Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v3 3/5] tests: introduce "uefi-test-tools" with the BiosTablesTest UEFI app

[Philippe Mathieu-Daudé]

On 2/4/19 5:03 PM, Laszlo Ersek wrote:
> The "bios-tables-test" program in QEMU's test suite locates the RSD PTR
> ACPI table in guest RAM, and (chasing pointers to other ACPI tables)
> performs various sanity checks on the QEMU-generated and
> firmware-installed tables.
> 
> Currently this set of test cases doesn't work with UEFI guests. The ACPI
> spec defines distinct methods for OSPM to locate the RSD PTR on
> traditional BIOS vs. UEFI platforms, and the UEFI method is more difficult
> to implement from the hypervisor side with just raw guest memory access.
> 
> Add a UEFI application (to be booted in the UEFI guest) that populates a
> small, MB-aligned structure in guest RAM. The structure begins with a
> signature GUID. The hypervisor should loop over all MB-aligned pages in
> guest RAM until one matches the signature GUID at offset 0, at which point
> the hypervisor can fetch the RSDP address field(s) from the structure.
> 
> QEMU's test logic currently spins on a pre-determined guest address, until
> that address assumes a magic value. The method described in this patch is
> conceptually the same ("busy loop until match is found"), except there is
> no hard-coded address. This plays a lot more nicely with UEFI guest
> firmware (we'll be able to use the normal page allocation UEFI service).
> Given the size of EFI_GUID (16 bytes -- 128 bits), mismatches should be
> astronomically unlikely. In addition, given the typical guest RAM size for
> such tests (128 MB), there are 128 locations to check in one iteration of
> the "outer" loop, which shouldn't introduce an intolerable delay after the
> guest stores the RSDP address(es), and then the GUID.
> 
> The GUID that the hypervisor should search for is
> 
>   AB87A6B1-2034-BDA0-71BD-375007757785
> 
> Expressed as a byte array:
> 
>  {
>    0xb1, 0xa6, 0x87, 0xab,
>    0x34, 0x20,
>    0xa0, 0xbd,
>    0x71, 0xbd, 0x37, 0x50, 0x07, 0x75, 0x77, 0x85
>  }
> 
> Note that in the patch, we define "gBiosTablesTestGuid" with all bits
> inverted. This is a simple method to prevent the UEFI binary, which
> incorporates "gBiosTablesTestGuid", from matching the actual GUID in guest
> RAM.
> 
> The UEFI application is written against the edk2 framework, which was
> introduced earlier as a git submodule. The next patch will provide build
> scripts for maintainers.
> 
> The source code follows the edk2 coding style, and is licensed under the
> 2-clause BSDL (in case someone would like to include UefiTestToolsPkg
> content in a different edk2 platform).
> 
> The "UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc" platform description file resolves the used
> edk2 library classes to instances (= library implementations) such that
> the UEFI binaries inherit no platform dependencies. They are expected to
> run on any system that conforms to the UEFI-2.3.1 spec (which was released
> in 2012). The arch-specific build options are carried over from edk2's
> ArmVirtPkg and OvmfPkg platforms.
> 
> Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <address@hidden>
> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <address@hidden>
> Cc: Gerd Hoffmann <address@hidden>
> Cc: Igor Mammedov <address@hidden>
> Cc: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <address@hidden>
> Cc: Shannon Zhao <address@hidden>
> Signed-off-by: Laszlo Ersek <address@hidden>

Reviewed here,
https://www.mail-archive.com/address@hidden/msg592330.html
So:
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <address@hidden>

I simply checked it builds smoothly, no BiosTables test run:
Tested-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <address@hidden>

> ---
> 
> Notes:
>     v3:
>     - no change
>     
>     v2:
>     - no change
>     
>     v1:
>     - If that's necessary, I'd be glad to be designated as Maintainer or
>       Reviewer in "MAINTAINERS" for "tests/uefi-test-tools/", I just
>       couldn't figure out under what subsystem I should add the magic lines.
>       "MAINTAINERS" needs a Table of Contents! :)
> 
>  tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec              |  
> 27 ++++
>  tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc              |  
> 69 +++++++++++
>  tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf |  
> 41 ++++++
>  tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h     |  
> 67 ++++++++++
>  tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c   | 
> 130 ++++++++++++++++++++
>  tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE                                            |  
> 25 ++++
>  6 files changed, 359 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec 
> b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..ed3a2fe11084
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec
> @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
> +## @file
> +# edk2 package declaration for the test helper UEFI applications that run in
> +# guests.
> +#
> +# Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
> +#
> +# This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available
> +# under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this
> +# distribution. The full text of the license may be found at
> +# <http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php>.
> +#
> +# THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, 
> WITHOUT
> +# WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
> +##
> +
> +[Defines]
> +  DEC_SPECIFICATION = 1.27
> +  PACKAGE_NAME      = UefiTestToolsPkg
> +  PACKAGE_GUID      = 7b3f1794-0c85-4b27-a536-44dbf0b0669c
> +  PACKAGE_VERSION   = 0.1
> +
> +[Includes]
> +  Include
> +
> +[Guids]
> +  gBiosTablesTestGuid = {0x5478594e, 0xdfcb, 0x425f, {0x8e, 0x42, 0xc8, 
> 0xaf, 0xf8, 0x8a, 0x88, 0x7a}}
> +
> diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc 
> b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..c8511cd732bc
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dsc
> @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
> +## @file
> +# edk2 platform description for the test helper UEFI applications that run in
> +# guests.
> +#
> +# Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
> +#
> +# This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available
> +# under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this
> +# distribution. The full text of the license may be found at
> +# <http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php>.
> +#
> +# THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, 
> WITHOUT
> +# WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
> +##
> +
> +[Defines]
> +  DSC_SPECIFICATION       = 1.28
> +  PLATFORM_GUID           = 6750ccc1-8365-49f0-8437-948e516a9f55
> +  PLATFORM_VERSION        = 0.1
> +  PLATFORM_NAME           = UefiTestTools
> +  SKUID_IDENTIFIER        = DEFAULT
> +  SUPPORTED_ARCHITECTURES = ARM|AARCH64|IA32|X64
> +  BUILD_TARGETS           = DEBUG
> +
> +[BuildOptions.IA32]
> +  GCC:*_*_IA32_CC_FLAGS = -mno-mmx -mno-sse
> +
> +[BuildOptions.X64]
> +  GCC:*_*_X64_CC_FLAGS = -mno-mmx -mno-sse
> +
> +[BuildOptions.ARM.EDKII.UEFI_APPLICATION]
> +  GCC:*_*_ARM_DLINK_FLAGS = -z common-page-size=0x1000
> +
> +[BuildOptions.AARCH64.EDKII.UEFI_APPLICATION]
> +  GCC:*_*_AARCH64_DLINK_FLAGS = -z common-page-size=0x1000
> +
> +[BuildOptions]
> +  GCC:*_*_*_CC_FLAGS = -D DISABLE_NEW_DEPRECATED_INTERFACES
> +
> +[SkuIds]
> +  0|DEFAULT
> +
> +[LibraryClasses]
> +  BaseLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseLib/BaseLib.inf
> +  DebugLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiDebugLibConOut/UefiDebugLibConOut.inf
> +  
> DebugPrintErrorLevelLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseDebugPrintErrorLevelLib/BaseDebugPrintErrorLevelLib.inf
> +  
> DevicePathLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiDevicePathLibDevicePathProtocol/UefiDevicePathLibDevicePathProtocol.inf
> +  
> MemoryAllocationLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiMemoryAllocationLib/UefiMemoryAllocationLib.inf
> +  PcdLib|MdePkg/Library/BasePcdLibNull/BasePcdLibNull.inf
> +  PrintLib|MdePkg/Library/BasePrintLib/BasePrintLib.inf
> +  
> UefiApplicationEntryPoint|MdePkg/Library/UefiApplicationEntryPoint/UefiApplicationEntryPoint.inf
> +  
> UefiBootServicesTableLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiBootServicesTableLib/UefiBootServicesTableLib.inf
> +  UefiLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiLib/UefiLib.inf
> +  
> UefiRuntimeServicesTableLib|MdePkg/Library/UefiRuntimeServicesTableLib/UefiRuntimeServicesTableLib.inf
> +
> +[LibraryClasses.ARM, LibraryClasses.AARCH64]
> +  BaseMemoryLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseMemoryLibOptDxe/BaseMemoryLibOptDxe.inf
> +  NULL|ArmPkg/Library/CompilerIntrinsicsLib/CompilerIntrinsicsLib.inf
> +  NULL|MdePkg/Library/BaseStackCheckLib/BaseStackCheckLib.inf
> +
> +[LibraryClasses.IA32, LibraryClasses.X64]
> +  BaseMemoryLib|MdePkg/Library/BaseMemoryLibRepStr/BaseMemoryLibRepStr.inf
> +
> +[PcdsFixedAtBuild]
> +  gEfiMdePkgTokenSpaceGuid.PcdDebugPrintErrorLevel|0x8040004F
> +  gEfiMdePkgTokenSpaceGuid.PcdDebugPropertyMask|0x2F
> +
> +[Components]
> +  UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf
> diff --git 
> a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf 
> b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..924d8a80d00b
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.inf
> @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
> +## @file
> +# Populate the BIOS_TABLES_TEST structure.
> +#
> +# Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
> +#
> +# This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available
> +# under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this
> +# distribution. The full text of the license may be found at
> +# <http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php>.
> +#
> +# THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, 
> WITHOUT
> +# WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
> +##
> +
> +[Defines]
> +  INF_VERSION                = 1.27
> +  BASE_NAME                  = BiosTablesTest
> +  UEFI_SPECIFICATION_VERSION = 2.31
> +  FILE_GUID                  = 87f00433-3b7c-45c3-ae78-a56495bd4e62
> +  MODULE_TYPE                = UEFI_APPLICATION
> +  ENTRY_POINT                = BiosTablesTestMain
> +
> +[Sources]
> +  BiosTablesTest.c
> +
> +[LibraryClasses]
> +  BaseLib
> +  BaseMemoryLib
> +  MemoryAllocationLib
> +  UefiApplicationEntryPoint
> +  UefiBootServicesTableLib
> +  UefiLib
> +
> +[Guids]
> +  gBiosTablesTestGuid
> +  gEfiAcpi10TableGuid
> +  gEfiAcpi20TableGuid
> +
> +[Packages]
> +  MdePkg/MdePkg.dec
> +  UefiTestToolsPkg/UefiTestToolsPkg.dec
> diff --git 
> a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h 
> b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..0b72c61254af
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/Include/Guid/BiosTablesTest.h
> @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
> +/** @file
> +  Expose the address(es) of the ACPI RSD PTR table(s) in a MB-aligned 
> structure
> +  to the hypervisor.
> +
> +  The hypervisor locates the MB-aligned structure based on the signature GUID
> +  that is at offset 0 in the structure. Once the RSD PTR address(es) are
> +  retrieved, the hypervisor may perform various ACPI checks.
> +
> +  This feature is a development aid, for supporting ACPI table unit tests in
> +  hypervisors. Do not enable in production builds.
> +
> +  Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
> +
> +  This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available
> +  under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this
> +  distribution. The full text of the license may be found at
> +  <http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php>.
> +
> +  THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, 
> WITHOUT
> +  WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
> +**/
> +
> +#ifndef __BIOS_TABLES_TEST_H__
> +#define __BIOS_TABLES_TEST_H__
> +
> +#include <Uefi/UefiBaseType.h>
> +
> +#define BIOS_TABLES_TEST_GUID                          \
> +  {                                                    \
> +    0x5478594e,                                        \
> +    0xdfcb,                                            \
> +    0x425f,                                            \
> +    { 0x8e, 0x42, 0xc8, 0xaf, 0xf8, 0x8a, 0x88, 0x7a } \
> +  }
> +
> +extern EFI_GUID gBiosTablesTestGuid;
> +
> +//
> +// The following structure must be allocated in Boot Services Data type 
> memory,
> +// aligned at a 1MB boundary.
> +//
> +#pragma pack (1)
> +typedef struct {
> +  //
> +  // The signature GUID is written to the MB-aligned structure from
> +  // gBiosTablesTestGuid, but with all bits inverted. That's the actual GUID
> +  // value that the hypervisor should look for at each MB boundary, looping
> +  // over all guest RAM pages with that alignment, until a match is found. 
> The
> +  // bit-flipping occurs in order not to store the actual GUID in any UEFI
> +  // executable, which might confuse guest memory analysis. Note that 
> EFI_GUID
> +  // has little endian representation.
> +  //
> +  EFI_GUID             InverseSignatureGuid;
> +  //
> +  // The Rsdp10 and Rsdp20 fields may be read when the signature GUID 
> matches.
> +  // Rsdp10 is the guest-physical address of the ACPI 1.0 specification RSD 
> PTR
> +  // table, in 8-byte little endian representation. Rsdp20 is the same, for 
> the
> +  // ACPI 2.0 or later specification RSD PTR table. Each of these fields may 
> be
> +  // zero (independently of the other) if the UEFI System Table does not
> +  // provide the corresponding UEFI Configuration Table.
> +  //
> +  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS Rsdp10;
> +  EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS Rsdp20;
> +} BIOS_TABLES_TEST;
> +#pragma pack ()
> +
> +#endif // __BIOS_TABLES_TEST_H__
> diff --git 
> a/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c 
> b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..b208e17fb00f
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/UefiTestToolsPkg/BiosTablesTest/BiosTablesTest.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
> +/** @file
> +  Populate the BIOS_TABLES_TEST structure.
> +
> +  Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
> +
> +  This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available
> +  under the terms and conditions of the BSD License that accompanies this
> +  distribution. The full text of the license may be found at
> +  <http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php>.
> +
> +  THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, 
> WITHOUT
> +  WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
> +**/
> +
> +#include <Guid/Acpi.h>
> +#include <Guid/BiosTablesTest.h>
> +#include <Library/BaseLib.h>
> +#include <Library/BaseMemoryLib.h>
> +#include <Library/MemoryAllocationLib.h>
> +#include <Library/UefiBootServicesTableLib.h>
> +#include <Library/UefiLib.h>
> +
> +/**
> +  Wait for a keypress with a message that the application is about to exit.
> +**/
> +STATIC
> +VOID
> +WaitForExitKeyPress (
> +  VOID
> +  )
> +{
> +  EFI_STATUS    Status;
> +  UINTN         Idx;
> +  EFI_INPUT_KEY Key;
> +
> +  if (gST->ConIn == NULL) {
> +    return;
> +  }
> +  AsciiPrint ("%a: press any key to exit\n", gEfiCallerBaseName);
> +  Status = gBS->WaitForEvent (1, &gST->ConIn->WaitForKey, &Idx);
> +  if (EFI_ERROR (Status)) {
> +    return;
> +  }
> +  gST->ConIn->ReadKeyStroke (gST->ConIn, &Key);
> +}
> +
> +EFI_STATUS
> +EFIAPI
> +BiosTablesTestMain (
> +  IN EFI_HANDLE       ImageHandle,
> +  IN EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable
> +  )
> +{
> +  VOID                          *Pages;
> +  volatile BIOS_TABLES_TEST     *BiosTablesTest;
> +  CONST VOID                    *Rsdp10;
> +  CONST VOID                    *Rsdp20;
> +  CONST EFI_CONFIGURATION_TABLE *ConfigTable;
> +  CONST EFI_CONFIGURATION_TABLE *ConfigTablesEnd;
> +  volatile EFI_GUID             *InverseSignature;
> +  UINTN                         Idx;
> +
> +  Pages = AllocateAlignedPages (EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES (sizeof *BiosTablesTest),
> +            SIZE_1MB);
> +  if (Pages == NULL) {
> +    AsciiErrorPrint ("%a: AllocateAlignedPages() failed\n",
> +      gEfiCallerBaseName);
> +    //
> +    // Assuming the application was launched by the boot manager as a boot
> +    // loader, exiting with error will cause the boot manager to proceed with
> +    // the remaining boot options. If there are no other boot options, the 
> boot
> +    // manager menu will be pulled up. Give the user a chance to read the 
> error
> +    // message.
> +    //
> +    WaitForExitKeyPress ();
> +    return EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES;
> +  }
> +
> +  //
> +  // Locate both gEfiAcpi10TableGuid and gEfiAcpi20TableGuid config tables in
> +  // one go.
> +  //
> +  Rsdp10 = NULL;
> +  Rsdp20 = NULL;
> +  ConfigTable = gST->ConfigurationTable;
> +  ConfigTablesEnd = gST->ConfigurationTable + gST->NumberOfTableEntries;
> +  while ((Rsdp10 == NULL || Rsdp20 == NULL) && ConfigTable < 
> ConfigTablesEnd) {
> +    if (CompareGuid (&ConfigTable->VendorGuid, &gEfiAcpi10TableGuid)) {
> +      Rsdp10 = ConfigTable->VendorTable;
> +    } else if (CompareGuid (&ConfigTable->VendorGuid, &gEfiAcpi20TableGuid)) 
> {
> +      Rsdp20 = ConfigTable->VendorTable;
> +    }
> +    ++ConfigTable;
> +  }
> +
> +  AsciiPrint ("%a: BiosTablesTest=%p Rsdp10=%p Rsdp20=%p\n",
> +    gEfiCallerBaseName, Pages, Rsdp10, Rsdp20);
> +
> +  //
> +  // Store the RSD PTR address(es) first, then the signature second.
> +  //
> +  BiosTablesTest = Pages;
> +  BiosTablesTest->Rsdp10 = (UINTN)Rsdp10;
> +  BiosTablesTest->Rsdp20 = (UINTN)Rsdp20;
> +
> +  MemoryFence();
> +
> +  InverseSignature = &BiosTablesTest->InverseSignatureGuid;
> +  InverseSignature->Data1  = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data1;
> +  InverseSignature->Data1 ^= MAX_UINT32;
> +  InverseSignature->Data2  = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data2;
> +  InverseSignature->Data2 ^= MAX_UINT16;
> +  InverseSignature->Data3  = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data3;
> +  InverseSignature->Data3 ^= MAX_UINT16;
> +  for (Idx = 0; Idx < sizeof InverseSignature->Data4; ++Idx) {
> +    InverseSignature->Data4[Idx]  = gBiosTablesTestGuid.Data4[Idx];
> +    InverseSignature->Data4[Idx] ^= MAX_UINT8;
> +  }
> +
> +  //
> +  // The wait below has dual purpose. First, it blocks the application 
> without
> +  // wasting VCPU cycles while the hypervisor is scanning guest RAM. Second,
> +  // assuming the application was launched by the boot manager as a boot
> +  // loader, exiting the app with success causes the boot manager to pull up
> +  // the boot manager menu at once (regardless of other boot options); the 
> wait
> +  // gives the user a chance to read the info printed above.
> +  //
> +  WaitForExitKeyPress ();
> +  return EFI_SUCCESS;
> +}
> diff --git a/tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE b/tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..38b78aecdb0e
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/uefi-test-tools/LICENSE
> @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
> +All the files in this directory and subdirectories are released under the
> +2-Clause BSD License (see header in each file).
> +
> +Copyright (C) 2019, Red Hat, Inc.
> +
> +Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
> +modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
> +
> +1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, 
> this
> +   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
> +
> +2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
> +   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
> +   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
> +
> +THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" 
> AND
> +ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
> +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
> +DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
> +FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
> +DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
> +SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
> +CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
> +OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
> +OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
>