretionary multiplication sign'' @samp{\*} is read
the same as @samp{*}.
@@ -14542,7 +14542,7 @@
of quotes in @dfn{eqn}, but it is good enough for most uses.
Accent codes (@address@hidden dot}) are handled by treating them as
-function calls (@samp{dot(@var{x})}) internally.
+function calls (@samp{dot(@var{x})}) internally.
@xref{TeX and LaTeX Language Modes}, for a table of these accent
functions. The @code{prime} accent is treated specially if it occurs on
a variable or function name: @samp{f prime prime @w{( x prime )}} is
@@ -14572,7 +14572,7 @@
The @kbd{d Y} (@code{calc-yacas-language}) command selects the
conventions of Yacas, a free computer algebra system. While the
operators and functions in Yacas are similar to those of Calc, the names
-of built-in functions in Yacas are capitalized. The Calc formula
+of built-in functions in Yacas are capitalized. The Calc formula
@samp{sin(2 x)}, for example, is entered and displayed @samp{Sin(2 x)}
in Yacas mode, and address@hidden(x^2)} is @samp{ArcSin(x^2)} in Yacas
mode. Complex numbers are written are written @samp{3 + 4 I}.
@@ -14581,9 +14581,9 @@
represents both @code{inf} and @code{uinf}, and @code{Undefined}
represents @code{nan}.
-Certain operators on functions, such as @code{D} for differentiation
+Certain operators on functions, such as @code{D} for differentiation
and @code{Integrate} for integration, take a prefix form in Yacas. For
-example, the derivative of @address@hidden sin(x)}} can be computed with
+example, the derivative of @address@hidden sin(x)}} can be computed with
@address@hidden(x) Exp(x)*Sin(x)}}.
Other notable differences between Yacas and standard Calc expressions
@@ -14602,7 +14602,7 @@
The @kbd{d X} (@code{calc-maxima-language}) command selects the
conventions of Maxima, another free computer algebra system. The
function names in Maxima are similar, but not always identical, to Calc.
-For example, instead of @samp{arcsin(x)}, Maxima will use
+For example, instead of @samp{arcsin(x)}, Maxima will use
@samp{asin(x)}. Complex numbers are written @samp{3 + 4 %i}. The
standard special constants are written @code{%pi}, @code{%e},
@code{%i}, @code{%phi} and @code{%gamma}. In Maxima, @code{inf} means
@@ -14610,8 +14610,8 @@
Underscores as well as percent signs are allowed in function and
variable names in Maxima mode. The underscore again is equivalent to
-the @samp{#} in Normal mode, and the percent sign is equivalent to
address@hidden'o}.
+the @samp{#} in Normal mode, and the percent sign is equivalent to
address@hidden'o}.
Maxima uses square brackets for lists and vectors, and matrices are
written as calls to the function @code{matrix}, given the row vectors of
@@ -14629,7 +14629,7 @@
names in Giac are similar to Maxima. Complex numbers are written
@samp{3 + 4 i}. The standard special constants in Giac are the same as
in Calc, except that @code{infinity} represents both Calc's @code{inf}
-and @code{uinf}.
+and @code{uinf}.
Underscores are allowed in function and variable names in Giac mode.
Brackets are used for subscripts. In Giac, indexing of lists begins at
@@ -15786,9 +15786,9 @@
@item
Matrix/Scalar mode. Default value is @mathit{-1}. Value is 0 for Scalar
mode, @mathit{-2} for Matrix mode, @mathit{-3} for square Matrix mode,
-or @var{N} for
+or @var{N} for
@texline @math{N\times N}
address@hidden @address@hidden
address@hidden @address@hidden
Matrix mode. Command is @kbd{m v}.
@item
@@ -16178,7 +16178,7 @@
@mindex @null
@end ignore
@tindex /
-The @kbd{/} (@code{calc-divide}) command divides two numbers.
+The @kbd{/} (@code{calc-divide}) command divides two numbers.
When combining multiplication and division in an algebraic formula, it
is good style to use parentheses to distinguish between possible
@@ -16187,7 +16187,7 @@
parentheses, Calc will interpret @samp{a/b*c} as @samp{a/(b*c)}, since
in algebraic entry Calc gives division a lower precedence than
multiplication. (This is not standard across all computer languages, and
-Calc may change the precedence depending on the language mode being used.
+Calc may change the precedence depending on the language mode being used.
@xref{Language Modes}.) This default ordering can be changed by setting
the customizable variable @code{calc-multiplication-has-precedence} to
@code{nil} (@pxref{Customizing Calc}); this will give multiplication and
@@ -16373,7 +16373,7 @@
The @kbd{f M} (@code{calc-mant-part}) address@hidden function extracts
the ``mantissa'' part @expr{m} of its floating-point argument; @kbd{f X}
(@code{calc-xpon-part}) address@hidden extracts the ``exponent'' part
address@hidden The original number is equal to
address@hidden The original number is equal to
@texline @math{m \times 10^e},
@infoline @expr{m * 10^e},
where @expr{m} is in the interval @samp{[1.0 ..@: 10.0)} except that
@@ -16406,9 +16406,9 @@
For example, incrementing @samp{12.3456} when the current precision
is 6 digits yields @samp{12.3457}. If the current precision had been
8 digits, the result would have been @samp{12.345601}. Incrementing
address@hidden produces
address@hidden produces
@texline @math{10^{-p}},
address@hidden @expr{10^-p},
address@hidden @expr{10^-p},
where @expr{p} is the current
precision. These operations are defined only on integers and floats.
With numeric prefix arguments, they change the number by @expr{n} units.
@@ -16852,7 +16852,7 @@
The @kbd{t J} (@code{calc-julian}) address@hidden command converts
a date form into a Julian day count, which is the number of days
since noon (GMT) on Jan 1, 4713 BC. A pure date is converted to an
-integer Julian count representing noon of that day. A date/time form
+integer Julian count representing noon of that day. A date/time form
is converted to an exact floating-point Julian count, adjusted to
interpret the date form in the current time zone but the Julian
day count in Greenwich Mean Time. A numeric prefix argument allows
@@ -17294,12 +17294,12 @@
default get the time zone and daylight saving information from the
calendar (@pxref{Daylight Saving,Calendar/Diary,The Calendar and the Diary,
emacs,The GNU Emacs Manual}). To use a different time zone, or if the
-calendar does not give the desired result, you can set the Calc variable
+calendar does not give the desired result, you can set the Calc variable
@code{TimeZone} (which is by default @code{nil}) to an appropriate
time zone name. (The easiest way to do this is to edit the
@code{TimeZone} variable using Calc's @kbd{s T} command, then use the
@kbd{s p} (@code{calc-permanent-variable}) command to save the value of
address@hidden permanently.)
address@hidden permanently.)
If the time zone given by @code{TimeZone} is a generalized time zone,
e.g., @code{EGT}, Calc examines the date being converted to tell whether
to use standard or daylight saving time. But if the current time zone
@@ -17311,12 +17311,12 @@
The @kbd{t J} and @code{t U} commands with no numeric prefix
arguments do the same thing as @samp{tzone()}; namely, use the
-information from the calendar if @code{TimeZone} is @code{nil},
+information from the calendar if @code{TimeZone} is @code{nil},
otherwise use the time zone given by @code{TimeZone}.
@vindex math-daylight-savings-hook
@findex math-std-daylight-savings
-When Calc computes the daylight saving information itself (i.e., when
+When Calc computes the daylight saving information itself (i.e., when
the @code{TimeZone} variable is set), it will by default consider
daylight saving time to begin at 2 a.m.@: on the second Sunday of March
(for years from 2007 on) or on the last Sunday in April (for years
@@ -17392,7 +17392,7 @@
from 3 a.m.@: to 4 a.m. At the end of daylight saving time, the
hour from 1 a.m.@: to 2 a.m.@: repeats itself; converting a date/time
form that falls in this hour results in a time value for the first
-manifestation of that time (@emph{not} the one that occurs one hour
+manifestation of that time (@emph{not} the one that occurs one hour
later).
If @code{math-daylight-savings-hook} is @code{nil}, then the
@@ -17995,12 +17995,12 @@
@expr{2^w} by all binary functions.
If the word size is negative, binary operations produce twos-complement
-integers from
+integers from
@texline @math{-2^{-w-1}}
address@hidden @expr{-(2^(-w-1))}
-to
address@hidden @expr{-(2^(-w-1))}
+to
@texline @math{2^{-w-1}-1}
address@hidden @expr{2^(-w-1)-1}
address@hidden @expr{2^(-w-1)-1}
inclusive. Either mode accepts inputs in any range; the sign of
@expr{w} affects only the results produced.
@@ -18182,13 +18182,13 @@
One miscellaneous command is address@hidden (@code{calc-pi}), which pushes
the value of @cpi{} (at the current precision) onto the stack. With the
Hyperbolic flag, it pushes the value @expr{e}, the base of natural logarithms.
-With the Inverse flag, it pushes Euler's constant
+With the Inverse flag, it pushes Euler's constant
@texline @math{\gamma}
address@hidden @expr{gamma}
address@hidden @expr{gamma}
(about 0.5772). With both Inverse and Hyperbolic, it
-pushes the ``golden ratio''
+pushes the ``golden ratio''
@texline @math{\phi}
address@hidden @expr{phi}
address@hidden @expr{phi}
(about 1.618). (At present, Euler's constant is not available
to unlimited precision; Calc knows only the first 100 digits.)
In Symbolic mode, these commands push the
@@ -18266,7 +18266,7 @@
(base-10) logarithm of a number. (With the Inverse flag address@hidden,
it raises ten to a given power.) Note that the common logarithm of a
complex number is computed by taking the natural logarithm and dividing
-by
+by
@texline @math{\ln10}.
@infoline @expr{ln(10)}.
@@ -18278,7 +18278,7 @@
The @kbd{B} (@code{calc-log}) address@hidden command computes a logarithm
to any base. For example, @kbd{1024 @key{RET} 2 B} produces 10, since
@texline @math{2^{10} = 1024}.
address@hidden @expr{2^10 = 1024}.
address@hidden @expr{2^10 = 1024}.
In certain cases like @samp{log(3,9)}, the result
will be either @expr{1:2} or @expr{0.5} depending on the current Fraction
mode setting. With the Inverse flag address@hidden, this command is
@@ -18300,11 +18300,11 @@
@tindex expm1
The @kbd{f E} (@code{calc-expm1}) address@hidden command computes
@texline @math{e^x - 1},
address@hidden @expr{exp(x)-1},
address@hidden @expr{exp(x)-1},
but using an algorithm that produces a more accurate
-answer when the result is close to zero, i.e., when
+answer when the result is close to zero, i.e., when
@texline @math{e^x}
address@hidden @expr{exp(x)}
address@hidden @expr{exp(x)}
is close to one.
@kindex f L
@@ -18312,7 +18312,7 @@
@tindex lnp1
The @kbd{f L} (@code{calc-lnp1}) address@hidden command computes
@texline @math{\ln(x+1)},
address@hidden @expr{ln(x+1)},
address@hidden @expr{ln(x+1)},
producing a more accurate answer when @expr{x} is close to zero.
@node Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Functions, Advanced Math Functions,
Logarithmic Functions, Scientific Functions
@@ -18515,9 +18515,9 @@
gamma function. For positive integer arguments, this is related to the
factorial function: @samp{gamma(n+1) = fact(n)}. For general complex
arguments the gamma function can be defined by the following definite
-integral:
+integral:
@texline @math{\Gamma(a) = \int_0^\infty t^{a-1} e^t dt}.
address@hidden @expr{gamma(a) = integ(t^(a-1) exp(t), t, 0, inf)}.
address@hidden @expr{gamma(a) = integ(t^(a-1) exp(t), t, 0, inf)}.
(The actual implementation uses far more efficient computational methods.)
@kindex f G
@@ -18549,7 +18549,7 @@
@tindex gammaG
The @kbd{f G} (@code{calc-inc-gamma}) address@hidden command computes
the incomplete gamma function, denoted @samp{P(a,x)}. This is defined by
-the integral,
+the integral,
@texline @math{P(a,x) = \left( \int_0^x t^{a-1} e^t dt \right) / \Gamma(a)}.
@infoline @expr{gammaP(a,x) = integ(t^(a-1) exp(t), t, 0, x) / gamma(a)}.
This implies that @samp{gammaP(a,inf) = 1} for any @expr{a} (see the
@@ -18583,7 +18583,7 @@
The @kbd{f b} (@code{calc-beta}) address@hidden command computes the
Euler beta function, which is defined in terms of the gamma function as
@texline @math{B(a,b) = \Gamma(a) \Gamma(b) / \Gamma(a+b)},
address@hidden @expr{beta(a,b) = gamma(a) gamma(b) / gamma(a+b)},
address@hidden @expr{beta(a,b) = gamma(a) gamma(b) / gamma(a+b)},
or by
@texline @math{B(a,b) = \int_0^1 t^{a-1} (1-t)^{b-1} dt}.
@infoline @expr{beta(a,b) = integ(t^(a-1) (1-t)^(b-1), t, 0, 1)}.
@@ -18606,7 +18606,7 @@
@tindex erf
@tindex erfc
The @kbd{f e} (@code{calc-erf}) address@hidden command computes the
-error function
+error function
@texline @math{\hbox{erf}(x) = {2 \over \sqrt{\pi}} \int_0^x e^{-t^2} dt}.
@infoline @expr{erf(x) = 2 integ(exp(-(t^2)), t, 0, x) / sqrt(pi)}.
The complementary error function @kbd{I f e} (@code{calc-erfc}) address@hidden
@@ -18784,9 +18784,9 @@
random numbers of various sorts.
Given a positive numeric prefix argument @expr{M}, it produces a random
-integer @expr{N} in the range
+integer @expr{N} in the range
@texline @math{0 \le N < M}.
address@hidden @expr{0 <= N < M}.
address@hidden @expr{0 <= N < M}.
Each possible value @expr{N} appears with equal probability.
With no numeric prefix argument, the @kbd{k r} command takes its argument
@@ -18794,17 +18794,17 @@
the result is a random integer less than @expr{M}. However, note that
while numeric prefix arguments are limited to six digits or so, an @expr{M}
taken from the stack can be arbitrarily large. If @expr{M} is negative,
-the result is a random integer in the range
+the result is a random integer in the range
@texline @math{M < N \le 0}.
@infoline @expr{M < N <= 0}.
If the value on the stack is a floating-point number @expr{M}, the result
-is a random floating-point number @expr{N} in the range
+is a random floating-point number @expr{N} in the range
@texline @math{0 \le N < M}
@infoline @expr{0 <= N < M}
-or
+or
@texline @math{M < N \le 0},
address@hidden @expr{M < N <= 0},
address@hidden @expr{M < N <= 0},
according to the sign of @expr{M}.
If @expr{M} is zero, the result is a Gaussian-distributed random real
@@ -18812,14 +18812,14 @@
of one. The algorithm used generates random numbers in pairs; thus,
every other call to this function will be especially fast.
-If @expr{M} is an error form
+If @expr{M} is an error form
@texline @math{m} @code{+/-} @math{\sigma}
address@hidden @samp{m +/- s}
-where @var{m} and
address@hidden @samp{m +/- s}
+where @var{m} and
@texline @math{\sigma}
address@hidden @var{s}
address@hidden @var{s}
are both real numbers, the result uses a Gaussian distribution with mean
address@hidden and standard deviation
address@hidden and standard deviation
@texline @math{\sigma}.
@infoline @var{s}.
@@ -18932,9 +18932,9 @@
If @code{RandSeed} contains an integer, Calc uses this integer to
seed an ``additive congruential'' method (Knuth's algorithm 3.2.2A,
-computing
+computing
@texline @math{X_{n-55} - X_{n-24}}.
address@hidden @expr{X_n-55 - X_n-24}).
address@hidden @expr{X_n-55 - X_n-24}).
This method expands the seed
value into a large table which is maintained internally; the variable
@code{RandSeed} is changed from, e.g., 42 to the vector @expr{[42]}
@@ -18970,18 +18970,18 @@
To create a random floating-point number with precision @var{p}, Calc
simply creates a random @var{p}-digit integer and multiplies by
@texline @math{10^{-p}}.
address@hidden @expr{10^-p}.
address@hidden @expr{10^-p}.
The resulting random numbers should be very clean, but note
that relatively small numbers will have few significant random digits.
In other words, with a precision of 12, you will occasionally get
-numbers on the order of
+numbers on the order of
@texline @math{10^{-9}}
address@hidden @expr{10^-9}
-or
address@hidden @expr{10^-9}
+or
@texline @math{10^{-10}},
address@hidden @expr{10^-10},
address@hidden @expr{10^-10},
but those numbers will only have two or three random digits since they
-correspond to small integers times
+correspond to small integers times
@texline @math{10^{-12}}.
@infoline @expr{10^-12}.
@@ -19032,7 +19032,7 @@
@tindex egcd
The @kbd{k E} (@code{calc-extended-gcd}) address@hidden command computes
the GCD of two integers @expr{x} and @expr{y} and returns a vector
address@hidden, a, b]} where
address@hidden, a, b]} where
@texline @math{g = \gcd(x,y) = a x + b y}.
@infoline @expr{g = gcd(x,y) = a x + b y}.
@@ -19119,11 +19119,11 @@
@tindex stir1
@tindex stir2
The @kbd{k s} (@code{calc-stirling-number}) address@hidden command
-computes a Stirling number of the first
+computes a Stirling number of the first
@texline address@hidden@math{n \brack m},
@infoline kind,
given two integers @expr{n} and @expr{m} on the stack. The @kbd{H k s}
address@hidden command computes a Stirling number of the second
address@hidden command computes a Stirling number of the second
@texline address@hidden@math{n \brace m}.
@infoline kind.
These are the number of @expr{m}-cycle permutations of @expr{n} objects,
@@ -19202,7 +19202,7 @@
@pindex calc-totient
@tindex totient
The @kbd{k t} (@code{calc-totient}) address@hidden command computes the
-Euler ``totient''
+Euler ``totient''
@texline address@hidden@math{\phi(n)},
@infoline function,
the number of integers less than @expr{n} which
@@ -19277,7 +19277,7 @@
@tindex ltpc
The @samp{utpc(x,v)} function uses the chi-square distribution with
@texline @math{\nu}
address@hidden @expr{v}
address@hidden @expr{v}
degrees of freedom. It is the probability that a model is
correct if its chi-square statistic is @expr{x}.
@@ -19293,10 +19293,10 @@
@end ignore
@tindex ltpf
The @samp{utpf(F,v1,v2)} function uses the F distribution, used in
-various statistical tests. The parameters
+various statistical tests. The parameters
@texline @math{\nu_1}
address@hidden @expr{v1}
-and
address@hidden @expr{v1}
+and
@texline @math{\nu_2}
@infoline @expr{v2}
are the degrees of freedom in the numerator and denominator,
@@ -19314,9 +19314,9 @@
@end ignore
@tindex ltpn
The @samp{utpn(x,m,s)} function uses a normal (Gaussian) distribution
-with mean @expr{m} and standard deviation
+with mean @expr{m} and standard deviation
@texline @math{\sigma}.
address@hidden @expr{s}.
address@hidden @expr{s}.
It is the probability that such a normal-distributed random variable
would exceed @expr{x}.
@@ -19347,20 +19347,20 @@
@end ignore
@tindex ltpt
The @samp{utpt(t,v)} function uses the Student's ``t'' distribution
-with
+with
@texline @math{\nu}
address@hidden @expr{v}
address@hidden @expr{v}
degrees of freedom. It is the probability that a
t-distributed random variable will be greater than @expr{t}.
-(Note: This computes the distribution function
+(Note: This computes the distribution function
@texline @math{A(t|\nu)}
@infoline @expr{A(t|v)}
-where
+where
@texline @math{A(0|\nu) = 1}
address@hidden @expr{A(0|v) = 1}
-and
address@hidden @expr{A(0|v) = 1}
+and
@texline @math{A(\infty|\nu) \to 0}.
address@hidden @expr{A(inf|v) -> 0}.
address@hidden @expr{A(inf|v) -> 0}.
The @code{UTPT} operation on the HP-48 uses a different definition which
returns half of Calc's value: @samp{UTPT(t,v) = .5*utpt(t,v)}.)
@@ -19670,7 +19670,7 @@
the stack is a scalar, it is used for each element on the diagonal, and
the prefix argument is required.
-To build a constant square matrix, e.g., a
+To build a constant square matrix, e.g., a
@texline @math{3\times3}
@infoline 3x3
matrix filled with ones, use @kbd{0 M-3 v d 1 +}, i.e., build a zero
@@ -19911,7 +19911,7 @@
With the Hyperbolic flag, @kbd{H v l} address@hidden computes a vector
of the dimensions of a vector, matrix, or higher-order object. For
example, @samp{mdims([[a,b,c],[d,e,f]])} returns @samp{[2, 3]} since
-its argument is a
+its argument is a
@texline @math{2\times3}
@infoline 2x3
matrix.
@@ -19945,17 +19945,17 @@
in the vector, the last row will be short and the result will not be
suitable for use as a matrix. For example, with the matrix
@samp{[[1, 2], @w{[3, 4]}]} on the stack, @kbd{v a 4} produces
address@hidden, 2, 3, 4]]} (a
address@hidden, 2, 3, 4]]} (a
@texline @math{1\times4}
@infoline 1x4
-matrix), @kbd{v a 1} produces @samp{[[1], [2], [3], [4]]} (a
+matrix), @kbd{v a 1} produces @samp{[[1], [2], [3], [4]]} (a
@texline @math{4\times1}
@infoline 4x1
-matrix), @kbd{v a 2} produces @samp{[[1, 2], [3, 4]]} (the original
+matrix), @kbd{v a 2} produces @samp{[[1, 2], [3, 4]]} (the original
@texline @math{2\times2}
@infoline 2x2
matrix), @address@hidden a 3}} produces @samp{[[1, 2, 3], [4]]} (not a
-matrix), and @kbd{v a 0} produces the flattened list
+matrix), and @kbd{v a 0} produces the flattened list
@samp{[1, 2, @w{3, 4}]}.
@cindex Sorting data
@@ -20040,9 +20040,9 @@
will be used to determine the bins. (If a positive integer is given at
this prompt, it will be still treated as if it were given as a
prefix.) Each bin will consist of the interval of numbers closest to
-the corresponding number of this new vector; if the vector
address@hidden, b, c, ...]} is entered at the prompt, the bins will be
address@hidden(-inf, (a+b)/2]}, @expr{((a+b)/2, (b+c)/2]}, etc. The result of
+the corresponding number of this new vector; if the vector
address@hidden, b, c, ...]} is entered at the prompt, the bins will be
address@hidden(-inf, (a+b)/2]}, @expr{((a+b)/2, (b+c)/2]}, etc. The result of
this command will be a vector counting how many elements of the
original vector are in each bin.
@@ -20313,10 +20313,10 @@
sets are disjoint, i.e., if they share no common elements, the result
will be the empty vector @samp{[]}. Note that the characters @kbd{V}
and @kbd{^} were chosen to be close to the conventional mathematical
-notation for set
+notation for set
@texline address@hidden(@math{A \cup B})
@infoline union
-and
+and
@texline address@hidden(@math{A \cap B}).
@infoline intersection.
@@ -20432,7 +20432,7 @@
not include any negative numbers. The input is interpreted as a
set of integers in the sense of @kbd{V F} (@code{vfloor}). Beware
that a simple input like @samp{[100]} can result in a huge integer
-representation
+representation
@texline (@math{2^{100}}, a 31-digit integer, in this case).
@infoline (@expr{2^100}, a 31-digit integer, in this case).
@@ -20544,10 +20544,10 @@
@cindex Mean of data values
The @kbd{u M} (@code{calc-vector-mean}) address@hidden command
computes the average (arithmetic mean) of the data values.
-If the inputs are error forms
+If the inputs are error forms
@texline @math{x \pm \sigma},
address@hidden @samp{x +/- s},
-this is the weighted mean of the @expr{x} values with weights
address@hidden @samp{x +/- s},
+this is the weighted mean of the @expr{x} values with weights
@texline @math{1 /\sigma^2}.
@infoline @expr{1 / s^2}.
@tex
@@ -20558,9 +20558,9 @@
values divided by the count of the values.
Note that a plain number can be considered an error form with
-error
+error
@texline @math{\sigma = 0}.
address@hidden @expr{s = 0}.
address@hidden @expr{s = 0}.
If the input to @kbd{u M} is a mixture of
plain numbers and error forms, the result is the mean of the
plain numbers, ignoring all values with non-zero errors. (By the
@@ -20662,7 +20662,7 @@
@cindex Standard deviation
@cindex Sample statistics
The @kbd{u S} (@code{calc-vector-sdev}) address@hidden command
-computes the standard
+computes the standard
@texline address@hidden@math{\sigma}
@infoline deviation
of the data values. If the values are error forms, the errors are used
@@ -20677,9 +20677,9 @@
This function also applies to distributions. The standard deviation
of a single error form is simply the error part. The standard deviation
of a continuous interval happens to equal the difference between the
-limits, divided by
+limits, divided by
@texline @math{\sqrt{12}}.
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(12)}.
address@hidden @expr{sqrt(12)}.
The standard deviation of an integer interval is the same as the
standard deviation of a vector of those integers.
@@ -20714,7 +20714,7 @@
The @kbd{H u S} (@code{calc-vector-variance}) address@hidden and
@kbd{H I u S} (@code{calc-vector-pop-variance}) address@hidden
commands compute the variance of the data values. The variance
-is the
+is the
@texline address@hidden@math{\sigma^2}
@infoline square
of the standard deviation, i.e., the sum of the
@@ -20738,7 +20738,7 @@
vectors of equal size. The vectors are each flattened in the same
way as by the single-variable statistical functions. Given a numeric
prefix argument of 1, these functions instead take one object from
-the stack, which must be an
+the stack, which must be an
@texline @math{N\times2}
@infoline Nx2
matrix of data values. Once again, variable names can be used in place
@@ -20996,7 +20996,7 @@
If any argument to @kbd{V M} is a matrix, the operator is normally mapped
across all elements of the matrix. For example, given the matrix
@expr{[[1, -2, 3], [-4, 5, -6]]}, @kbd{V M A} takes six absolute values to
-produce another
+produce another
@texline @math{3\times2}
@infoline 3x2
matrix, @expr{[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]}.
@@ -21612,8 +21612,8 @@
@pindex calc-break-selections
The @kbd{j b} (@code{calc-break-selections}) command controls a mode
in which the ``deep structure'' of these associative formulas shows
-through. Calc actually stores the above formulas as
address@hidden((a + b) - c) + d} and @samp{x * (y * z)}. (Note that for
certain
+through. Calc actually stores the above formulas as
address@hidden((a + b) - c) + d} and @samp{x * (y * z)}. (Note that for certain
obscure reasons, by default Calc treats multiplication as
right-associative.) Once you have enabled @kbd{j b} mode, selecting
with the cursor on the @samp{-} sign would only select the @samp{a + b -
@@ -22098,7 +22098,7 @@
example, if the formula on the stack is @samp{1 / (sqrt(a) + 1)}, you may
wish to eliminate the square root in the denominator by multiplying
the top and bottom by @samp{sqrt(a) - 1}. If you did this simply by using
-a simple @kbd{j *} command, you would get
+a simple @kbd{j *} command, you would get
@samp{(sqrt(a)-1)/ (sqrt(a) (sqrt(a) - 1) + sqrt(a) - 1)}. Instead,
you would probably want to use @kbd{C-u 0 j *}, which would expand the
bottom and give you the desired result @samp{(sqrt(a)-1)/(a-1)}. More
@@ -22405,7 +22405,7 @@
For example, @expr{2 + 3} is evaluated to @expr{5}, and @address@hidden(9)}
is evaluated to @expr{3}. Evaluation does not occur if the arguments
to a function are somehow of the wrong type @address@hidden([2,3,4])}),
-range (@address@hidden(90)}), or number (@address@hidden(3,5)}),
+range (@address@hidden(90)}), or number (@address@hidden(3,5)}),
or if the function name is not recognized (@address@hidden(5)}), or if
Symbolic mode (@pxref{Symbolic Mode}) prevents evaluation
(@address@hidden(2)}).
@@ -22452,7 +22452,7 @@
arguments in Calc's internal form. Sums and products of three or
more terms are arranged by the associative law of algebra into
a left-associative form for sums, @expr{((a + b) + c) + d}, and
-(by default) a right-associative form for products,
+(by default) a right-associative form for products,
@expr{a * (b * (c * d))}. Formulas like @expr{(a + b) + (c + d)} are
rearranged to left-associative form, though this rarely matters since
Calc's algebra commands are designed to hide the inner structure of sums
@@ -22533,7 +22533,7 @@
rewritten to @expr{a (c - b)}.
The distributive law of products and powers is used for adjacent
-terms of the product: @expr{x^a x^b} goes to
+terms of the product: @expr{x^a x^b} goes to
@texline @math{x^{a+b}}
@infoline @expr{x^(a+b)}
where @expr{a} is a number, or an implicit 1 (as in @expr{x}),
@@ -22544,9 +22544,9 @@
@expr{1} or to @samp{idn(1)} if Matrix mode is enabled.
The product of a negative power times anything but another negative
-power is changed to use division:
+power is changed to use division:
@texline @math{x^{-2} y}
address@hidden @expr{x^(-2) y}
address@hidden @expr{x^(-2) y}
goes to @expr{y / x^2} unless Matrix mode is
in effect and neither @expr{x} nor @expr{y} are scalar (in which
case it is considered unsafe to rearrange the order of the terms).
@@ -22568,13 +22568,13 @@
infinite quantity, as directed by the current infinite mode.
@xref{Infinite Mode}.
-The expression
+The expression
@texline @math{a / b^{-c}}
address@hidden @expr{a / b^(-c)}
address@hidden @expr{a / b^(-c)}
is changed to @expr{a b^c}, where @expr{-c} is any negative-looking
-power. Also, @expr{1 / b^c} is changed to
+power. Also, @expr{1 / b^c} is changed to
@texline @math{b^{-c}}
address@hidden @expr{b^(-c)}
address@hidden @expr{b^(-c)}
for any power @expr{c}.
Also, @expr{(-a) / b} and @expr{a / (-b)} go to @expr{-(a/b)};
@@ -22614,22 +22614,22 @@
is an integer, or if either @expr{a} or @expr{b} are nonnegative
real numbers. Powers of powers @expr{(a^b)^c} are simplified to
@texline @math{a^{b c}}
address@hidden @expr{a^(b c)}
address@hidden @expr{a^(b c)}
only when @expr{c} is an integer and @expr{b c} also
evaluates to an integer. Without these restrictions these simplifications
would not be safe because of problems with principal values.
-(In other words,
+(In other words,
@texline @math{((-3)^{1/2})^2}
address@hidden @expr{((-3)^1:2)^2}
address@hidden @expr{((-3)^1:2)^2}
is safe to simplify, but
@texline @math{((-3)^2)^{1/2}}
address@hidden @expr{((-3)^2)^1:2}
address@hidden @expr{((-3)^2)^1:2}
is not.) @xref{Declarations}, for ways to inform Calc that your
variables satisfy these requirements.
As a special case of this rule, @address@hidden(x)^n} is simplified to
@texline @math{x^{n/2}}
address@hidden @expr{x^(n/2)}
address@hidden @expr{x^(n/2)}
only for even integers @expr{n}.
If @expr{a} is known to be real, @expr{b} is an even integer, and
@@ -22642,13 +22642,13 @@
Square roots @address@hidden(x)} generally act like one-half powers
@texline @math{x^{1:2}}
address@hidden @expr{x^1:2}
address@hidden @expr{x^1:2}
for the purposes of the above-listed simplifications.
-Also, note that
+Also, note that
@texline @math{1 / x^{1:2}}
address@hidden @expr{1 / x^1:2}
-is changed to
address@hidden @expr{1 / x^1:2}
+is changed to
@texline @math{x^{-1:2}},
@infoline @expr{x^(-1:2)},
but @expr{1 / @tfn{sqrt}(x)} is left alone.
@@ -22660,9 +22660,9 @@
Generic identity matrices (@pxref{Matrix Mode}) are simplified by the
following rules: @address@hidden(a) + b} to @expr{a + b} if @expr{b}
is provably scalar, or expanded out if @expr{b} is a matrix;
address@hidden@tfn{idn}(a) + @tfn{idn}(b)} to @address@hidden(a + b)};
address@hidden@tfn{idn}(a)} to @address@hidden(-a)}; @expr{a @tfn{idn}(b)} to
address@hidden@tfn{idn}(a b)} if @expr{a} is provably scalar, or to @expr{a b}
address@hidden@tfn{idn}(a) + @tfn{idn}(b)} to @address@hidden(a + b)};
address@hidden@tfn{idn}(a)} to @address@hidden(-a)}; @expr{a @tfn{idn}(b)} to
address@hidden@tfn{idn}(a b)} if @expr{a} is provably scalar, or to @expr{a b}
if @expr{a} is provably non-scalar; @address@hidden(a) @tfn{idn}(b)} to
@address@hidden(a b)}; analogous simplifications for quotients involving
@code{idn}; and @address@hidden(a)^n} to @address@hidden(a^n)} where
@@ -22683,7 +22683,7 @@
The expression @address@hidden(@tfn{abs}(x))} changes to
@address@hidden(x)}; in fact, @address@hidden(x)} changes to @expr{x} or
@expr{-x} if @expr{x} is provably nonnegative or nonpositive
-(@pxref{Declarations}).
+(@pxref{Declarations}).
While most functions do not recognize the variable @code{i} as an
imaginary number, the @code{arg} function does handle the two cases
@@ -22693,7 +22693,7 @@
Various other expressions involving @code{conj}, @code{re}, and
@code{im} are simplified, especially if some of the arguments are
provably real or involve the constant @code{i}. For example,
address@hidden@tfn{conj}(a + b i)} is changed to
address@hidden@tfn{conj}(a + b i)} is changed to
@address@hidden(a) - @tfn{conj}(b) i}, or to @expr{a - b i} if @expr{a}
and @expr{b} are known to be real.
@@ -22836,7 +22836,7 @@
Symbolic mode.) First, square integer or rational factors are
pulled out so that @address@hidden(8)} is rewritten as
@texline @math{2\,@tfn{sqrt}(2)}.
address@hidden @expr{2 sqrt(2)}.
address@hidden @expr{2 sqrt(2)}.
Conceptually speaking this implies factoring the argument into primes
and moving pairs of primes out of the square root, but for reasons of
efficiency Calc only looks for primes up to 29.
@@ -22879,7 +22879,7 @@
Trigonometric functions are simplified in several ways. Whenever a
products of two trigonometric functions can be replaced by a single
function, the replacement is made; for example,
address@hidden@tfn{tan}(x) @tfn{cos}(x)} is simplified to @address@hidden(x)}.
address@hidden@tfn{tan}(x) @tfn{cos}(x)} is simplified to @address@hidden(x)}.
Reciprocals of trigonometric functions are replaced by their reciprocal
function; for example, @expr{1/@tfn{sec}(x)} is simplified to
@address@hidden(x)}. The corresponding simplifications for the
@@ -22887,7 +22887,7 @@
Trigonometric functions of their inverse functions are
simplified. The expression @address@hidden(@tfn{arcsin}(x))} is
-simplified to @expr{x}, and similarly for @code{cos} and @code{tan}.
+simplified to @expr{x}, and similarly for @code{cos} and @code{tan}.
Trigonometric functions of inverses of different trigonometric
functions can also be simplified, as in @address@hidden(@tfn{arccos}(x))}
to @address@hidden(1 - x^2)}.
@@ -22905,30 +22905,30 @@
functions are known, except for negative arguments of @code{arcsin},
@code{arctan}, @code{arcsinh}, and @code{arctanh}. Note that
@address@hidden(@tfn{sin}(x))} can @emph{not} safely change to
address@hidden, since this only correct within an integer multiple of
address@hidden, since this only correct within an integer multiple of
@texline @math{2 \pi}
address@hidden @expr{2 pi}
address@hidden @expr{2 pi}
radians or 360 degrees. However, @address@hidden(@tfn{sinh}(x))} is
simplified to @expr{x} if @expr{x} is known to be real.
Several simplifications that apply to logarithms and exponentials
-are that @address@hidden(@tfn{ln}(x))},
+are that @address@hidden(@tfn{ln}(x))},
@texline @address@hidden(x)}},
address@hidden @address@hidden(x)},
address@hidden @address@hidden(x)},
and
@texline @math{10^{{\rm log10}(x)}}
address@hidden @address@hidden(x)}
address@hidden @address@hidden(x)}
all reduce to @expr{x}. Also, @address@hidden(@tfn{exp}(x))}, etc., can
reduce to @expr{x} if @expr{x} is provably real. The form
@address@hidden(x)^y} is simplified to @address@hidden(x y)}. If @expr{x}
-is a suitable multiple of
address@hidden @math{\pi i}
+is a suitable multiple of
address@hidden @math{\pi i}
@infoline @expr{pi i}
(as described above for the trigonometric functions), then
@address@hidden(x)} or @expr{e^x} will be expanded. Finally,
@address@hidden(x)} is simplified to a form involving @code{pi} and
@code{i} where @expr{x} is provably negative, positive imaginary, or
-negative imaginary.
+negative imaginary.
The error functions @code{erf} and @code{erfc} are simplified when
their arguments are negative-looking or are calls to the @code{conj}
@@ -23006,18 +23006,18 @@
are folded down to the 360-degree range that the inverse trigonometric
functions always produce.
-Powers of powers @expr{(x^a)^b} are simplified to
+Powers of powers @expr{(x^a)^b} are simplified to
@texline @math{x^{a b}}
@infoline @expr{x^(a b)}
for all @expr{a} and @expr{b}. These results will be valid only
-in a restricted range of @expr{x}; for example, in
+in a restricted range of @expr{x}; for example, in
@texline @math{(x^2)^{1:2}}
@infoline @expr{(x^2)^1:2}
the powers cancel to get @expr{x}, which is valid for positive values
of @expr{x} but not for negative or complex values.
Similarly, @address@hidden(x^a)} and @address@hidden(x)^a} are both
-simplified (possibly unsafely) to
+simplified (possibly unsafely) to
@texline @math{x^{a/2}}.
@infoline @expr{x^(a/2)}.
@@ -23027,7 +23027,7 @@
Arguments of square roots are partially factored to look for
squared terms that can be extracted. For example,
address@hidden@tfn{sqrt}(a^2 b^3 + a^3 b^2)} simplifies to
address@hidden@tfn{sqrt}(a^2 b^3 + a^3 b^2)} simplifies to
@expr{a b @tfn{sqrt}(a+b)}.
The simplifications of @address@hidden(@tfn{exp}(x))},
@@ -23093,9 +23093,9 @@
For powers and square roots, the ``unsafe'' simplifications
@expr{(a b)^c} to @expr{a^c b^c}, @expr{(a/b)^c} to @expr{a^c / b^c},
-and @expr{(a^b)^c} to
+and @expr{(a^b)^c} to
@texline @math{a^{b c}}
address@hidden @expr{a^(b c)}
address@hidden @expr{a^(b c)}
are done if the powers are real numbers. (These are safe in the context
of units because all numbers involved can reasonably be assumed to be
real.)
@@ -23108,12 +23108,12 @@
is simplified by noting that @expr{1.5 = 3:2}, that @samp{acre}
is defined in terms of @samp{m^2}, and that the 2 in the power of
@code{m} is a multiple of 2 in @expr{3:2}. Thus, @code{acre^1.5} is
-replaced by approximately
+replaced by approximately
@texline @math{(4046 m^2)^{1.5}}
address@hidden @expr{(4046 m^2)^1.5},
-which is then changed to
address@hidden @expr{(4046 m^2)^1.5},
+which is then changed to
@texline @math{4046^{1.5} \, (m^2)^{1.5}},
address@hidden @expr{4046^1.5 (m^2)^1.5},
address@hidden @expr{4046^1.5 (m^2)^1.5},
then to @expr{257440 m^3}.
The functions @code{float}, @code{frac}, @code{clean}, @code{abs},
@@ -23401,7 +23401,7 @@
If you use the @code{deriv} function directly in an algebraic formula,
you can write @samp{deriv(f,x,x0)} which represents the derivative
-of @expr{f} with respect to @expr{x}, evaluated at the point
+of @expr{f} with respect to @expr{x}, evaluated at the point
@texline @math{x=x_0}.
@infoline @expr{x=x0}.
@@ -23441,7 +23441,7 @@
work for all integrable functions, but it is able to integrate several
large classes of formulas. In particular, any polynomial or rational
function (a polynomial divided by a polynomial) is acceptable.
-(Rational functions don't have to be in explicit quotient form, however;
+(Rational functions don't have to be in explicit quotient form, however;
@texline @math{x/(1+x^{-2})}
@infoline @expr{x/(1+x^-2)}
is not strictly a quotient of polynomials, but it is equivalent to
@@ -23472,7 +23472,7 @@
Please note that the current implementation of Calc's integrator sometimes
produces results that are significantly more complex than they need to
-be. For example, the integral Calc finds for
+be. For example, the integral Calc finds for
@texline @math{1/(x+\sqrt{x^2+1})}
@infoline @expr{1/(x+sqrt(x^2+1))}
is several times more complicated than the answer Mathematica
@@ -23480,11 +23480,11 @@
equivalent. Also, any indefinite integral should be considered to have
an arbitrary constant of integration added to it, although Calc does not
write an explicit constant of integration in its result. For example,
-Calc's solution for
+Calc's solution for
@texline @math{1/(1+\tan x)}
address@hidden @expr{1/(1+tan(x))}
address@hidden @expr{1/(1+tan(x))}
differs from the solution given in the @emph{CRC Math Tables} by a
-constant factor of
+constant factor of
@texline @math{\pi i / 2}
@infoline @expr{pi i / 2},
due to a different choice of constant of integration.
@@ -23544,9 +23544,9 @@
@tindex Ei
As a more serious example, the expression @samp{exp(x)/x} cannot be
integrated in terms of the standard functions, so the ``exponential
-integral'' function
+integral'' function
@texline @math{{\rm Ei}(x)}
address@hidden @expr{Ei(x)}
address@hidden @expr{Ei(x)}
was invented to describe it.
We can get Calc to do this integral in terms of a made-up @code{Ei}
function by adding the rule @samp{[integtry(exp(x)/x, x) := Ei(x)]}
@@ -23717,18 +23717,18 @@
This command also works for inequalities, as in @expr{y < 3x + 6}.
Some inequalities cannot be solved where the analogous equation could
-be; for example, solving
+be; for example, solving
@texline @math{a < b \, c}
address@hidden @expr{a < b c}
address@hidden @expr{a < b c}
for @expr{b} is impossible
without knowing the sign of @expr{c}. In this case, @kbd{a S} will
-produce the result
+produce the result
@texline @math{b \mathbin{\hbox{\code{!=}}} a/c}
address@hidden @expr{b != a/c}
address@hidden @expr{b != a/c}
(using the not-equal-to operator) to signify that the direction of the
-inequality is now unknown. The inequality
+inequality is now unknown. The inequality
@texline @math{a \le b \, c}
address@hidden @expr{a <= b c}
address@hidden @expr{a <= b c}
is not even partially solved. @xref{Declarations}, for a way to tell
Calc that the signs of the variables in a formula are in fact known.
@@ -24186,13 +24186,13 @@
with the minimum value itself.
Note that this command looks for a @emph{local} minimum. Many functions
-have more than one minimum; some, like
+have more than one minimum; some, like
@texline @math{x \sin x},
address@hidden @expr{x sin(x)},
address@hidden @expr{x sin(x)},
have infinitely many. In fact, there is no easy way to define the
-``global'' minimum of
+``global'' minimum of
@texline @math{x \sin x}
address@hidden @expr{x sin(x)}
address@hidden @expr{x sin(x)}
but Calc can still locate any particular local minimum
for you. Calc basically goes downhill from the initial guess until it
finds a point at which the function's value is greater both to the left
@@ -24271,7 +24271,7 @@
no single @expr{m} and @expr{b} that exactly fit the data; in this
case, Calc chooses values of the parameters that provide the closest
possible fit. The model formula can be entered in various ways after
-the key sequence @kbd{a F} is pressed.
+the key sequence @kbd{a F} is pressed.
If the letter @kbd{P} is pressed after @kbd{a F} but before the model
description is entered, the data as well as the model formula will be
@@ -24319,7 +24319,7 @@
The @kbd{a F} command takes the data set to be fitted from the stack.
By default, it expects the data in the form of a matrix. For example,
-for a linear or polynomial fit, this would be a
+for a linear or polynomial fit, this would be a
@texline @math{2\times N}
@infoline 2xN
matrix where the first row is a list of @expr{x} values and the second
@@ -24327,10 +24327,10 @@
shown above, the matrix would have four rows (@expr{x_1}, @expr{x_2},
@expr{x_3}, and @expr{y}, respectively).
-If you happen to have an
+If you happen to have an
@texline @math{N\times2}
@infoline Nx2
-matrix instead of a
+matrix instead of a
@texline @math{2\times N}
@infoline 2xN
matrix, just press @kbd{v t} first to transpose the matrix.
@@ -24425,13 +24425,13 @@
which is clearly zero if @expr{a + b x} exactly fits all data points,
and increases as various @expr{a + b x_i} values fail to match the
corresponding @expr{y_i} values. There are several reasons why the
-summand is squared, one of them being to ensure that
+summand is squared, one of them being to ensure that
@texline @math{\chi^2 \ge 0}.
@infoline @expr{chi^2 >= 0}.
Least-squares fitting simply chooses the values of @expr{a} and @expr{b}
-for which the error
+for which the error
@texline @math{\chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
is as small as possible.
Other kinds of models do the same thing but with a different model
@@ -24593,9 +24593,9 @@
or all be plain numbers. Error forms can go anywhere but generally
go on the numbers in the last row of the data matrix. If the last
row contains error forms
address@hidden address@hidden@w{ @tfn{+/-} address@hidden',
address@hidden address@hidden@w{ @tfn{+/-} address@hidden',
-then the
address@hidden address@hidden@w{ @tfn{+/-} address@hidden',
address@hidden address@hidden@w{ @tfn{+/-} address@hidden',
+then the
@texline @math{\chi^2}
@infoline @expr{chi^2}
statistic is now,
@@ -24617,9 +24617,9 @@
If there are error forms on other rows of the data matrix, all the
errors for a given data point are combined; the square root of the
-sum of the squares of the errors forms the
+sum of the squares of the errors forms the
@texline @math{\sigma_i}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}
used for the data point.
Both @kbd{a F} and @kbd{H a F} can accept error forms in the input
@@ -24627,19 +24627,19 @@
probably use @kbd{H a F} so that the output also contains error
estimates.
-If the input contains error forms but all the
+If the input contains error forms but all the
@texline @math{\sigma_i}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}
values are the same, it is easy to see that the resulting fitted model
-will be the same as if the input did not have error forms at all
+will be the same as if the input did not have error forms at all
@texline (@math{\chi^2}
@infoline (@expr{chi^2}
-is simply scaled uniformly by
+is simply scaled uniformly by
@texline @math{1 / \sigma^2},
address@hidden @expr{1 / sigma^2},
address@hidden @expr{1 / sigma^2},
which doesn't affect where it has a minimum). But there @emph{will} be
a difference in the estimated errors of the coefficients reported by
address@hidden a F}.
address@hidden a F}.
Consult any text on statistical modeling of data for a discussion
of where these error estimates come from and how they should be
@@ -24671,18 +24671,18 @@
The covariance matrix @expr{C} computed from the fit. This is
an @address@hidden symmetric matrix; the diagonal elements
@texline @math{C_{jj}}
address@hidden @expr{C_j_j}
-are the variances
address@hidden @expr{C_j_j}
+are the variances
@texline @math{\sigma_j^2}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_j^2}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_j^2}
of the parameters. The other elements are covariances
address@hidden @math{\sigma_{ij}^2}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i_j^2}
address@hidden @math{\sigma_{ij}^2}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i_j^2}
that describe the correlation between pairs of parameters. (A related
-set of numbers, the @dfn{linear correlation coefficients}
+set of numbers, the @dfn{linear correlation coefficients}
@texline @math{r_{ij}},
@infoline @expr{r_i_j},
-are defined as
+are defined as
@texline @math{\sigma_{ij}^2 / \sigma_i \, \sigma_j}.)
@infoline @expr{sigma_i_j^2 / sigma_i sigma_j}.)
@@ -24693,35 +24693,35 @@
polynomial and multilinear fits described so far.
@item
-The value of
+The value of
@texline @math{\chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
for the fit, calculated by the formulas shown above. This gives a
measure of the quality of the fit; statisticians consider
@texline @math{\chi^2 \approx N - M}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2 = N - M}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2 = N - M}
to indicate a moderately good fit (where again @expr{N} is the number of
data points and @expr{M} is the number of parameters).
@item
A measure of goodness of fit expressed as a probability @expr{Q}.
This is computed from the @code{utpc} probability distribution
-function using
+function using
@texline @math{\chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
with @expr{N - M} degrees of freedom. A
value of 0.5 implies a good fit; some texts recommend that often
@expr{Q = 0.1} or even 0.001 can signify an acceptable fit. In
-particular,
+particular,
@texline @math{\chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
statistics assume the errors in your inputs
follow a normal (Gaussian) distribution; if they don't, you may
have to accept smaller values of @expr{Q}.
The @expr{Q} value is computed only if the input included error
estimates. Otherwise, Calc will report the symbol @code{nan}
-for @expr{Q}. The reason is that in this case the
+for @expr{Q}. The reason is that in this case the
@texline @math{\chi^2}
@infoline @expr{chi^2}
value has effectively been used to estimate the original errors
@@ -24763,7 +24763,7 @@
@item q
Quadratic. @mathit{a + b (x-c)^2 + d (x-e)^2}.
@item g
-Gaussian.
+Gaussian.
@texline @math{{a \over b \sqrt{2 \pi}} \exp\left( -{1 \over 2} \left( x - c
\over b \right)^2 \right)}.
@infoline @mathit{(a / b sqrt(2 pi)) exp(-0.5*((x-c)/b)^2)}.
@item s
@@ -24788,7 +24788,7 @@
All models except Gaussian, logistics, Hubbert and polynomials can
generalize as shown to any number of independent variables. Also, all
-the built-in models except for the logistic and Hubbert curves have an
+the built-in models except for the logistic and Hubbert curves have an
additive or multiplicative parameter shown as @expr{a} in the above table
which can be replaced by zero or one, as appropriate, by typing @kbd{h}
before the model key.
@@ -24893,9 +24893,9 @@
returns results in the range from @mathit{-90} to 90 degrees (or the
equivalent range in radians). Suppose you had data that you
believed to represent roughly three oscillations of a sine wave,
-so that the argument of the sine might go from zero to
+so that the argument of the sine might go from zero to
@texline @math{3\times360}
address@hidden @mathit{3*360}
address@hidden @mathit{3*360}
degrees.
The above model would appear to be a good way to determine the
true frequency and phase of the sine wave, but in practice it
@@ -24955,18 +24955,18 @@
@end example
@noindent
-which matches the desired form with
+which matches the desired form with
@texline @math{Y = \ln(y)},
address@hidden @expr{Y = ln(y)},
address@hidden @expr{Y = ln(y)},
@texline @math{A = \ln(a)},
@infoline @expr{A = ln(a)},
address@hidden = 1}, @expr{B = b}, and
address@hidden = 1}, @expr{B = b}, and
@texline @math{G = \ln(x)}.
address@hidden @expr{G = ln(x)}.
address@hidden @expr{G = ln(x)}.
Calc thus computes the logarithms of your @expr{y} and @expr{x} values,
-does a linear fit for @expr{A} and @expr{B}, then solves to get
address@hidden @math{a = \exp(A)}
address@hidden @expr{a = exp(A)}
+does a linear fit for @expr{A} and @expr{B}, then solves to get
address@hidden @math{a = \exp(A)}
address@hidden @expr{a = exp(A)}
and @expr{b = B}.
Another interesting example is the ``quadratic'' model, which can
@@ -25015,7 +25015,7 @@
A last desperate step would be to use the general-purpose
@code{minimize} function rather than @code{fit}. After all, both
-functions solve the problem of minimizing an expression (the
+functions solve the problem of minimizing an expression (the
@texline @math{\chi^2}
@infoline @expr{chi^2}
sum) by adjusting certain parameters in the expression. The @kbd{a F}
@@ -25026,9 +25026,9 @@
A compromise would be to pick out a few parameters without which the
fit is linearizable, and use @code{minimize} on a call to @code{fit}
which efficiently takes care of the rest of the parameters. The thing
-to be minimized would be the value of
+to be minimized would be the value of
@texline @math{\chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
address@hidden @expr{chi^2}
returned as the fifth result of the @code{xfit} function:
@smallexample
@@ -25086,13 +25086,13 @@
and @expr{y} to be plain numbers, and makes @expr{z} into an error
form with this combined error. The @expr{Y(x,y,z)} part of the
linearized model is evaluated, and the result should be an error
-form. The error part of that result is used for
+form. The error part of that result is used for
@texline @math{\sigma_i}
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}
-for the data point. If for some reason @expr{Y(x,y,z)} does not return
-an error form, the combined error from @expr{z} is used directly for
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}
+for the data point. If for some reason @expr{Y(x,y,z)} does not return
+an error form, the combined error from @expr{z} is used directly for
@texline @math{\sigma_i}.
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}.
address@hidden @expr{sigma_i}.
Finally, @expr{z} is also stripped of its error
for use in computing @expr{F(x,y,z)}, @expr{G(x,y,z)} and so on;
the righthand side of the linearized model is computed in regular
@@ -25104,7 +25104,7 @@
often simply equal to @expr{z}. For common cases like polynomials
and multilinear models, the combined error is simply used as the
@texline @math{\sigma}
address@hidden @expr{sigma}
address@hidden @expr{sigma}
for the data point with no further ado.)
@tex
@@ -25481,7 +25481,7 @@
formula works out to the indeterminate form @expr{0 / 0}, which
Calc will not assume is zero. Better would be to use
@samp{(k != k_0) ? 1/(k-k_0) : 0}; the @samp{? :} operator does
-an ``if-then-else'' test: This expression says, ``if
+an ``if-then-else'' test: This expression says, ``if
@texline @math{k \ne k_0},
@infoline @expr{k != k_0},
then @expr{1/(k-k_0)}, else zero.'' Now the formula @expr{1/(k-k_0)}
@@ -26496,16 +26496,16 @@
then the rule set @samp{[f(0) := 0, import(linearF)]} will apply
all three rules. It is possible to modify the imported rules
slightly: @samp{import(x, v1, x1, v2, x2, @dots{})} imports
-the rule set @expr{x} with all occurrences of
+the rule set @expr{x} with all occurrences of
@texline @math{v_1},
address@hidden @expr{v1},
-as either a variable name or a function name, replaced with
address@hidden @expr{v1},
+as either a variable name or a function name, replaced with
@texline @math{x_1}
address@hidden @expr{x1}
-and so on. (If
address@hidden @expr{x1}
+and so on. (If
@texline @math{v_1}
address@hidden @expr{v1}
-is used as a function name, then
address@hidden @expr{v1}
+is used as a function name, then
@texline @math{x_1}
@infoline @expr{x1}
must be either a function name itself or a @address@hidden< >}} nameless
@@ -27609,7 +27609,7 @@
@code{tri} to the value on the top of the stack. @xref{Programming}.
@cindex Quaternions
-The following rule set, contributed by
+The following rule set, contributed by
@texline Fran\c cois
@infoline Francois
Pinard, implements @dfn{quaternions}, a generalization of the concept of
@@ -27764,9 +27764,9 @@
While many of Calc's conversion factors are exact, some are necessarily
approximate. If Calc is in fraction mode (@pxref{Fraction Mode}), then
unit conversions will try to give exact, rational conversions, but it
-isn't always possible. Given @samp{55 mph} in fraction mode, typing
address@hidden c m/s @key{RET}} produces @samp{15367:625 m/s}, for example,
-while typing @kbd{u c au/yr @key{RET}} produces
+isn't always possible. Given @samp{55 mph} in fraction mode, typing
address@hidden c m/s @key{RET}} produces @samp{15367:625 m/s}, for example,
+while typing @kbd{u c au/yr @key{RET}} produces
@samp{5.18665819999e-3 au/yr}.
If the units you request are inconsistent with the original units, the
@@ -27994,7 +27994,7 @@
Other units used by @TeX{} are available; they are @code{texpc} (a pica),
@code{texbp} (a ``big point'', equal to a standard point which is larger
than the point used by @TeX{}), @code{texdd} (a Didot point),
address@hidden (a Cicero) and @code{texsp} (a scaled @TeX{} point,
address@hidden (a Cicero) and @code{texsp} (a scaled @TeX{} point,
all dimensions representable in @TeX{} are multiples of this value).
When Calc is using the @TeX{} or address@hidden language mode (@pxref{TeX
@@ -28131,17 +28131,17 @@
units which are manipulated differently than standard units. Calc
provides commands to work with these logarithmic units.
-Decibels and nepers are used to measure power quantities as well as
+Decibels and nepers are used to measure power quantities as well as
field quantities (quantities whose squares are proportional to power);
these two types of quantities are handled slightly different from each
other. By default the Calc commands work as if power quantities are
being used; with the @kbd{H} prefix the Calc commands work as if field
quantities are being used.
-The decibel level of a power
+The decibel level of a power
@infoline @math{P1},
@texline @math{P_1},
-relative to a reference power
+relative to a reference power
@infoline @math{P0},
@texline @math{P_0},
is defined to be
@@ -28151,10 +28151,10 @@
one-tenth of a bel. The bel, named after Alexander Graham Bell, was
considered to be too large of a unit and was effectively replaced by
the decibel.) If @math{F} is a field quantity with power
address@hidden F^2}, then a reference quantity of
address@hidden F^2}, then a reference quantity of
@infoline @math{F0}
@texline @math{F_0}
-would correspond to a power of
+would correspond to a power of
@infoline @math{P0=k F0^2}.
@texline @math{P_{0}=kF_{0}^2}.
If
@@ -28163,7 +28163,7 @@
then
@ifnottex
address@hidden
address@hidden
10 log10(P1/P0) = 10 log10(F1^2/F0^2) = 20 log10(F1/F0).
@end example
@end ifnottex
@@ -28175,42 +28175,42 @@
@noindent
In order to get the same decibel level regardless of whether a field
quantity or the corresponding power quantity is used, the decibel
-level of a field quantity
+level of a field quantity
@infoline @math{F1},
address@hidden @math{F_1},
-relative to a reference
address@hidden @math{F_1},
+relative to a reference
@infoline @math{F0},
address@hidden @math{F_0},
address@hidden @math{F_0},
is defined as
@infoline @math{20 log10(F1/F0) dB}.
@texline @math{20 \log_{10}(F_{1}/F_{0}) {\rm dB}}.
-For example, the decibel value of a sound pressure level of
+For example, the decibel value of a sound pressure level of
@infoline @math{60 uPa}
@texline @math{60 \mu{\rm Pa}}
-relative to
+relative to
@infoline @math{20 uPa}
@texline @math{20 \mu{\rm Pa}}
-(the threshhold of human hearing) is
+(the threshold of human hearing) is
@infoline @math{20 log10(60 uPa/ 20 uPa) dB = 20 log10(3) dB},
@texline @math{20 \log_{10}(60 \mu{\rm Pa}/20 \mu{\rm Pa}) {\rm dB} = 20
\log_{10}(3) {\rm dB}},
-which is about
+which is about
@infoline @math{9.54 dB}.
@texline @math{9.54 {\rm dB}}.
Note that in taking the ratio, the original units cancel and so these
-logarithmic units are dimensionless.
+logarithmic units are dimensionless.
Nepers (named after John Napier, who is credited with inventing the
logarithm) are similar to bels except they use natural logarithms instead
-of common logarithms. The neper level of a power
+of common logarithms. The neper level of a power
@infoline @math{P1},
@texline @math{P_1},
-relative to a reference power
+relative to a reference power
@infoline @math{P0},
@texline @math{P_0},
is
@infoline @math{(1/2) ln(P1/P0) Np}.
@texline @math{(1/2) \ln(P_1/P_0) {\rm Np}}.
-The neper level of a field
+The neper level of a field
@infoline @math{F1},
@texline @math{F_1},
relative to a reference field
@@ -28223,13 +28223,13 @@
@vindex calc-lu-power-reference
@vindex calc-lu-field-reference
For power quantities, Calc uses
address@hidden @math{1 mW}
address@hidden @math{1 mW}
@texline @math{1 {\rm mW}}
-as the default reference quantity; this default can be changed by changing
+as the default reference quantity; this default can be changed by changing
the value of the customizable variable
@code{calc-lu-power-reference} (@pxref{Customizing Calc}).
-For field quantities, Calc uses
address@hidden @math{20 uPa}
+For field quantities, Calc uses
address@hidden @math{20 uPa}
@texline @math{20 \mu{\rm Pa}}
as the default reference quantity; this is the value used in acoustics
which is where decibels are commonly encountered. This default can be
@@ -28247,9 +28247,9 @@
logarithmic units. With the capital @kbd{O} prefix, @kbd{O l q}, the
reference level will be read from the top of the stack. (In an
algebraic formula, @code{lupquant} can be given an optional second
-argument which will be used for the reference level.) For example,
address@hidden dB @key{RET} l q} will return @code{100 mW};
address@hidden dB @key{RET} 4 W @key{RET} O l q} will return @code{400 W}.
+argument which will be used for the reference level.) For example,
address@hidden dB @key{RET} l q} will return @code{100 mW};
address@hidden dB @key{RET} 4 W @key{RET} O l q} will return @code{400 W}.
The @kbd{H l q} address@hidden command behaves like @kbd{l q} but
computes field quantities instead of power quantities.
@@ -28288,13 +28288,13 @@
@tindex lufdiv
The sum of two power or field quantities doesn't correspond to the sum
of the corresponding decibel or neper levels. If the powers
-corresponding to decibel levels
address@hidden @math{D1}
address@hidden @math{D_1}
-and
address@hidden @math{D2}
address@hidden @math{D_2}
-are added, the corresponding decibel level ``sum'' will be
+corresponding to decibel levels
address@hidden @math{D1}
address@hidden @math{D_1}
+and
address@hidden @math{D2}
address@hidden @math{D_2}
+are added, the corresponding decibel level ``sum'' will be
@ifnottex
@example
@@ -28338,7 +28338,7 @@
@noindent
if a field quantity is multiplied by @math{N} the corresponding decibel level
-will be
+will be
@ifnottex
@example
@@ -28375,31 +28375,31 @@
Scientific pitch notation refers to a note by giving a letter
A through G, possibly followed by a flat or sharp) with a subscript
indicating an octave number. Each octave starts with C and ends with
-B and
+B and
@c increasing each note by a semitone will result
@c in the sequence @expr{C}, @expr{C} sharp, @expr{D}, @expr{E} flat, @expr{E},
@c @expr{F}, @expr{F} sharp, @expr{G}, @expr{A} flat, @expr{A}, @expr{B}
address@hidden flat and @expr{B}.
address@hidden flat and @expr{B}.
the octave numbered 0 was chosen to correspond to the lowest
audible frequency. Using this system, middle C (about 261.625 Hz)
corresponds to the note @expr{C} in octave 4 and is denoted
@expr{C_4}. Any frequency can be described by giving a note plus an
offset in cents (where a cent is a ratio of frequencies so that a
-semitone consists of 100 cents).
+semitone consists of 100 cents).
The midi note number system assigns numbers to notes so that
@expr{C_(-1)} corresponds to the midi note number 0 and @expr{G_9}
corresponds to the midi note number 127. A midi controller can have
up to 128 keys and each midi note number from 0 to 127 corresponds to
-a possible key.
+a possible key.
@kindex l s
@pindex calc-spn
@tindex spn
The @kbd{l s} (@code{calc-spn}) address@hidden command converts either
a frequency or a midi number to scientific pitch notation. For
-example, @code{500 Hz} gets converted to
address@hidden + 21.3094853649 cents} and @code{84} to @code{C_6}.
+example, @code{500 Hz} gets converted to
address@hidden + 21.3094853649 cents} and @code{84} to @code{C_6}.
@kindex l m
@@ -28464,7 +28464,7 @@
the stack into a specified variable. It prompts you to enter the
name of the variable. If you press a single digit, the value is stored
immediately in one of the ``quick'' variables @code{q0} through
address@hidden Or you can enter any variable name.
address@hidden Or you can enter any variable name.
@kindex s t
@pindex calc-store-into
@@ -28554,12 +28554,12 @@
All the arithmetic stores accept the Inverse prefix to reverse the
order of the operands. If @expr{v} represents the contents of the
variable, and @expr{a} is the value drawn from the stack, then regular
address@hidden@kbd{s -}} assigns
address@hidden@kbd{s -}} assigns
@texline @math{v \coloneq v - a},
address@hidden @expr{v := v - a},
address@hidden @expr{v := v - a},
but @kbd{I s -} assigns
@texline @math{v \coloneq a - v}.
address@hidden @expr{v := a - v}.
address@hidden @expr{v := a - v}.
While @kbd{I s *} might seem pointless, it is
useful if matrix multiplication is involved. Actually, all the
arithmetic stores use formulas designed to behave usefully both
@@ -28668,7 +28668,7 @@
@kindex s k
@pindex calc-copy-special-constant
If one of the ``special constants'' is redefined (or undefined) so that
-it no longer has its magic property, the property can be restored with
+it no longer has its magic property, the property can be restored with
@kbd{s k} (@code{calc-copy-special-constant}). This command will prompt
for a special constant and a variable to store it in, and so a special
constant can be stored in any variable. Here, the special constant that
@@ -28850,7 +28850,7 @@
The @kbd{s i} (@code{calc-insert-variables}) command writes
the values of all Calc variables into a specified buffer.
The variables are written with the prefix @code{var-} in the form of
-Lisp @code{setq} commands
+Lisp @code{setq} commands
which store the values in string form. You can place these commands
in your Calc init file (or @file{.emacs}) if you wish, though in this case it
would be easier to use @kbd{s p @key{RET}}. (Note that @kbd{s i}
@@ -29159,9 +29159,9 @@
the same length); either or both may instead be interval forms. The
``z'' value must be a matrix with the same number of rows as elements
in ``x'', and the same number of columns as elements in ``y''. The
-result is a surface plot where
+result is a surface plot where
@texline @math{z_{ij}}
address@hidden @expr{z_ij}
address@hidden @expr{z_ij}
is the height of the point
at coordinate @expr{(x_i, y_j)} on the surface. The 3D graph will
be displayed from a certain default viewpoint; you can change this
@@ -29270,9 +29270,9 @@
values covered by all the curves ought to be roughly the same if
they are to look nice on the same graph.)
-For example, to plot
+For example, to plot
@texline @math{\sin n x}
address@hidden @expr{sin(n x)}
address@hidden @expr{sin(n x)}
for integers @expr{n}
from 1 to 5, you could use @kbd{v x} to create a vector of integers
(@expr{n}), then @kbd{V M '} or @kbd{V M $} to map @samp{sin(n x)}
@@ -29510,8 +29510,8 @@
The @kbd{g S} (@code{calc-graph-point-style}) command similarly turns
the symbols at the data points on or off, or sets the point style.
If you turn both lines and points off, the data points will show as
-tiny dots. If the ``y'' values being plotted contain error forms and
-the connecting lines are turned off, then this command will also turn
+tiny dots. If the ``y'' values being plotted contain error forms and
+the connecting lines are turned off, then this command will also turn
the error bars on or off.
@cindex @code{LineStyles} variable
@@ -29563,7 +29563,7 @@
picture of the graph composed of characters like @code{-} and @code{|}
to a buffer called @samp{*Gnuplot Trail*}, which Calc then displays.
The graph is made the same size as the Emacs screen, which on most
-dumb terminals will be
+dumb terminals will be
@texline @math{80\times24}
@infoline 80x24
characters. The graph is displayed in
@@ -29820,7 +29820,7 @@
@pindex calc-prepend-to-register
@pindex calc-append-to-register
@cindex Registers
-An alternative to killing and yanking stack entries is using
+An alternative to killing and yanking stack entries is using
registers in Calc. Saving stack entries in registers is like
saving text in normal Emacs registers; although, like Calc's kill
commands, register commands always operate on whole stack
@@ -29935,7 +29935,7 @@
would correctly split the line into two error forms.
@xref{Matrix Functions}, to see how to pull the matrix apart into its
-constituent rows and columns. (If it is a
+constituent rows and columns. (If it is a
@texline @math{1\times1}
@infoline 1x1
matrix, just hit @kbd{v u} (@code{calc-unpack}) twice.)
@@ -30273,7 +30273,7 @@
@key{INV GCD} computes the LCM (least common multiple) function.
address@hidden FACT} is the gamma function.
address@hidden FACT} is the gamma function.
@texline @math{\Gamma(x) = (x-1)!}.
@infoline @expr{gamma(x) = (x-1)!}.
@@ -30490,7 +30490,7 @@
@code{plain-tex-mode} and @code{context-mode}, C language for
@code{c-mode} and @code{c++-mode}, FORTRAN language for
@code{fortran-mode} and @code{f90-mode}, Pascal for @code{pascal-mode},
-and eqn for @code{nroff-mode} (@pxref{Customizing Calc}).
+and eqn for @code{nroff-mode} (@pxref{Customizing Calc}).
These can be overridden with Calc's mode
changing commands (@pxref{Mode Settings in Embedded Mode}). If no
suitable language is available, Calc will continue with its current language.
@@ -30670,13 +30670,13 @@
Plain formulas are preceded and followed by @samp{%%%} signs
by default. This notation has the advantage that the @samp{%}
-character begins a comment in @TeX{} and address@hidden, so if your formula is
+character begins a comment in @TeX{} and address@hidden, so if your formula is
embedded in a @TeX{} or address@hidden document its plain version will be
invisible in the final printed copy. Certain major modes have different
-delimiters to ensure that the ``plain'' version will be
-in a comment for those modes, also.
+delimiters to ensure that the ``plain'' version will be
+in a comment for those modes, also.
See @ref{Customizing Embedded Mode} to see how to change the ``plain''
-formula delimiters.
+formula delimiters.
There are several notations which Calc's parser for ``big''
formatted formulas can't yet recognize. In particular, it can't
@@ -31178,7 +31178,7 @@
on it in order to get it to notice the new annotation.
Two more mode-recording modes selectable by @kbd{m R} are available
-which are also available outside of Embedded mode.
+which are also available outside of Embedded mode.
(@pxref{General Mode Commands}.) They are @code{Save}, in which mode
settings are recorded permanently in your Calc init file (the file given
by the variable @code{calc-settings-file}, typically @file{~/.emacs.d/calc.el})
@@ -31195,11 +31195,11 @@
@noindent
You can modify Embedded mode's behavior by setting various Lisp
-variables described here. These variables are customizable
+variables described here. These variables are customizable
(@pxref{Customizing Calc}), or you can use @kbd{M-x set-variable}
or @kbd{M-x edit-options} to adjust a variable on the fly.
(Another possibility would be to use a file-local variable annotation at
-the end of the file;
+the end of the file;
@pxref{File Variables, , Local Variables in Files, emacs, the Emacs manual}.)
Many of the variables given mentioned here can be set to depend on the
major mode of the editing buffer (@pxref{Customizing Calc}).
@@ -31334,7 +31334,7 @@
annotation itself. But this is the string that is inserted before
the opening bracket when Calc adds an annotation on its own.
The default is @code{"% "}, but may be different for different major
-modes.
+modes.
@vindex calc-embedded-close-mode
The @code{calc-embedded-close-mode} variable is a string which
@@ -31459,7 +31459,7 @@
(If the command you give implies a function, the function will be saved,
and if the function has any display formats, those will be saved, but
not the other way around: Saving a function will not save any commands
-or key bindings associated with the function.)
+or key bindings associated with the function.)
@kindex Z E
@pindex calc-user-define-edit
@@ -31542,7 +31542,7 @@
@cindex Keyboard macros, editing
The @kbd{Z E} (@code{calc-user-define-edit}) command on a key that has
been defined by a keyboard macro tries to use the @code{edmacro} package
-edit the macro. Type @kbd{C-c C-c} to finish editing and update
+edit the macro. Type @kbd{C-c C-c} to finish editing and update
the definition stored on the key, or, to cancel the edit, kill the
buffer with @kbd{C-x k}.
The special characters @code{RET}, @code{LFD}, @code{TAB}, @code{SPC},
@@ -31552,7 +31552,7 @@
copied verbatim into the keyboard macro. Basically, the notation is the
same as is used in all of this manual's examples, except that the manual
takes some liberties with spaces: When we say @kbd{' [1 2 3] @key{RET}},
-we take it for granted that it is clear we really mean
+we take it for granted that it is clear we really mean
@kbd{' [1 @key{SPC} 2 @key{SPC} 3] @key{RET}}.
@kindex C-x * m
@@ -31823,7 +31823,7 @@
subsequent calculations.) This command allows your keyboard macros to
accept numbers or formulas as interactive input.
-As an example,
+As an example,
@kbd{2 @key{RET} "Power: " @key{RET} Z # 3 @key{RET} ^} will prompt for
input with ``Power: '' in the minibuffer, then return 2 to the provided
power. (The response to the prompt that's given, 3 in this example,
@@ -31900,7 +31900,7 @@
use the same name as the command name but without the @samp{calc-}
prefix. (If this is of the form @samp{User-m}, the hyphen is removed so
it won't be taken for a minus sign in algebraic formulas.)
-This is the name you will use if you want to enter your
+This is the name you will use if you want to enter your
new function in an algebraic formula. Suppose we enter @kbd{yow @key{RET}}.
Then the new function can be invoked by pushing two numbers on the
stack and typing @kbd{z m} or @kbd{x spam}, or by entering the algebraic
@@ -32695,7 +32695,7 @@
@end ignore
@tindex mysin
A somewhat limited sine function could be defined as follows, using the
-well-known Taylor series expansion for
+well-known Taylor series expansion for
@texline @math{\sin x}:
@infoline @samp{sin(x)}:
@@ -35241,7 +35241,7 @@
@end example
@noindent
-in your .emacs file.
+in your .emacs file.
(@xref{Key Bindings,,Customizing Key Bindings,emacs,
The GNU Emacs Manual}, for more information on binding keys.)
A convenient way to start Calc is with @kbd{C-x * *}; to make it equally
@@ -35269,7 +35269,7 @@
@defvar calc-settings-file
The variable @code{calc-settings-file} holds the file name in
which commands like @kbd{m m} and @kbd{Z P} store ``permanent''
-definitions.
+definitions.
If @code{calc-settings-file} is not your user init file (typically
@file{~/.emacs}) and if the variable @code{calc-loaded-settings-file} is
@code{nil}, then Calc will automatically load your settings file (if it
@@ -35314,7 +35314,7 @@
determine what language should be used. (This can be overridden using
Calc's mode changing commands, @xref{Mode Settings in Embedded Mode}.)
The variable @code{calc-language-alist} consists of a list of pairs of
-the form @code{(@var{MAJOR-MODE} . @var{LANGUAGE})}; for example,
+the form @code{(@var{MAJOR-MODE} . @var{LANGUAGE})}; for example,
@code{(latex-mode . latex)} is one such pair. If Calc embedded is
activated in a buffer whose major mode is @var{MAJOR-MODE}, it will set itself
to use the language @var{LANGUAGE}.
@@ -35342,7 +35342,7 @@
regular expression, and when activating embedded formulas with
@kbd{C-x * a}, it will tell Calc that what follows is a formula to be
activated. (Calc also uses other patterns to find formulas, such as
address@hidden>} and @samp{:=}.)
address@hidden>} and @samp{:=}.)
The default pattern is @code{"%Embed\n\\(% .*\n\\)*"}, which checks
for @samp{%Embed} followed by any number of lines beginning with
@@ -35367,7 +35367,7 @@
(texinfo-mode . "@@c Embed\n\\(@@c .*\n\\)*"))
@end example
Any major modes added to @code{calc-embedded-announce-formula-alist}
-should also be added to @code{calc-embedded-open-close-plain-alist}
+should also be added to @code{calc-embedded-open-close-plain-alist}
and @code{calc-embedded-open-close-mode-alist}.
@end defvar
@@ -35378,7 +35378,7 @@
The variables @code{calc-embedded-open-formula} and
@code{calc-embedded-close-formula} control the region that Calc will
activate as a formula when Embedded mode is entered with @kbd{C-x * e}.
-They are regular expressions;
+They are regular expressions;
Calc normally scans backward and forward in the buffer for the
nearest text matching these regular expressions to be the ``formula
delimiters''.
@@ -35403,7 +35403,7 @@
set @code{calc-embedded-open-formula} and
@code{calc-embedded-close-formula} to different regular
expressions depending on the major mode of the editing buffer.
-It consists of a list of lists of the form
+It consists of a list of lists of the form
@code{(@var{MAJOR-MODE} @var{OPEN-FORMULA-REGEXP}
@var{CLOSE-FORMULA-REGEXP})}, and its default value is
@code{nil}.
@@ -35422,7 +35422,7 @@
The variable @code{calc-embedded-word-regexp-alist} is used to
set @code{calc-embedded-word-regexp} to a different regular
expression depending on the major mode of the editing buffer.
-It consists of a list of lists of the form
+It consists of a list of lists of the form
@code{(@var{MAJOR-MODE} @var{WORD-REGEXP})}, and its default value is
@code{nil}.
@end defvar
@@ -35437,8 +35437,8 @@
expressions, because Calc must be able to write these string into a
buffer as well as to recognize them.
-The default string for @code{calc-embedded-open-plain} is
address@hidden"%%% "}, note the trailing space. The default string for
+The default string for @code{calc-embedded-open-plain} is
address@hidden"%%% "}, note the trailing space. The default string for
@code{calc-embedded-close-plain} is @code{" %%%\n"}, without
the trailing newline here, the first line of a Big mode formula
that followed might be shifted over with respect to the other lines.
@@ -35447,7 +35447,7 @@
set @code{calc-embedded-open-plain} and
@code{calc-embedded-close-plain} to different strings
depending on the major mode of the editing buffer.
-It consists of a list of lists of the form
+It consists of a list of lists of the form
@code{(@var{MAJOR-MODE} @var{OPEN-PLAIN-STRING}
@var{CLOSE-PLAIN-STRING})}, and its default value is
@example
@@ -35490,7 +35490,7 @@
set @code{calc-embedded-open-new-formula} and
@code{calc-embedded-close-new-formula} to different strings
depending on the major mode of the editing buffer.
-It consists of a list of lists of the form
+It consists of a list of lists of the form
@code{(@var{MAJOR-MODE} @var{OPEN-NEW-FORMULA-STRING}
@var{CLOSE-NEW-FORMULA-STRING})}, and its default value is
@code{nil}.
@@ -35508,7 +35508,7 @@
The default value of @code{calc-embedded-open-mode} is @code{"% "}
and the default value of @code{calc-embedded-close-mode} is
address@hidden"\n"}.
address@hidden"\n"}.
If you change the value of @code{calc-embedded-close-mode}, it is a good
idea still to end with a newline so that mode annotations will appear on
lines by themselves.
@@ -35517,7 +35517,7 @@
set @code{calc-embedded-open-mode} and
@code{calc-embedded-close-mode} to different strings
expressions depending on the major mode of the editing buffer.
-It consists of a list of lists of the form
+It consists of a list of lists of the form
@code{(@var{MAJOR-MODE} @var{OPEN-MODE-STRING}
@var{CLOSE-MODE-STRING})}, and its default value is
@example
@@ -35548,7 +35548,7 @@
The default value of @code{calc-lu-power-reference} is @code{"mW"}
and the default value of @code{calc-lu-field-reference} is
address@hidden"20 uPa"}.
address@hidden"20 uPa"}.
@end defvar
@defvar calc-note-threshold
@@ -35564,15 +35564,15 @@
@defvarx calc-selected-face
@defvarx calc-nonselected-face
See @ref{Displaying address@hidden
-The variable @code{calc-highlight-selections-with-faces}
+The variable @code{calc-highlight-selections-with-faces}
determines how selected sub-formulas are distinguished.
-If @code{calc-highlight-selections-with-faces} is nil, then
+If @code{calc-highlight-selections-with-faces} is nil, then
a selected sub-formula is distinguished either by changing every
character not part of the sub-formula with a dot or by changing every
-character in the sub-formula with a @samp{#} sign.
+character in the sub-formula with a @samp{#} sign.
If @code{calc-highlight-selections-with-faces} is t,
then a selected sub-formula is distinguished either by displaying the
-non-selected portion of the formula with @code{calc-nonselected-face}
+non-selected portion of the formula with @code{calc-nonselected-face}
or by displaying the selected sub-formula with
@code{calc-nonselected-face}.
@end defvar
@@ -36651,9 +36651,9 @@
@c 20
@item
-With a prefix argument of 1, take a single
+With a prefix argument of 1, take a single
@texline @address@hidden
address@hidden @address@hidden
address@hidden @address@hidden
matrix from the stack instead of two separate data vectors.
@c 21
@@ -36754,7 +36754,7 @@
@c 30
@item
-Editing occurs in a separate buffer. Press @kbd{C-c C-c} (or
+Editing occurs in a separate buffer. Press @kbd{C-c C-c} (or
@key{LFD}, or in some cases @key{RET}) to finish the edit, or kill the
buffer with @kbd{C-x k} to cancel the edit. The @key{LFD} key prevents
evaluation
of the result of the edit.
@@ -36854,7 +36854,7 @@
@item
The variable is replaced by the formula shown on the right. The
Inverse flag reverses the order of the operands, e.g., @kbd{I s - x}
-assigns
+assigns
@texline @math{x \coloneq a-x}.
@infoline @expr{x := a-x}.
=== modified file 'doc/misc/cc-mode.texi'
--- a/doc/misc/cc-mode.texi 2011-11-17 17:40:48 +0000
+++ b/doc/misc/cc-mode.texi 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -912,7 +912,7 @@
function beginnings or ends inside the current declaration scope, it
will search the enclosing scopes. If you want @ccmode to recognize
functions only at the top address@hidden was @ccmode{}'s
-behavior prior to version 5.32.}, set @code{c-defun-tatic} to
+behavior prior to version 5.32.}, set @code{c-defun-tactic} to
@code{t}.
These functions are analogous to the Emacs built-in commands
=== modified file 'doc/misc/faq.texi'
--- a/doc/misc/faq.texi 2011-11-17 17:40:48 +0000
+++ b/doc/misc/faq.texi 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@
files named @file{etc/refcards/@var{lang}-refcard.*}, where @var{lang}
is a two-letter code of the language. For example, the German version
of the reference card is in the files @file{etc/refcards/de-refcard.tex}
-and @file{etc/recards/de-refcard.pdf}.
+and @file{etc/refcards/de-refcard.pdf}.
@item
There are many other commands in Emacs for getting help and
=== modified file 'doc/misc/gnus.texi'
--- a/doc/misc/gnus.texi 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/doc/misc/gnus.texi 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -25471,7 +25471,7 @@
Write @code{spam-blackbox-register-routine} and
@code{spam-blackbox-unregister-routine} using the bogofilter
-register/unregister routines as a start, or other restister/unregister
+register/unregister routines as a start, or other register/unregister
routines more appropriate to Blackbox, if Blackbox can
register/unregister spam and ham.
=== modified file 'etc/NEWS.1-17'
--- a/etc/NEWS.1-17 2011-11-19 09:18:31 +0000
+++ b/etc/NEWS.1-17 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@
`help-form' is expected at all times to contain either `nil'
or an expression to be executed when C-h is typed (overriding
-teh definition of C-h as a command). `minibuffer-help-form'
+the definition of C-h as a command). `minibuffer-help-form'
can be used to provide a different default way of handling
C-h while in the minibuffer.
@@ -1870,7 +1870,7 @@
* The variable global-minor-modes is used to display
strings in the mode line of all buffers. It should be
- a list of elements thaht are conses whose cdrs are strings
+ a list of elements that are conses whose cdrs are strings
to be displayed. This complements the variable
minor-modes, which has the same effect but has a separate
value in each buffer.
=== modified file 'etc/NEWS.18'
--- a/etc/NEWS.18 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/etc/NEWS.18 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1303,7 +1303,7 @@
The default value of this variable is `nil', because usually it is
useful to have the uid of a file change according to who edited it
-last. I recommend thet this variable be left normally `nil' and
+last. I recommend that this variable be left normally `nil' and
changed with a local variables list in those particular files where
the uid needs to be preserved.
=== modified file 'etc/NEWS.19'
--- a/etc/NEWS.19 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/etc/NEWS.19 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -5484,7 +5484,7 @@
** M-x revert-buffer no longer offers to revert from a recent auto-save
file unless you give it a prefix argument. Otherwise it always
reverts from the real file regardless of whether there has been an
-auto-save since thenm. (Reverting from the auto-save file is no longer
+auto-save since then. (Reverting from the auto-save file is no longer
very useful now that the undo capacity is larger.)
** M-x recover-file no longer turns off Auto Save mode when it reads
=== modified file 'etc/THE-GNU-PROJECT'
--- a/etc/THE-GNU-PROJECT 2007-09-21 22:50:37 +0000
+++ b/etc/THE-GNU-PROJECT 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@
Those of us who value free software for freedom's sake will stay with
free software anyway. We will manage to get work done without the
patented features. But those who value free software because they
- expect it to be techically superior are likely to call it a failure
+ expect it to be technically superior are likely to call it a failure
when a patent holds it back. Thus, while it is useful to talk about the
practical effectiveness of the "cathedral" model of development (1),
and the reliability and power of some free software, we must not stop
=== modified file 'leim/quail/sgml-input.el'
--- a/leim/quail/sgml-input.el 2011-01-26 08:36:39 +0000
+++ b/leim/quail/sgml-input.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -916,7 +916,7 @@
("θ" ?\θ) ;; GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
("Θ" ?\Θ) ;; GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA
("&thetas;" ?\θ) ;; GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
- ("&thetasyLsymbol;" ?\ϑ) ;; GREEK THETA SYMBOL
+ ("ϑ" ?\ϑ) ;; GREEK THETA SYMBOL
("ϑ" ?\ϑ) ;; GREEK THETA SYMBOL
("&THgr;" ?\Θ) ;; GREEK CAPITAL LETTER THETA
("&thgr;" ?\θ) ;; GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
=== modified file 'lisp/allout.el'
--- a/lisp/allout.el 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/lisp/allout.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@
the comment-start string, with an '_' appended, for `allout-primary-bullet'.
String values are used as literals, not regular expressions, so
-do not escape any regulare-expression characters.
+do not escape any regular-expression characters.
Value t means to first check for assoc value in `allout-mode-leaders'
alist, then use comment-start string, if any, then use default (`.').
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/ede/generic.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/ede/generic.el 2011-11-19 09:18:31 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/ede/generic.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@
(defun ede-generic-new-autoloader (internal-name external-name
projectfile class)
"Add a new EDE Autoload instance for identifying a generic project.
-INTERNAL-NAME is a long name that identifies thsi project type.
+INTERNAL-NAME is a long name that identifies this project type.
EXTERNAL-NAME is a shorter human readable name to describe the project.
PROJECTFILE is a file name that identifies a project of this type to EDE, such
as
a Makefile, or SConstruct file.
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/ede/pconf.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/ede/pconf.el 2011-11-14 20:23:26 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/ede/pconf.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
(directory-file-name
(ede-subproject-relative-path sp
top-level-project-local)))))
(when (string= dir "./") (setq dir ""))
- ;; Use concat, because expand-file-name removes the relativeness.
+ ;; Use concat, because expand-file-name removes the relativity.
(concat dir "Makefile") )))))
;;
;; NOTE TO SELF. TURN THIS INTO THE OFFICIAL LIST
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/ede/project-am.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/ede/project-am.el 2011-11-15 17:37:37 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/ede/project-am.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
(progn (forward-line -1)
(end-of-line)
(insert "\n"))
- ;; If the above search fails, thats ok. We'd just want to be at
+ ;; If the above search fails, that's ok. We'd just want to be at
;; point-min anyway.
)
(makefile-insert-macro (car (cdr (cdr ntype))))))
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el 2011-11-15 17:37:37 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/analyze.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@
(defclass semantic-analyze-context-return (semantic-analyze-context)
() ; No extra data.
"Analysis class for return data.
-Return data methods identify the requred type by the return value
+Return data methods identify the required type by the return value
of the parent function.")
;;; METHODS
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/bovine/c.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/bovine/c.el 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/bovine/c.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -954,7 +954,7 @@
(nth 1 (car names)) ; name
"typedef"
(semantic-tag-type-members tag)
- ;; parent is just tbe name of what
+ ;; parent is just the name of what
;; is passed down as a tag.
(list
(semantic-tag-name
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/complete.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/complete.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/complete.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1478,7 +1478,7 @@
(tag (cdr nt))
(table (car nt))
)
- ;; If we fail to normalize, resete.
+ ;; If we fail to normalize, reset.
(when (not tag) (setq table rtable tag rtag))
;; Do the focus.
(let ((buf (or (semantic-tag-buffer tag)
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/db-javascript.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-javascript.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/db-javascript.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
(defmethod semanticdb-get-tags ((table semanticdb-table-javascript ))
"Return the list of tags belonging to TABLE."
- ;; NOTE: Omniscient databases probably don't want to keep large tabes
+ ;; NOTE: Omniscient databases probably don't want to keep large tables
;; lolly-gagging about. Keep internal Emacs tables empty and
;; refer to alternate databases when you need something.
semanticdb-javascript-tags)
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/edit.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
parent-tag (aref tmp 2))
;; We can calculate parse begin/end by checking
;; out what is in TAGS. The one near start is
- ;; always first. Make sure the reprase includes
+ ;; always first. Make sure the reparse includes
;; the `whitespace' around the snarfed tags.
;; Since cache-list is positioned properly, use it
;; to find that boundary.
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@
;; since that is how the multi-tag parser works. Grab
;; the reparse symbol from the first of the returned tags.
;;
- ;; Feb '06 - If repase-symbol is nil, then they are top level
+ ;; Feb '06 - If reparse-symbol is nil, then they are top level
;; tags. (I'm guessing.) Is this right?
(setq reparse-symbol
(semantic--tag-get-property (car (or tags cache-list))
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/fw.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/fw.el 2011-01-25 04:08:28 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/fw.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@
(defmacro semantic-exit-on-input (symbol &rest forms)
"Using SYMBOL as an argument to `throw', execute FORMS.
-If FORMS includes a call to `semantic-thow-on-input', then
+If FORMS includes a call to `semantic-throw-on-input', then
if a user presses any key during execution, this form macro
will exit with the value passed to `semantic-throw-on-input'.
If FORMS completes, then the return value is the same as `progn'."
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el 2011-11-15 17:37:37 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/scope.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
(miniscope (semantic-scope-cache "mini"))
ptag)
- ;; Find the next entry in the refereneced type for
+ ;; Find the next entry in the referenced type for
;; our function, and append to return list till our
;; returnlist is empty.
(while snlist
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/semantic/tag.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/semantic/tag.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/semantic/tag.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@
"Return a filename representation of TAG.
The default action is to return the `semantic-tag-name'.
Some languages do not use full filenames in their include statements.
-Override this method to translate the code represenation
+Override this method to translate the code representation
into a filename. (A relative filename if necessary.)
See `semantic-dependency-tag-file' to expand an include
=== modified file 'lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el'
--- a/lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el 2011-11-19 09:18:31 +0000
+++ b/lisp/cedet/srecode/document.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -698,7 +698,7 @@
(cdr (car al)))))
(setq al nil)))
(setq al (cdr al)))
- ;; add tailers to names which are obviously returning something.
+ ;; add trailers to names which are obviously returning something.
(if tailit
(progn
(setq al srecode-document-autocomment-return-last-alist)
=== modified file 'lisp/comint.el'
--- a/lisp/comint.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/comint.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1980,7 +1980,7 @@
;; The point should float after any insertion we do.
(saved-point (copy-marker (point) t)))
- ;; We temporarly remove any buffer narrowing, in case the
+ ;; We temporarily remove any buffer narrowing, in case the
;; process mark is outside of the restriction
(save-restriction
(widen)
=== modified file 'lisp/dframe.el'
--- a/lisp/dframe.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/dframe.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
;; c) If successful (your -frame variable has a value), call
;; timer setup if applicable.
;; your-frame-reposition- -- Function to call from after-create-hook to
-;; reposition your frame with `dframe-repsoition-frame'.
+;; reposition your frame with `dframe-reposition-frame'.
;; your-mode -- Set up the major mode of the buffer for your app.
;; Set these variables: dframe-track-mouse-function,
;; dframe-help-echo-function,
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@
(if timeout
(add-to-list 'dframe-client-functions fn)
(setq dframe-client-functions (delete fn dframe-client-functions)))
- ;; Now decided what to do about the timout.
+ ;; Now decided what to do about the timeout.
(if (or
;; We have a timer, restart the timer with the new time.
timeout
=== modified file 'lisp/emacs-lisp/avl-tree.el'
--- a/lisp/emacs-lisp/avl-tree.el 2011-05-27 22:58:29 +0000
+++ b/lisp/emacs-lisp/avl-tree.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
Return cons cell (SHRUNK . DATA), where SHRUNK is t if the
height of the tree has shrunk and nil otherwise, and DATA is
-the releted data."
+the related data."
(let ((br (avl-tree--node-branch root branch)))
(cond
;; DATA not in tree.
=== modified file 'lisp/emacs-lisp/elint.el'
--- a/lisp/emacs-lisp/elint.el 2011-11-19 09:18:31 +0000
+++ b/lisp/emacs-lisp/elint.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
Is measured in buffer-modified-ticks and is local in linted buffers.")
;; This is a minor optimization. It is local to every buffer, and so
-;; does not prevent recursive requirs. It does not list the requires
+;; does not prevent recursive requires. It does not list the requires
;; of requires.
(defvar elint-features nil
"List of all libraries this buffer has required, or that have been
provided.")
=== modified file 'lisp/emulation/viper-init.el'
--- a/lisp/emulation/viper-init.el 2011-01-25 04:08:28 +0000
+++ b/lisp/emulation/viper-init.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
(viper-deflocalvar viper-insert-diehard-minor-mode nil
"Minor mode that simulates Vi very closely.
-Not recommened, except for the novice user.")
+Not recommended, except for the novice user.")
(viper-deflocalvar viper-insert-kbd-minor-mode nil
"Minor mode for Ex command macros Insert state.
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@
:group 'viper-search)
(defcustom viper-search-scroll-threshold 2
- "*If search lands within this threshnold from the window top/bottom,
+ "*If search lands within this threshold from the window top/bottom,
the window will be scrolled up or down appropriately, to reveal context.
If you want Viper search to behave as usual in Vi, set this variable to a
negative number."
=== modified file 'lisp/erc/ChangeLog.01'
--- a/lisp/erc/ChangeLog.01 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/lisp/erc/ChangeLog.01 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
* erc.el 1.166:
* erc-insert-hook: Changed strategy completely, no start end parameters
any more.
- We narrow-to-region now, thats much cleaner.
+ We narrow-to-region now, that's much cleaner.
* rename erc-fill-region to erc-fill and change the autoload
** You'll probably need to restart Emacs
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
* Applied antifuchs/mhp patches, the latest on erc-help, unmodified
* New variable: erc-reuse-buffers default to t.
* Modified erc-generate-new-buffer-name to use it. it checks if server
and port are the same,
- then one can assume thats the same channel/query target again.
+ then one can assume that's the same channel/query target again.
2001-11-23 Mario Lang <address@hidden>
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@
* erc.el 1.104: only some code beautification
* erc-imenu.el 1.2:
- remove add-hook call, thats done in erc.el now for autoloadability
+ remove add-hook call, that's done in erc.el now for autoloadability
* erc.el 1.103: * Make erc-imenu autoloadable
=== modified file 'lisp/ezimage.el'
--- a/lisp/ezimage.el 2011-11-17 09:09:20 +0000
+++ b/lisp/ezimage.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
("[ ]" . ezimage-page)
("{+}" . ezimage-box-plus)
("{-}" . ezimage-box-minus)
- ;; Some vaguely representitive entries
+ ;; Some vaguely representative entries
("*" . ezimage-checkout)
("#" . ezimage-object)
("!" . ezimage-object-out-of-date)
=== modified file 'lisp/faces.el'
--- a/lisp/faces.el 2011-11-15 07:55:13 +0000
+++ b/lisp/faces.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1925,7 +1925,7 @@
(progn
;; Initialize faces from face spec and custom theme.
(face-spec-recalc face frame)
- ;; X resouces for the default face are applied during
+ ;; X resources for the default face are applied during
;; `x-create-frame'.
(and (not (eq face 'default)) window-system-p
(make-face-x-resource-internal face frame))
=== modified file 'lisp/follow.el'
--- a/lisp/follow.el 2011-11-19 09:18:31 +0000
+++ b/lisp/follow.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
;;
;; Almost like the real thing, except when the cursor ends up outside
;; the top or bottom... In our case however, we end up outside the
-;; window and hence we are recenterd. Should we let `recenter' handle
+;; window and hence we are recentered. Should we let `recenter' handle
;; the point position we would never leave the selected window. To do
;; it ourselves we would need to do our own redisplay, which is easier
;; said than done. (Why didn't I do a real display abstraction from
=== modified file 'lisp/font-lock.el'
--- a/lisp/font-lock.el 2011-11-11 10:04:08 +0000
+++ b/lisp/font-lock.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -981,7 +981,7 @@
;; rules one way and C code another. Neat!
;;
;; A further reason to use the fontification indirection feature is when the
-;; default syntactual fontification, or the default fontification in general,
+;; default syntactic fontification, or the default fontification in general,
;; is not flexible enough for a particular major mode. For example, perhaps
;; comments are just too hairy for `font-lock-fontify-syntactically-region' to
;; cope with. You need to write your own version of that function, e.g.,
=== modified file 'lisp/gnus/gnus-group.el'
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-group.el 2011-10-03 23:27:29 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-group.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1361,7 +1361,7 @@
; We list groups with unread articles
(and gnus-list-groups-with-ticked-articles
(cdr (assq 'tick (gnus-info-marks info))))
- ; And groups with tickeds
+ ; And groups with ticked articles
;; Check for permanent visibility.
(and gnus-permanently-visible-groups
(string-match gnus-permanently-visible-groups
=== modified file 'lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el'
--- a/lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el 2011-11-18 08:31:02 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/gnus-sum.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1657,7 +1657,7 @@
This variable is a list of FUNCTION or (REGEXP . FUNCTION). If item
is FUNCTION, FUNCTION will be apply to all newsgroups. If item is a
-\(REGEXP . FUNCTION), FUNCTION will be only apply to thes newsgroups
+\(REGEXP . FUNCTION), FUNCTION will be applied only to the newsgroups
whose names match REGEXP.
For example:
=== modified file 'lisp/gnus/message.el'
--- a/lisp/gnus/message.el 2011-11-17 09:09:20 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/message.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -7167,7 +7167,7 @@
(defun message-wash-subject (subject)
"Remove junk like \"Re:\", \"(fwd)\", etc. added to subject string SUBJECT.
-Previous forwarders, replyers, etc. may add it."
+Previous forwarders, repliers, etc. may add it."
(with-temp-buffer
(insert subject)
(goto-char (point-min))
=== modified file 'lisp/gnus/nntp.el'
--- a/lisp/gnus/nntp.el 2011-08-21 09:39:07 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/nntp.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1681,7 +1681,7 @@
;; for the first available article. Obviously, a client can
;; use that entry to avoid making unnecessary requests. The
;; only problem is for a client that assumes that the response
- ;; will always be within the requested ranage. For such a
+ ;; will always be within the requested range. For such a
;; client, we can get N copies of the same entry (one for each
;; XOVER command sent to the server).
=== modified file 'lisp/gnus/smime.el'
--- a/lisp/gnus/smime.el 2011-11-15 07:55:13 +0000
+++ b/lisp/gnus/smime.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
(defcustom smime-certificate-directory "~/Mail/certs/"
"*Directory containing other people's certificates.
It should contain files named to the X.509 hash of the certificate,
-and the files themself should be in PEM format."
+and the files themselves should be in PEM format."
;The S/MIME library provide simple functionality for fetching
;certificates into this directory, so there is no need to populate it
;manually.
=== modified file 'lisp/image-dired.el'
--- a/lisp/image-dired.el 2011-10-30 01:56:03 +0000
+++ b/lisp/image-dired.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
If non-nil, using `image-dired-next-line-and-display' and
`image-dired-previous-line-and-display' will leave a trail of thumbnail
images in the thumbnail buffer. If you enable this and want to clean
-the thumbnail buffer because it is filled with too many thumbmnails,
+the thumbnail buffer because it is filled with too many thumbnails,
just call `image-dired-display-thumb' to display only the image at point.
This value can be toggled using `image-dired-toggle-append-browsing'."
:type 'boolean
@@ -1605,7 +1605,7 @@
(setq thumb-name (image-dired-thumb-name curr-file))
;; If the user overrides the exist check, we must clear the
;; image cache so that if the user wants to display the
- ;; thumnail, it is not fetched from cache.
+ ;; thumbnail, it is not fetched from cache.
(if arg
(clear-image-cache))
(if (or (not (file-exists-p thumb-name))
@@ -2043,7 +2043,7 @@
files)))
(defun image-dired-display-next-thumbnail-original ()
- "In thubnail buffer, move to next thumbnail and display the image."
+ "In thumbnail buffer, move to next thumbnail and display the image."
(interactive)
(image-dired-forward-image)
(image-dired-display-thumbnail-original-image))
=== modified file 'lisp/info-xref.el'
--- a/lisp/info-xref.el 2011-11-18 08:31:02 +0000
+++ b/lisp/info-xref.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@
(unless (boundp 'viper-mode)
(setq viper-mode nil)) ;; avoid viper.el ask about viperizing
(unless (boundp 'gnus-registry-install)
- (setq gnus-registry-install nil)) ;; avoid gnus-registery.el querying
+ (setq gnus-registry-install nil)) ;; avoid gnus-registry.el querying
(mapatoms
(lambda (symbol)
=== modified file 'lisp/international/titdic-cnv.el'
--- a/lisp/international/titdic-cnv.el 2011-11-17 09:09:20 +0000
+++ b/lisp/international/titdic-cnv.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1179,7 +1179,7 @@
(setq tail (cdr tail)))))
(defun batch-miscdic-convert ()
- "Run `miscdic-convert' on the files remaing on the command line.
+ "Run `miscdic-convert' on the files remaining on the command line.
Use this from the command line, with `-batch';
it won't work in an interactive Emacs.
If there's an argument \"-dir\", the next argument specifies a directory
=== modified file 'lisp/language/thai-util.el'
--- a/lisp/language/thai-util.el 2011-01-25 04:08:28 +0000
+++ b/lisp/language/thai-util.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
(?ใ vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA MAI MUAN") ; 0xE3
(?ไ vowel-base "VOWEL SIGN SARA MAI MALAI") ; 0xE4
(?ๅ vowel-base "LAK KHANG YAO") ; 0xE5
- (?ๆ special "MAI YAMOK (repetion)") ; 0xE6
+ (?ๆ special "MAI YAMOK (repetition)") ; 0xE6
(?็ sign-upper "VOWEL SIGN MAI TAI KHU N/S-T") ; 0xE7
(?่ tone "TONE MAI EK N/S-T") ; 0xE8
(?้ tone "TONE MAI THO N/S-T") ; 0xE9
=== modified file 'lisp/loadhist.el'
--- a/lisp/loadhist.el 2011-11-17 09:09:20 +0000
+++ b/lisp/loadhist.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
font-lock-unfontify-region-function
kill-buffer-query-functions kill-emacs-query-functions
lisp-indent-function mouse-position-function
- redisplaylay-end-trigger-functions suspend-tty-functions
+ redisplay-end-trigger-functions suspend-tty-functions
temp-buffer-show-function window-scroll-functions
window-size-change-functions write-contents-functions
write-file-functions write-region-annotate-functions)
=== modified file 'lisp/mail/feedmail.el'
--- a/lisp/mail/feedmail.el 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/lisp/mail/feedmail.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@
(defcustom feedmail-ask-before-queue-reprompt "FQM: Please type q, i, d, or e;
or ? for help [%s]: "
- "A string which will be used for repompting after invalid input.
+ "A string which will be used for reprompting after invalid input.
If it contains a \"%s\", that will be replaced with the value of
`feedmail-ask-before-queue-default'."
:group 'feedmail-queue
=== modified file 'lisp/mpc.el'
--- a/lisp/mpc.el 2011-11-14 20:23:26 +0000
+++ b/lisp/mpc.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@
(defvar mpc--changed-selection)
(defun mpc-reorder (&optional nodeactivate)
- "Reorder entries based on thre currently active selections.
+ "Reorder entries based on the currently active selections.
I.e. split the current browser buffer into a first part containing the
entries included in the selection, then a separator, and then the entries
not included in the selection.
=== modified file 'lisp/net/tramp-cmds.el'
--- a/lisp/net/tramp-cmds.el 2011-07-14 01:40:30 +0000
+++ b/lisp/net/tramp-cmds.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
;;; Commentary:
-;; This package provides all interactive commands which are releated
+;; This package provides all interactive commands which are related
;; to Tramp.
;;; Code:
=== modified file 'lisp/net/tramp-gw.el'
--- a/lisp/net/tramp-gw.el 2011-01-25 04:08:28 +0000
+++ b/lisp/net/tramp-gw.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@
(tramp-file-name-host gw-vec)))
;; Declare the SOCKS server to be used.
(socks-server
- (list "Tramp tempory socks server list"
+ (list "Tramp temporary socks server list"
;; Host name.
(tramp-file-name-real-host gw-vec)
;; Port number.
=== modified file 'lisp/net/tramp-sh.el'
--- a/lisp/net/tramp-sh.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/net/tramp-sh.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -4905,7 +4905,7 @@
(defun tramp-get-inline-coding (vec prop size)
"Return the coding command related to PROP.
-PROP is either `remote-encoding', `remode-decoding',
+PROP is either `remote-encoding', `remote-decoding',
`local-encoding' or `local-decoding'.
SIZE is the length of the file to be coded. Depending on SIZE,
=== modified file 'lisp/notifications.el'
--- a/lisp/notifications.el 2011-10-24 08:02:02 +0000
+++ b/lisp/notifications.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
only URI schema supported right now) or a name
in a freedesktop.org-compliant icon theme.
:sound-file The path to a sound file to play when the notification pops
up.
- :sound-name A themeable named sound from the freedesktop.org sound naming
+ :sound-name A themable named sound from the freedesktop.org sound naming
specification to play when the notification pops up.
Similar to icon-name,only for sounds. An example would
be \"message-new-instant\".
=== modified file 'lisp/org/org-capture.el'
--- a/lisp/org/org-capture.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/org/org-capture.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1449,7 +1449,7 @@
(goto-char (point-min))
(while (looking-at "[ \t]*\n") (replace-match ""))
(if (re-search-forward "[ \t\n]*\\'" nil t) (replace-match "\n"))
- ;; Return the expanded tempate and kill the temporary buffer
+ ;; Return the expanded template and kill the temporary buffer
(untabify (point-min) (point-max))
(set-buffer-modified-p nil)
(prog1 (buffer-string) (kill-buffer (current-buffer))))))
=== modified file 'lisp/org/org-list.el'
--- a/lisp/org/org-list.el 2011-11-17 17:40:48 +0000
+++ b/lisp/org/org-list.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -3008,7 +3008,7 @@
Alternatively, each parameter can also be a form returning
a string. These sexp can use keywords `counter' and `depth',
-reprensenting respectively counter associated to the current
+representing respectively counter associated to the current
item, and depth of the current sub-list, starting at 0.
Obviously, `counter' is only available for parameters applying to
items."
=== modified file 'lisp/org/org-table.el'
--- a/lisp/org/org-table.el 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/lisp/org/org-table.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -2641,7 +2641,7 @@
(prog1 (org-trim (org-table-get-field c1))
(if highlight (org-table-highlight-rectangle (point) (point)))))
;; A range, return a vector
- ;; First sort the numbers to get a regular ractangle
+ ;; First sort the numbers to get a regular rectangle
(if (< r2 r1) (setq tmp r1 r1 r2 r2 tmp))
(if (< c2 c1) (setq tmp c1 c1 c2 c2 tmp))
(if corners-only
=== modified file 'lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el'
--- a/lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@
((eq sym 'while)
;; Is this a real while, or a do-while?
;; The next `when' triggers unless we are SURE that
- ;; the `while' is not the tailend of a `do-while'.
+ ;; the `while' is not the tail end of a `do-while'.
(when (or (not pptok)
(memq (char-after pptok) delims)
;; The following kludge is to prevent
@@ -9784,7 +9784,7 @@
(c-beginning-of-statement-1 containing-sexp)
(c-add-stmt-syntax 'statement nil t containing-sexp paren-state))
- ;;CASE 5N: We are at a tompmost continuation line and the only
+ ;;CASE 5N: We are at a topmost continuation line and the only
;;preceding items are annotations.
((and (c-major-mode-is 'java-mode)
(setq placeholder (point))
=== modified file 'lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el'
--- a/lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el 2011-11-19 09:18:31 +0000
+++ b/lisp/progmodes/cperl-mode.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1277,7 +1277,7 @@
"----"
["Ispell PODs" cperl-pod-spell
;; Better not to update syntaxification here:
- ;; debugging syntaxificatio can be broken by this???
+ ;; debugging syntaxification can be broken by this???
(or
(get-text-property (point-min) 'in-pod)
(< (progn
=== modified file 'lisp/ps-print.el'
--- a/lisp/ps-print.el 2011-09-20 10:18:55 +0000
+++ b/lisp/ps-print.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -5372,9 +5372,9 @@
KIND is a valid value of `ps-n-up-filling'.
XCOL YCOL are the relative position for the next column.
XLIN YLIN are the relative position for the beginning of next line.
-REPEAT is the number of repetions for external loop.
-END is the number of repetions for internal loop and also the number of pages
in
- a row.
+REPEAT is the number of repetitions for external loop.
+END is the number of repetitions for internal loop and also the number
+ of pages in a row.
XSTART YSTART are the relative position for the first page in a sheet.")
=== modified file 'lisp/startup.el'
--- a/lisp/startup.el 2011-11-14 06:27:12 +0000
+++ b/lisp/startup.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@
(normal-erase-is-backspace-setup-frame)
;; Register default TTY colors for the case the terminal hasn't a
- ;; terminal init file. We do this regardles of whether the terminal
+ ;; terminal init file. We do this regardless of whether the terminal
;; supports colors or not and regardless the current display type,
;; since users can connect to color-capable terminals and also
;; switch color support on or off in mid-session by setting the
=== modified file 'lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el'
--- a/lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el 2011-11-19 09:18:31 +0000
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/reftex-cite.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
(get 'reftex-default-bibliography :reftex-expanded))
(defun reftex-bib-or-thebib ()
- ;; Tests if BibTeX or \begin{tehbibliography} should be used for the
+ ;; Tests if BibTeX or \begin{thebibliography} should be used for the
;; citation
;; Find the bof of the current file
(let* ((docstruct (symbol-value reftex-docstruct-symbol))
=== modified file 'lisp/thumbs.el'
--- a/lisp/thumbs.el 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/lisp/thumbs.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@
(setq dirsize (- dirsize (car (cdar files-list))))
(setq files-list (cdr files-list)))))
-;; Check the thumbsnail directory size and clean it if necessary.
+;; Check the thumbnail directory size and clean it if necessary.
(when thumbs-thumbsdir-auto-clean
(thumbs-cleanup-thumbsdir))
=== modified file 'lisp/vc/ediff-mult.el'
--- a/lisp/vc/ediff-mult.el 2011-02-12 23:40:43 +0000
+++ b/lisp/vc/ediff-mult.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -2164,7 +2164,7 @@
;; If meta-buf doesn't exist, it is created. In that case, id doesn't have a
;; parent meta-buf
;; Check if META-BUF exists before calling this function
-;; Optional MUST-REDRAW, if non-nil, would force redrawal of the whole meta
+;; Optional MUST-REDRAW, if non-nil, would force redrawing of the whole meta
;; buffer. Otherwise, it will just go over the buffer and update activity
marks
;; and session status.
;; SESSION-NUMBER, if specified, says which session caused the update.
=== modified file 'lisp/vc/vc-dispatcher.el'
--- a/lisp/vc/vc-dispatcher.el 2011-10-10 17:52:03 +0000
+++ b/lisp/vc/vc-dispatcher.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
;;
;; When the client mode adds a local vc-mode-line-hook to a buffer, it
;; will be called with the buffer file name as argument whenever the
-;; dispatcher resynchs the buffer.
+;; dispatcher resyncs the buffer.
;; To do:
;;
=== modified file 'lisp/vc/vc.el'
--- a/lisp/vc/vc.el 2011-10-20 21:01:45 +0000
+++ b/lisp/vc/vc.el 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -2690,7 +2690,7 @@
(substring rev 0 index))))
(defun vc-default-responsible-p (backend file)
- "Indicate whether BACKEND is reponsible for FILE.
+ "Indicate whether BACKEND is responsible for FILE.
The default is to return nil always."
nil)
=== modified file 'lwlib/xlwmenu.c'
--- a/lwlib/xlwmenu.c 2011-11-18 08:31:02 +0000
+++ b/lwlib/xlwmenu.c 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
<KeyUp>: key()\n\
";
-/* FIXME: Space should toggle toggleable menu item but not remove the menu
+/* FIXME: Space should toggle togglable menu item but not remove the menu
so you can toggle the next one without entering the menu again. */
/* FIXME: Should ESC close one level of menu structure or the complete menu?
*/
=== modified file 'src/ChangeLog.11'
--- a/src/ChangeLog.11 2011-11-20 03:48:53 +0000
+++ b/src/ChangeLog.11 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -7199,7 +7199,7 @@
2010-06-27 Chong Yidong <address@hidden>
- * xfns.c (Fx_create_frame): Don't consult X resouces when setting
+ * xfns.c (Fx_create_frame): Don't consult X resources when setting
menu-bar-lines and tool-bar-lines. Use menu-bar-mode and
tool-bar-mode, which are now set using these X resources at
startup, to determine the defaults (Bug#2249).
@@ -29136,7 +29136,7 @@
* lisp.h (defvar_per_buffer, DEFVAR_PER_BUFFER):
* lread.c (defvar_per_buffer):
- * abbrev.c (syms_of_abbrev) <local-abbrev-tabl>: Move to buffer.c.
+ * abbrev.c (syms_of_abbrev) <local-abbrev-table>: Move to buffer.c.
* window.c (candidate_window_p): Only consider as visible frames that
are on the same terminal.
=== modified file 'src/ccl.c'
--- a/src/ccl.c 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/src/ccl.c 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@
: (charset = CHARSET_FROM_ID ((id)), DECODE_CHAR (charset, (code))))
/* Encode character C by some of charsets in CHARSET_LIST. Set ID to
- the id of the used charset, ENCODED to the resulf of encoding.
+ the id of the used charset, ENCODED to the result of encoding.
Assume that we can use the variable `charset'. */
#define CCL_ENCODE_CHAR(c, charset_list, id, encoded) \
=== modified file 'src/fontset.c'
--- a/src/fontset.c 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/src/fontset.c 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -905,7 +905,7 @@
/* Return ID of face suitable for displaying character C on frame F.
- FACE must be reazlied for ASCII characters in advance. Called from
+ FACE must be realized for ASCII characters in advance. Called from
the macro FACE_FOR_CHAR. */
int
=== modified file 'src/gtkutil.c'
--- a/src/gtkutil.c 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/src/gtkutil.c 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -2363,7 +2363,7 @@
HIGHLIGHT_CB is the callback to call when entering/leaving menu items.
POP_UP_P is non-zero if we shall create a popup menu.
MENU_BAR_P is non-zero if we shall create a menu bar.
- ADD_TEAROFF_P is non-zero if we shall add a teroff menu item. Ignored
+ ADD_TEAROFF_P is non-zero if we shall add a tearoff menu item. Ignored
if MENU_BAR_P is non-zero.
TOPMENU is the topmost GtkWidget that others shall be placed under.
It may be NULL, in that case we create the appropriate widget
=== modified file 'src/sound.c'
--- a/src/sound.c 2011-11-14 23:59:56 +0000
+++ b/src/sound.c 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@
read from the start of a sound file. */
char *header;
- /* Number of bytes raed from sound file. This is always <=
+ /* Number of bytes read from sound file. This is always <=
MAX_SOUND_HEADER_BYTES. */
int header_size;
=== modified file 'src/sysdep.c'
--- a/src/sysdep.c 2011-10-25 04:27:47 +0000
+++ b/src/sysdep.c 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -1663,7 +1663,7 @@
sys_siglist[SIGQUIT] = "Quit";
# endif
# ifdef SIGRETRACT
- sys_siglist[SIGRETRACT] = "Need to relinguish monitor mode";
+ sys_siglist[SIGRETRACT] = "Need to relinquish monitor mode";
# endif
# ifdef SIGSAK
sys_siglist[SIGSAK] = "Secure attention";
=== modified file 'src/xfns.c'
--- a/src/xfns.c 2011-11-20 02:29:42 +0000
+++ b/src/xfns.c 2011-11-20 07:30:16 +0000
@@ -5914,7 +5914,7 @@
x_gtk_whole_detached_tool_bar = 0;
DEFVAR_BOOL ("x-gtk-use-system-tooltips", x_gtk_use_system_tooltips,
- doc: /* *If non-nil with a Gtk+ built Emacs, the Gtk+ toolip is used.
+ doc: /* *If non-nil with a Gtk+ built Emacs, the Gtk+ tooltip is used.
Otherwise use Emacs own tooltip implementation.
When using Gtk+ tooltips, the tooltip face is not used. */);
x_gtk_use_system_tooltips = 1;
| [Prev in Thread] |
Current Thread |
[Next in Thread] |
- [Emacs-diffs] /srv/bzr/emacs/trunk r106446: Spelling fixes.,
Paul Eggert <=