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www/gnu/po gnu-linux-faq.ar.po
|
From: |
Hossam Hossny |
|
Subject: |
www/gnu/po gnu-linux-faq.ar.po |
|
Date: |
Sun, 28 Mar 2010 17:43:40 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Hossam Hossny <mbf> 10/03/28 17:43:40
Added files:
gnu/po : gnu-linux-faq.ar.po
Log message:
For future rivision purpose: a lot of typos perhaps.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ar.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: gnu-linux-faq.ar.po
===================================================================
RCS file: gnu-linux-faq.ar.po
diff -N gnu-linux-faq.ar.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ gnu-linux-faq.ar.po 28 Mar 2010 17:43:35 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,2440 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+#
+# Osama Khalid <address@hidden>, 2010.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2009-10-18 04:25-0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-02-17 01:07+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Osama Khalid <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Arabic <>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODINGX-Generator: Lokalize 1.0\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=6; plural=n==0 ? 0 : n==1 ? 1 : n==2 ? 2 : n%100>=3 &&
n%100<"
+"=10 ? 3 : n%100>=11 && n%100<=99 ? 4 : 5;\n"
+"X-Generator: Lokalize 1.0\n"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+msgid "GNU/Linux FAQ - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+"أسئÙØ© غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس اÙشائعة - Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ - Ù
ؤسسة
اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة (Ø¥Ù​إس​Ø¥Ù)"
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "GNU/Linux FAQ by Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "أسئÙØ© غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس اÙشائعة بÙÙÙ
رÙتشارد
ستÙÙÙ
Ù"
+
+# type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"To learn more about this issue, you can also read our page on <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and the GNU Project</a>, our page on "
+"<a href=\"/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html\">Why GNU/Linux?</a> and our page on <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never "
+"Heard of GNU</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙتعÙÙ
اÙÙ
زÙد ع٠Ùذ٠اÙÙضÙØ©Ø Ø¨Ø¥Ù
ÙاÙÙ Ùراة
صÙØتÙا اÙÙ
تعÙÙØ© ب<a "
+"href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.ar.html\">ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ
شرÙع غÙÙ</a>
ÙصÙØØ© <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html\">ÙÙ
اذا غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>
ÙصÙØØ© <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar.html\">Ù
ستخدÙ
٠غÙÙ
اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙسÙ
عÙا عÙÙ "
+"أبدÙا</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"Here are common questions, and our answers."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùسأ٠اÙÙاس أسئÙØ© ÙØ«Ùرة عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙاØظÙ٠أÙÙا
ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙÙØµØ Ø¨Ø§Ø³Ù
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ "
+"اÙØ°Ù ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙآخرÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“. أدÙاÙ
بعض اÙأسئÙØ© اÙشائعة ÙإجابتÙا عÙÙÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#why\" id=\"TOCwhy\">Why do you call it GNU/Linux and not "
+"Linux?</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#why\" id=\"TOCwhy\">ÙÙ
اذا تسÙ
ÙÙÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس بدÙا Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#whycare\" id=\"TOCwhycare\">Why is the name important?</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#whycare\" id=\"TOCwhycare\">Ù
ا سبب Ø£ÙÙ
ÙØ©
اÙاسÙ
Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#howerror\" id=\"TOChowerror\">How did it come about that most "
+"people call the system “Linux”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#howerror\" id=\"TOChowerror\">ÙÙ
اذا ÙسÙ
Ù Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙاس اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#always\" id=\"TOCalways\">Should we always say "
+"“GNU/Linux” instead of “Linux”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#always\" id=\"TOCalways\">ÙÙ ÙÙبغ٠عÙÙÙا Ø£Ù ÙسÙ
ÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙس“ "
+"بدÙا Ù
Ù ”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#linuxalone\" id=\"TOClinuxalone\">Would Linux have achieved the "
+"same success if there had been no GNU?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#linuxalone\" id=\"TOClinuxalone\">Ù٠سÙØÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس
اÙÙØ¬Ø§Ø Ø°Ø§ØªÙ Ø¨Ø¯Ù٠غÙÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#divide\" id=\"TOCdivide\">Wouldn't it be better for the community "
+"if you did not divide people with this request?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#divide\" id=\"TOCdivide\">Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠أÙا
تشÙÙا ص٠اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع بÙذا "
+"اÙØ·ÙبØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#freespeech\" id=\"TOCfreespeech\">Doesn't the GNU project support "
+"an individual's free speech rights to call the system by any name that "
+"individual chooses?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#freespeech\" id=\"TOCfreespeech\">Ø£Ùا ÙدعÙ
Ù
شرÙع
غÙÙ ØÙ ØرÙØ© اÙتعبÙر بأ٠"
+"ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙرد اÙÙظاÙ
بأ٠اسÙ
ÙختارÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#everyoneknows\" id=\"TOCeveryoneknows\">Since everyone knows the "
+"role of GNU in developing the system, doesn't the “GNU/” in the "
+"name go without saying?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#everyoneknows\" id=\"TOCeveryoneknows\">بÙ
ا أ٠اÙجÙ
Ùع
Ùعر٠دÙر غÙÙ ÙÙ "
+"تطÙÙر اÙÙظاÙ
Ø Ø£Ùا تعتبر ”غÙÙ/“
بدÙÙÙØ© ÙÙا تØتاج اÙØ°ÙرØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#everyoneknows2\" id=\"TOCeveryoneknows2\">Since I know the role "
+"of GNU in this system, why does it matter what name I use?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#everyoneknows2\" id=\"TOCeveryoneknows2\">Ø£Ùا أعر٠دÙر
غÙÙØ Ù
ا Ùائدة "
+"اÙاسÙ
اÙذ٠أستخدÙ
ÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#windows\" id=\"TOCwindows\">Isn't shortening "
+"“GNU/Linux” to “Linux” just like shortening "
+"“Microsoft Windows” to “Windows”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#windows\" id=\"TOCwindows\">Ø£ÙÙس اختصار
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø¥ÙÙ "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù
ث٠اختصار ”Ù
اÙÙرÙسÙÙت
ÙÙÙدÙز“ Ø¥ÙÙ "
+"”ÙÙÙدÙز“?</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#tools\" id=\"TOCtools\">Isn't GNU a collection of programming "
+"tools that were included in Linux?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#tools\" id=\"TOCtools\">Ø£ÙÙس غÙÙ Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
Ù
اÙأدÙات اÙبرÙ
جÙØ© اÙت٠ضÙÙ
ÙÙت "
+"ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#osvskernel\" id=\"TOCosvskernel\">What is the difference between "
+"an operating system and a kernel?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#osvskernel\" id=\"TOCosvskernel\">Ù
ا اÙÙر٠بÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ ÙاÙÙÙاةØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#house\" id=\"TOChouse\">The kernel of a system is like the "
+"foundation of a house. How can a house be almost complete when it doesn't "
+"have a foundation?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#house\" id=\"TOChouse\">ÙÙاة اÙÙظاÙ
Ù
ث٠أساس
اÙÙ
ÙزÙ. ÙÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
Ùز٠أ٠"
+"ÙÙÙ٠شب٠Ù
ÙتÙ
٠بدÙ٠اÙأساسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#brain\" id=\"TOCbrain\">Isn't the kernel the brain of the "
+"system?</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#brain\" id=\"TOCbrain\">Ø£ÙÙست اÙÙÙاة عÙÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#kernelmost\" id=\"TOCkernelmost\">Isn't writing the kernel most "
+"of the work in an operating system?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#kernelmost\" id=\"TOCkernelmost\">Ø£Ùا تÙ
Ø«Ù Ùتابة
اÙÙÙاة Ù
عظÙ
عÙ
Ù ÙظاÙ
"
+"اÙتشغÙÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#afterkernel\" id=\"TOCafterkernel\">We're calling the whole "
+"system after the kernel, Linux. Isn't it normal to name an operating system "
+"after a kernel?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#afterkernel\" id=\"TOCafterkernel\">ÙØÙ ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙاÙ
٠عÙÙ ÙÙاتÙØ "
+"ÙÙÙÙس. Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙطبÙع٠أ٠تÙسÙ
Ù٠أÙظÙ
Ø©
اÙتشغÙ٠عÙ٠أÙÙÙتÙاØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#long\" id=\"TOClong\">The problem with “GNU/Linux” is "
+"that it is too long. How about recommending a shorter name?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#long\" id=\"TOClong\">Ù
Ø´ÙÙØ© ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“
Ø£ÙÙ Ø·ÙÙ٠جدÙا. ÙÙ "
+"تÙترØÙ٠اسÙ
Ùا Ø£ÙصرØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#justgnu\" id=\"TOCjustgnu\">Since Linux is a secondary "
+"contribution, would it be false to the facts to call the system simply "
+"\"GNU\"?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#justgnu\" id=\"TOCjustgnu\">بÙ
ا Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙس Ù
ساÙÙ
Ø©
ثاÙÙÙØ©Ø Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙÙ
ÙاÙض "
+"ÙÙØÙÙÙØ© تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
\"غÙÙ\" ÙØسبØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\" id=\"TOCtrademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee "
+"if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also "
+"apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use "
+"“GNU” without “Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\" id=\"TOCtrademarkfee\">سÙÙ ÙتÙجب عÙÙ
دÙع رسÙ
Ù
Ùاب٠استخداÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اسÙ
Ù
ÙØªØ¬Ø ÙÙÙس اÙØ£Ù
ر
ÙÙطب٠عÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙ Ù
Ù "
+"اÙخطأ أ٠أستخدÙ
اÙاسÙ
”غÙÙ“ بدÙÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙأتÙاد٠اÙرسÙÙ
Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#many\" id=\"TOCmany\">Many other projects contributed to the "
+"system as it is today; it includes TeX, X11, Apache, Perl, and many more "
+"programs. Don't your arguments imply we have to give them credit too? (But "
+"that would lead to a name so long it is absurd.)</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#many\" id=\"TOCmany\">اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙ
شارÙع
اÙأخر٠ÙدÙ
ت Ù
ساÙÙ
ات ÙÙÙظاÙ
"
+"اÙØاÙÙØ Ù
٠ضÙ
ÙÙا تخ ٠إÙس11 Ùأباتش٠ÙبÙرÙ
ÙاÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙبراÙ
ج اÙأخرÙ. Ø£Ùا تعÙÙ Øجت٠"
+"أ٠عÙÙÙا Ùسب اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙÙÙ
Ø£ÙضÙØ§Ø (ÙÙÙ Ùذا
سÙÙ Ùؤد٠بÙا Ø¥Ù٠اسÙ
Ø·ÙÙ٠جدÙا ÙÙا Ù
عÙÙÙ)."
+"</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#others\" id=\"TOCothers\">Many other projects contributed to the "
+"system as it is today, but they don't insist on calling it XYZ/Linux. Why "
+"should we treat GNU specially?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#others\" id=\"TOCothers\">اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙ
شارÙع ÙدÙ
ت Ù
ساÙÙ
ات ÙÙÙظاÙ
اÙØاÙÙØ "
+"ÙÙÙÙÙ
Ùا ÙصرÙ٠عÙ٠تسÙ
Ùت٠س/ÙÙÙÙس. ÙÙ
اذا
ÙعاÙ
٠غÙÙ Ù
عاÙ
ÙØ© خاصةØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#allsmall\" id=\"TOCallsmall\">GNU is a small fraction of the "
+"system nowadays, so why should we mention it?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#allsmall\" id=\"TOCallsmall\">غÙ٠جزء صغÙر Ù
Ù
اÙÙظاÙ
Ø ÙÙ
اذا عÙÙÙا Ø£Ù "
+"ÙØ°ÙرÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#manycompanies\" id=\"TOCmanycompanies\">Many companies "
+"contributed to the system as it is today; doesn't that mean we ought to call "
+"it GNU/Redhat/Novell/Linux?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#manycompanies\" id=\"TOCmanycompanies\">اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù
اÙشرÙات ÙدÙ
ت Ù
ساÙÙ
ات "
+"Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙØاÙÙØ Ø£Ùا ÙعÙÙ Ùذا أ٠عÙÙÙا
Ø£Ù ÙسÙ
Ù٠غÙÙ/ردÙات/ÙÙÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#whyslash\" id=\"TOCwhyslash\">Why do you write "
+"“GNU/Linux” instead of “GNU Linux”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#whyslash\" id=\"TOCwhyslash\">ÙÙ
اذا تÙتبÙÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بدÙا "
+"Ù
Ù ”غÙÙ ÙÙÙÙسx“Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#whyorder\" id=\"TOCwhyorder\">Why “GNU/Linux” rather "
+"than “Linux/GNU”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#whyorder\" id=\"TOCwhyorder\">ÙÙ
اذا
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بدÙا Ù
Ù "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس/غÙÙ“Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames\" id=\"TOCdistronames\">My distro is called "
+"“Foobar Linux”; doesn't that show it's really Linux?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames\" id=\"TOCdistronames\">اسÙ
تÙزÙعتÙ
”س ÙÙÙÙس“Ø "
+"Ø£Ùا ÙعÙÙ Ùذا Ø£ÙÙا ÙعÙا ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames1\" id=\"TOCdistronames1\">My distro's official name "
+"is “Foobar Linux”; isn't it wrong to call the distro anything "
+"but “Linux”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames1\" id=\"TOCdistronames1\">اسÙ
تÙزÙعتÙ
اÙرسÙ
Ù ”س "
+"ÙÙÙÙس“Ø Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙخطأ تسÙ
ÙتÙا بأ٠شÙØ¡
غÙر ”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#companies\" id=\"TOCcompanies\">Wouldn't it be more effective to "
+"ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to call their distributions "
+"“GNU/Linux” rather than asking individuals?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#companies\" id=\"TOCcompanies\">Ø£ÙÙس اÙØ£Ùض٠أÙ
تطÙبÙا Ù
٠اÙشرÙات Ù
Ø«Ù "
+"Ù
اÙدرÙÙ ÙردÙات Ùآ٠ب٠إÙ
تسÙ
ÙØ© تÙزÙعاتÙا
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بدÙا Ù
٠أ٠تطÙبÙا "
+"Ù
٠اÙØ£ÙرادØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#reserve\" id=\"TOCreserve\">Wouldn't it be better to reserve the "
+"name “GNU/Linux” for distributions that are purely free "
+"software? After all, that is the ideal of GNU.</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#reserve\" id=\"TOCreserve\">Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠أÙ
ÙØÙظ اسÙ
"
+"”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙتÙزÙعات اÙØرة باÙÙاÙ
ÙØ ÙØ°Ù Ù
بادئ غÙÙ.</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#gnudist\" id=\"TOCgnudist\">Why not make a GNU distribution of "
+"Linux (sic) and call that GNU/Linux?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#gnudist\" id=\"TOCgnudist\">ÙÙ
اذا Ùا تعدÙÙ
تÙزÙعة غÙÙ Ù
شتÙØ© Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙس (ÙÙ
ا "
+"ÙسÙ
ÙÙÙ) ÙتسÙ
ÙÙÙا غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#linuxgnu\" id=\"TOClinuxgnu\">Why not just say “Linux is "
+"the GNU kernel” and release some existing version of GNU/Linux under "
+"the name “GNU”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#linuxgnu\" id=\"TOClinuxgnu\">ÙÙ
اذا Ùا ÙÙÙÙ
باÙإشارة Ø¥Ù٠أ٠”ÙÙÙÙس "
+"ÙÙاة غÙÙ“ ÙÙØ·Ù٠بعض إصدارات غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس
باسÙ
”غÙÙ“?</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#condemn\" id=\"TOCcondemn\">Did the GNU Project condemn and "
+"oppose use of Linux in the early days?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#condemn\" id=\"TOCcondemn\">Ù٠رÙض Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ
Ùعارض ÙÙÙÙس Ù٠أÙاÙ
Ùا "
+"اÙØ£ÙÙÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#wait\" id=\"TOCwait\">Why did you wait so long before asking "
+"people to use the name GNU/Linux?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#wait\" id=\"TOCwait\">ÙÙ
اذا تأخرتÙ
ÙØ«ÙرÙا ÙÙ
Ø·Ùب تسÙ
Ùت٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#allgpled\" id=\"TOCallgpled\">Should the GNU/[name] convention be "
+"applied to all programs that are GPL'ed?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#allgpled\" id=\"TOCallgpled\">Should the GNU/[name] convention be "
+"applied to all programs that are GPL'ed?</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#unix\" id=\"TOCunix\">Since much of GNU comes from Unix, "
+"shouldn't GNU give credit to Unix by using “Unix” in its "
+"name?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#unix\" id=\"TOCunix\">بÙ
ا Ø£Ù Ù
عظÙ
أجزاء غÙÙ Ù
أخÙذة Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø Ø£Ùا ÙÙترض Ø£Ù "
+"ÙÙسب غÙ٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس بإضاÙØ©
”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø¥Ù٠اÙاسÙ
Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#bsd\" id=\"TOCbsd\">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
too?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#bsd\" id=\"TOCbsd\">ÙÙ ÙÙترض Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙ
”غÙÙ/BSD“ Ø£ÙضÙاØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#othersys\" id=\"TOCothersys\">If I install the GNU tools on "
+"Windows, does that mean I am running a GNU/Windows system?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#othersys\" id=\"TOCothersys\">إذا رÙبت أدÙات غÙÙ
عÙÙ ÙÙÙدÙØ²Ø Ù٠سÙعÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ "
+"Ø£ÙÙ٠أستخدÙ
ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙدÙزØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#justlinux\" id=\"TOCjustlinux\">Can't there be Linux systems "
+"without GNU?</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#justlinux\" id=\"TOCjustlinux\">Ø£Ùا تÙجد Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø©
ÙÙÙÙس بدÙ٠غÙÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#helplinus\" id=\"TOChelplinus\">Why not call the system "
+"“Linux” anyway, and strengthen Linus Torvalds' role as posterboy "
+"for our community?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#helplinus\" id=\"TOChelplinus\">ÙÙ
اذا Ùا ÙÙÙت٠بتسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙجع٠ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز رÙ
زÙا
ÙÙ
جتÙ
عÙاØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#claimlinux\" id=\"TOCclaimlinux\">Isn't it wrong for us to label "
+"Linus Torvalds' work as GNU?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#claimlinux\" id=\"TOCclaimlinux\">Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙخطأ Ø£Ù
ÙرÙ
ز ÙعÙ
٠تÙرÙÙدز "
+"بغÙÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#linusagreed\" id=\"TOClinusagreed\">Does Linus Torvalds agree "
+"that Linux is just the kernel?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#linusagreed\" id=\"TOClinusagreed\">ÙÙ ÙتÙÙ ÙÙÙÙاس
تÙرÙÙدز عÙ٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙس "
+"Ù٠اÙÙÙاة ÙØسبØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#lost\" id=\"TOClost\">The battle is already lost—society "
+"has made its decision and we can't change it, so why even think about "
+"it?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#lost\" id=\"TOClost\">ÙÙد خسرتÙ
اÙÙ
عرÙØ©
أصÙا—ÙÙد Ùرر اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع ÙÙا "
+"تستطÙعÙ٠تغÙÙر Ø°ÙÙØ ÙÙ
اذا تخططÙ٠أصÙا
ÙØ°ÙÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#whatgood\" id=\"TOCwhatgood\">Society has made its decision and "
+"we can't change it, so what good does it do if I say "
+"“GNU/Linux”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#whatgood\" id=\"TOCwhatgood\">ÙÙد Ùرر اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع ÙÙا
ÙستطÙع تغÙÙر ÙرارÙØ Ù
ا "
+"Ùائدة أ٠أÙÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“?</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#explain\" id=\"TOCexplain\">Wouldn't it be better to call the "
+"system “Linux” and teach people its real origin with a "
+"ten-minute explanation?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#explain\" id=\"TOCexplain\">Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠أ٠ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙØ´Ø±Ø ÙÙÙاس أصÙÙ ÙÙ ØدÙØ« Ùا
تتجاÙز Ù
دت٠عشر دÙائÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#treatment\" id=\"TOCtreatment\">Some people laugh at you when you "
+"ask them to call the system GNU/Linux. Why do you subject yourself to this "
+"treatment?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#treatment\" id=\"TOCtreatment\">اÙبعض Ùسخر Ù
ÙÙÙ
عÙدÙ
ا تطÙبÙ٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. ÙÙ
اذا تعرضÙ٠أÙÙسÙÙ
ÙÙذ٠اÙÙ
عاÙ
ÙØ©Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#alienate\" id=\"TOCalienate\">Some people condemn you when you "
+"ask them to call the system GNU/Linux. Don't you lose by alienating "
+"them?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#alienate\" id=\"TOCalienate\"> اÙبعض ÙÙتÙدÙÙ
عÙدÙ
ا تطÙبÙ٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. Ø£ÙستÙ
اÙخاسرÙ٠بÙسب عدائÙÙ
Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#rename\" id=\"TOCrename\">Whatever you contributed, is it "
+"legitimate to rename the operating system?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#rename\" id=\"TOCrename\">Ø£ÙØÙ Ù٠تغÙÙر اÙاسÙ
Ø£ÙÙا ÙاÙت Ù
ساÙÙ
تÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#BSDlicense\" id=\"TOCBSDlicense\">Since you objected to the "
+"original BSD license's advertising requirement to give credit to the "
+"University of California, isn't it hypocritical to demand credit for the GNU "
+"project?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#BSDlicense\" id=\"TOCBSDlicense\">Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙÙ
ÙارÙØ©
أ٠تطÙبÙا Ùسب اÙعÙ
Ù "
+"Ø¥ÙÙ Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ ÙÙد عارضتÙ
شرط اÙدعاÙØ© ÙجاÙ
عة ÙاÙÙÙÙرÙÙا Ù٠رخصة BSD اÙأصÙÙØ©Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#require\" id=\"TOCrequire\">Shouldn't you put something in the "
+"GNU GPL to require people to call the system “GNU”?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#require\" id=\"TOCrequire\">Ø£Ùا ÙÙترض أ٠تضعÙا Ù
تطÙبÙا Ù٠رخصة غÙÙ "
+"اÙعÙ
ÙÙ
ÙØ© ÙÙ
طاÙبة اÙÙاس بتسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ“Ø</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#deserve\" id=\"TOCdeserve\">Since you failed to put something in "
+"the GNU GPL to require people to call the system “GNU”, you "
+"deserve what happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#deserve\" id=\"TOCdeserve\">Ø£ÙتÙ
تستØÙÙÙ Ù
ا ØصÙ
ÙØ£ÙÙÙ
تÙاعستÙ
ع٠Ùضع "
+"Ù
تطÙب Ù٠غÙ٠ج٠ب٠إ٠ÙØ·Ùب اÙÙاس تسÙ
ÙØ©
اÙÙظاÙ
“غÙÙ”Ø ÙÙ
اذا تتØسرÙÙ "
+"اÙØ¢ÙØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#contradict\" id=\"TOCcontradict\">Wouldn't you be better off not "
+"contradicting what so many people believe?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#contradict\" id=\"TOCcontradict\">Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠ÙÙÙ
Ø£Ùا تعارضÙا Ù
ا "
+"ÙعتÙد٠ÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙاسØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\" id=\"TOCsomanyright\">Since many people call it "
+"“Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\" id=\"TOCsomanyright\">بÙ
ا Ø£Ù ÙØ«ÙرÙا Ù
Ù
اÙÙاس ÙسÙ
ÙÙÙ "
+"“ÙÙÙÙس”Ø Ø£Ùا ÙجعÙÙ Ùذا صØÙØÙاØ</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#winning\" id=\"TOCwinning\">Many people care about what's "
+"convenient or who's winning, not about arguments of right or wrong. "
+"Couldn't you get more of their support by a different road?</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#winning\" id=\"TOCwinning\">Many people care about what's "
+"convenient or who's winning, not about arguments of right or wrong. "
+"Couldn't you get more of their support by a different road?</a>"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Why do you call it GNU/Linux and not Linux?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا تسÙ
ÙÙ٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس بدÙا Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Most operating system distributions based on Linux as kernel are basically "
+"modified versions of the GNU operating system. We began developing GNU in "
+"1984, years before Linus Torvalds started to write his kernel. Our goal was "
+"to develop a complete free operating system. Of course, we did not develop "
+"all the parts ourselves—but we led the way. We developed most of the "
+"central components, forming the largest single contribution to the whole "
+"system. The basic vision was ours too."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
عظÙ
تÙزÙعات Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙتشغÙ٠اÙÙ
بÙÙØ© عÙÙ
اÙÙÙاة ÙÙÙÙس Ù
ا Ù٠إÙا Ùسخ Ù
عدÙØ© Ù
Ù ÙظاÙ
"
+"اÙتشغÙ٠غÙÙ. بدأÙا تطÙÙر غÙÙ Ù٠عاÙ
1984Ø ÙبÙ
سÙÙات Ù
٠بدئ ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز بÙتابة "
+"ÙÙاتÙ. Ùا٠ÙدÙÙا تطÙÙر ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ Øر Ù
تÙاÙ
Ù. ÙÙ
ÙØ·Ùر Ù٠اÙأجزاء بأÙÙسÙا "
+"باÙطبع—ÙÙÙÙا ÙدÙا اÙÙ
شرÙع. Ø·ÙرÙا Ù
عظÙ
اÙأجزاء ااÙأساسÙØ©Ø ÙÙÙ
ا Ø£Ùبر اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
ÙÙ "
+"Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙ
تÙاÙ
Ù. ÙÙد ÙاÙت اÙÙظرة
اÙأساسÙØ© ÙظرتÙا Ø£ÙضÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid "In fairness, we ought to get at least equal mention."
+msgstr "Ø¥ÙÙا ÙستØ٠عÙ٠اÙØ£Ù٠أ٠ÙساÙÙ Ù٠اÙØ°Ùر
Ù
Ù Ù
ÙØ·Ù٠اÙعدÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"See <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and the GNU Project</a> and <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never "
+"Heard of GNU</a> for more explanation, and <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">The GNU Project</a> for the history."
+msgstr ""
+"راجع <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.ar.html\">ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ
شرÙع
غÙÙ</a> Ù <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar.html\">Ù
ستخدÙ
٠غÙÙ
اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙسÙ
عÙا عÙÙ "
+"أبدÙا</a> ÙÙ
زÙد Ù
٠اÙتÙضÙØØ Ù<a
href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ</a> "
+"ÙÙ
زÙد Ù
٠اÙÙ
عÙÙÙ
ات ع٠اÙتارÙØ®."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Why is the name important?"
+msgstr "Ù
ا سبب Ø£ÙÙ
ÙØ© اÙاسÙ
Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Although the developers of Linux, the kernel, are contributing to the free "
+"software community, many of them do not care about freedom. People who "
+"think the whole system is Linux tend to get confused and assign to those "
+"developers a role in the history of our community which they did not "
+"actually play. Then they give inordinate weight to those developers' views."
+msgstr ""
+"عÙ٠اÙرغÙ
Ù
٠أ٠Ù
Ø·Ùر٠ÙÙÙÙس ÙساÙÙ
Ù٠إÙÙ Ù
جتÙ
ع اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØØ±Ø©Ø Ø¥Ùا Ø£Ù ÙØ«ÙرÙا Ù
ÙÙÙ
Ùا
"
+"ÙÙتÙ
باÙØرÙØ©. إ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙ
تÙاÙ
Ù ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس ÙخطؤÙ٠بÙسب دÙر ÙÙ
ÙÙعب٠"
+"ÙؤÙاء اÙÙ
Ø·ÙرÙÙ Ù٠تارÙØ® Ù
جتÙ
عÙا. Ø¥Ù Ùذا
ÙجعÙÙÙ
ÙزÙدÙÙ Ù
Ù ÙÙÙ
Ø© آراء ÙؤÙاء اÙÙ
Ø·ÙرÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Calling the system GNU/Linux recognizes the role that our idealism played in "
+"building our community, and <a href=\"/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html\">helps the "
+"public recognize the practical importance of these ideals</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس تشÙر Ø¥Ù٠اÙدÙر اÙØ°Ù
Ùعبت٠Ù
بادؤÙا Ù٠بÙاء Ù
جتÙ
عÙØ§Ø Ù <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html\">تساÙÙ
Ù٠زÙادة اÙÙعÙ
بأÙÙ
ÙØ© Ùذ٠اÙÙ
بادئ</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "How did it come about that most people call the system
“Linux”?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا ÙسÙ
Ù Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙاس اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Calling the system “Linux” is a confusion that has spread faster "
+"than the corrective information."
+msgstr ""
+"إ٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ùغط اÙتشر
بسرعة ÙبÙرة ÙاÙت سرعة اÙتشار اÙÙ
عÙÙÙ
ات "
+"اÙصØÙØØ©."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The people who combined Linux with the GNU system were not aware that that's "
+"what their activity amounted to. They focused their attention on the piece "
+"that was Linux and did not realize that more of the combination was GNU. "
+"They started calling it “Linux” even though that name did not "
+"fit what they had. It took a few years for us to realize what a problem "
+"this was and ask people to correct the practice. By that time, the "
+"confusion had a big head start."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
Ùع٠اÙØ°Ù٠جÙ
عÙا بÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙظاÙ
غÙÙ Ù
ا
ÙاÙÙا ÙÙÙÙ
Ù٠بÙ. ÙÙد رÙزÙا اÙتباÙÙÙ
عÙÙ "
+"ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙÙ
ÙÙØظÙا Ø£Ù Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙاتج Ùا٠غÙÙ..
بدؤÙا بتسÙ
Ùت٠”ÙÙÙÙس“ رغÙ
Ø£Ù "
+"Ø£Ù Ùذا اÙاسÙ
ÙÙ
ÙÙاسب Ù
ا Ùتج عÙدÙÙ
. Ù
رت
سÙÙات Ùب٠أ٠ÙتÙب٠إÙÙ Ùذ٠اÙÙ
Ø´ÙÙØ© ÙÙØ·Ùب Ù
Ù "
+"اÙÙاس تصØÙØ Ùذ٠اÙÙ
Ù
Ø§Ø±Ø³Ø©Ø ÙبØÙÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ
اÙÙÙØªØ Ùا٠اÙÙغط Ùد شاع."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
+"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
+"it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a false picture "
+"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
+"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
+"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
عظÙ
اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙ
ÙÙبÙÙا أبدÙا ع٠أ٠اÙØ°Ù ÙÙÙÙ
Ù٠ب٠ÙÙس "
+"صØÙØÙا. ÙÙد اÙتضرÙا أ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
ÙÙ٠بÙ
صØÙØ Ùأ٠اÙآخرÙÙ ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙÙ. اسÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ùعط٠تصÙرÙا خاطئÙا ع٠أصÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
Ø Ùأ٠اÙÙاس ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠تارÙØ® "
+"اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙائÙ
اسÙ
ÙØ ÙعÙ٠سبÙ٠اÙÙ
ثاÙØ
ÙعتÙد ÙØ«ÙرÙ٠أ٠اÙتطÙÙر بدأ٠ÙÙÙÙاس
تÙرÙاÙدز "
+"عاÙ
1991. Ùذ٠اÙصÙرة تعزز اÙرأ٠اÙÙائ٠بأÙ
اسÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to justify "
+"the name they are accustomed to using."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
عظÙ
اÙأسئÙØ© اÙÙ
ÙجÙدة ÙÙ Ùذا اÙÙ
Ù٠تعبر
ع٠Ù
ØاÙÙØ© اÙبعض تبرÙر تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
باÙاسÙ
"
+"اÙذ٠اعتادÙا استخداÙ
Ù."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Should we always say “GNU/Linux” instead of
“Linux”?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ ÙÙبغ٠عÙÙÙا Ø£Ù ÙسÙ
ÙÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙس“ بدÙا Ù
Ù ”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it "
+"“Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙس دائÙ
Ùا—ÙÙØ· عÙدÙ
ا تتØدث ع٠اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙ. عÙدÙ
ا ترغب Ù٠اÙإشارة Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙÙØ§Ø©Ø "
+"ÙÙبغ٠عÙÙ٠استخداÙ
اÙاسÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“
اÙذ٠اختار٠Ù
Ø·ÙرÙÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
+"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
+"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system "
+"“GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you "
+"avoid the ambiguity."
+msgstr ""
+"عÙدÙ
ا ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙاس اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø
ÙÙÙ
ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙ٠عÙÙ ÙÙاتÙ. Ùذا "
+"Ùسبب اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙØºØ·Ø Ùأ٠اÙخبراء ÙØدÙÙ
ÙستطÙعÙ٠اÙتÙرÙ٠بÙ٠اÙØدÙØ« ع٠اÙÙÙاة "
+"ÙاÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙ. سÙ٠تتجاÙز اÙÙغط بتسÙ
ÙØ©
اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙتسÙ
ÙØ© "
+"اÙÙÙاة ”ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Would Linux have achieved the same success if there had been no GNU?"
+msgstr "Ù٠سÙØÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس اÙÙØ¬Ø§Ø Ø°Ø§ØªÙ Ø¨Ø¯Ù٠غÙÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"In that alternative world, there would be nothing today like the GNU/Linux "
+"system, and probably no free operating system at all. No one attempted to "
+"develop a free operating system in the 1980s except the GNU Project and "
+"(later) Berkeley CSRG, which had been specifically asked by the GNU Project "
+"to start freeing its code."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ ÙÙتÙاجد Ø´ÙØ¡ Ù
Ø«Ù ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ
ÙعÙ٠اÙØ£Ø±Ø¬Ø ÙÙ ÙتÙاجد Ø£Ù ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ Øر عÙÙ "
+"اÙإطÙاÙ. ÙÙ
Ùسع٠أØد Ø¥Ù٠تطÙÙر ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ
Øر Ù٠اÙتسعÙÙÙات Ø¥Ùا Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ Ù(ÙاØÙÙا) "
+"Ù
جÙ
Ùعة دراسة Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙØاسÙب Ù٠برÙÙÙØ
ÙاÙت٠طÙب Ù
ÙÙا Ù
شرÙع غÙ٠تØرÙر ÙÙدÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Linus Torvalds was partly influenced by a speech about GNU in Finland in "
+"1990. It's possible that even without this influence he might have written "
+"a Unix-like kernel, but it probably would not have been free software. "
+"Linux became free in 1992 when Linus rereleased it under the GNU GPL. (See "
+"the release notes for version 0.12.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Ùا٠ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙادز Ù
تأثرÙا Ø¥ÙÙ Øد Ù
ا بÙÙÙ
Ø© ع٠غÙÙ ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙدا عاÙ
1990. Ù
٠اÙÙ
ØتÙ
Ù "
+"Ø£ÙÙ Ùا٠سÙÙتب ÙÙاة شبÙÙØ© بÙÙÙÙس Øت٠بدÙÙ
Ùذا اÙتأثÙØ±Ø ÙÙÙÙا عÙ٠اÙØ£Ø±Ø¬Ø Ø³ØªÙÙ٠غÙر
Øرة."
+" صارت ÙÙÙÙس Øرة Ù٠عاÙ
1992 عÙدÙ
ا أطÙÙÙا
ÙÙÙÙاس تØت رخصة غÙ٠ج٠ب٠إÙ. (راجع Ù
ÙاØظات "
+"إصدار اÙÙسخة 0.12.)"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Even if Torvalds had released Linux under some other free software license, "
+"a free kernel alone would not have made much difference to the world. The "
+"significance of Linux came from fitting into a larger framework, a complete "
+"free operating system: GNU/Linux."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙÙ Øت٠Ù٠أطÙ٠تÙرÙاÙدز ÙÙÙÙس تØت رخصة
ØØ±Ø©Ø ÙØ¥Ù ÙÙاة Øرة بذاتÙا Ùا ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠تغÙر "
+"اÙعاÙÙ
. ÙÙØ© ÙÙÙÙس جائت Ù
Ù ÙضعÙا Ù٠إطار
Ø£ÙØ¨Ø±Ø ÙÙÙ ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ Øر ÙاÙ
Ù: غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Wouldn't it be better for the community if you did not divide people with "
+"this request?"
+msgstr "ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠أÙا تشÙÙا ص٠اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع
بÙذا اÙØ·ÙبØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
+msgstr ""
+"عÙدÙ
ا ÙØ·ÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙاس ÙÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø
ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا ÙÙسÙÙ
. Ø¥ÙÙا ÙطاÙب Ø£Ù ÙÙسب "
+"ÙظاÙ
غÙ٠إÙÙ Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ. Ø¥Ù Ùذا Ùا ÙÙ
Ø«Ù
اÙتÙادÙا ÙØ£Øد ÙÙا Ø¥ÙصاءÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"However, there are people who do not like our saying this. Sometimes those "
+"people push us away in response. On occasion they are so rude that one "
+"wonders if they are intentionally trying to intimidate us into silence. It "
+"doesn't silence us, but it does tend to divide the community, so we hope you "
+"can convince them to stop."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ٠بعض اÙØ°ÙÙ Ùا ÙعجبÙÙ
Ù
ا ÙÙÙÙÙ ÙØاÙÙÙÙ
Ø¥ÙصاءÙا. ÙاÙÙا عÙÙÙÙÙ Ù٠اÙبعض اÙØاÙات "
+"Ùدرجة Ø£ÙÙا ÙÙا Ùتسائ٠ÙÙÙ
ا إذا ÙاÙÙا
ÙØاÙÙÙ٠إسÙاتÙا. ÙÙ ÙسÙتÙÙØ§Ø ÙÙÙÙÙ
ÙØ´ÙÙ٠صÙ
"
+"اÙÙ
جتÙ
Ø¹Ø ÙÙذا ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙØ£Ù
Ù Ù
Ù٠أ٠تÙÙعÙÙ
بضرÙرة اÙتÙÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"However, this is only a secondary cause of division in our community. The "
+"largest division in the community is between people who appreciate free "
+"software as a social and ethical issue and consider proprietary software a "
+"social problem (supporters of the free software movement), and those who "
+"cite only practical benefits and present free software only as an efficient "
+"development model (the open source movement)."
+msgstr ""
+"Ø¥Ù Ùذا عÙ
ÙÙ
Ùا سبب ثاÙÙÙ Ùش٠ص٠Ù
جتÙ
عÙا.
Ø£Ùبر Ù
Ùر٠Ù٠اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع Ù٠اÙÙ
Ùر٠اÙØ°Ù ÙÙص٠"
+"اÙÙاس اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙعتبرÙ٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة ÙضÙØ©
اجتÙ
اعÙØ© أخÙاÙÙØ© ÙÙعتبرÙ٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات "
+"اÙاØتÙارÙØ© Ù
Ø´ÙÙØ© اجتÙ
اعÙØ© (ÙÙÙ
داعÙ
٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة)Ø ÙبÙ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙتعÙÙÙ٠باÙÙ
زاÙا "
+"اÙعÙ
ÙÙØ© اÙبØتة ÙÙعرضÙ٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة
ÙÙسÙÙØ© تطÙÙر ÙعاÙØ© ÙØسب (ØرÙØ© اÙÙ
صادر "
+"اÙÙ
ÙتÙØØ©)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"This disagreement is not just a matter of names—it is a matter of "
+"differing basic values. It is essential for the community to see and think "
+"about this disagreement. The names “free software” and "
+"“open source” are the banners of the two positions. See <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\">Why Open Source "
+"misses the point of Free Software</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙØ®Ùا٠ÙÙا Ùا ÙÙتصر عÙ٠اÙاسÙ
ÙØسب—بÙ
ÙÙ Ø®Ùا٠عÙ٠اÙÙÙÙ
اÙأساسÙØ©. Ù
٠اÙضرÙر٠"
+"ÙÙ
جتÙ
ع Ø£Ù ÙبØØ« Ùذا اÙØ®ÙاÙ. إ٠اسÙ
Ù
”اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة“ ٔاÙÙ
صادر "
+"اÙÙ
ÙتÙØØ©“ تÙ
Ø«Ùا٠شعارÙÙ ÙرأÙÙÙ Ù
ختÙÙÙÙ. راجع <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.ar.html\">ÙÙ
اذا Ùا
تÙ٠اÙÙ
صادر "
+"اÙÙ
ÙتÙØØ© بغرض اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
+"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
+"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
+"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
+"society). However, the disagreement would probably exist even if everyone "
+"knew the system's real origin and its proper name, because the issue is a "
+"real one. It can only go away if we who value freedom either persuade "
+"everyone (which won't be easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
+msgstr ""
+"إ٠اÙØ®Ùا٠عÙ٠اÙÙÙÙ
Ùتأثر بÙ
Ùدار اÙتÙات
اÙÙاس ÙÙدÙر اÙØ°Ù Ùعب٠Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
جتÙ
عÙا. "
+"إ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙغÙÙ٠اÙØرÙØ© عادة ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙاÙØ°ÙÙ ÙعرÙÙ٠أ٠"
+"اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ سÙÙ ÙÙتÙتÙ٠إÙÙ Ù
ÙÙÙÙا اÙÙÙسÙ٠ع٠اÙØرÙØ© ÙاÙÙ
جتÙ
ع "
+"(ÙÙذا سبب Ø£ÙÙ
ÙØ© اختÙار اسÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙ
جتÙ
ع).
ÙÙ٠اÙØ®Ùا٠سÙÙ ÙستÙ
ر عÙ٠اÙØ£Ø±Ø¬Ø Øت٠ÙÙ "
+"عر٠اÙجÙ
Ùع أص٠اÙÙظاÙ
ÙاÙاسÙ
اÙÙ
ÙائÙ
ÙÙØ
Ùأ٠اÙÙضÙØ© Øساسة. ÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙØ®Ùا٠أ٠ÙÙتÙ٠إذا "
+"Ø£ÙÙعÙا اÙجÙ
Ùع (ÙÙ٠اÙØ£Ù
ر اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ
سÙÙا) Ø£Ù ÙزÙ
Ùا تÙ
اÙ
Ùا (ÙÙØ£Ù
٠أÙا ÙØدث Ø°ÙÙ)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Doesn't the GNU project support an individual's free speech rights to call "
+"the system by any name that individual chooses?"
+msgstr "Ø£Ùا ÙدعÙ
Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ ØÙ ØرÙØ© اÙتعبÙر بأÙ
ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙرد اÙÙظاÙ
بأ٠اسÙ
ÙختارÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Yes, indeed, we believe you have a free speech right to call the operating "
+"system by any name you wish. We ask that people call it GNU/Linux as a "
+"matter of doing justice to the GNU project, to promote the values of freedom "
+"that GNU stands for, and to inform others that those values of freedom "
+"brought the system into existence."
+msgstr ""
+"باÙطبع. ÙØÙ ÙؤÙ
٠بأ٠ÙÙ ØرÙØ© تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
بأ٠اسÙ
ترÙدÙ. ÙÙÙÙا ÙØ·Ùب Ù
٠اÙÙاس تسÙ
ÙØ© "
+"اÙÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙØ¥Ùصا٠ÙÙ
شرÙع غÙÙ ÙÙÙشر
ÙÙÙ
اÙØرÙØ© اÙت٠ÙÙاض٠Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ Ù
٠أجÙÙا "
+"ÙÙÙعÙÙ
اÙÙاس أ٠اÙØرÙØ© Ù٠اÙت٠أÙجدت
اÙÙظاÙ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Since everyone knows GNU's role in developing the system, doesn't the "
+"“GNU/” in the name go without saying?"
+msgstr ""
+"بÙ
ا أ٠اÙجÙ
Ùع Ùعر٠دÙر غÙÙ Ù٠تطÙÙر اÙÙظاÙ
Ø Ø£Ùا تعتبر ”غÙÙ/“ بدÙÙÙØ© ÙÙا "
+"تØتاج اÙØ°ÙرØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
+"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
+"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙد أظÙرت اÙتجربة Ø£Ù Ù
ستخدÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
(ÙعاÙ
Ø©
Ù
ستخدÙ
٠اÙØاسÙب بشÙ٠عاÙ
) Ùا ÙعرÙÙÙ Ø´ÙØ¡ "
+"ع٠ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ. Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙ
ÙاÙات اÙت٠تتÙاÙÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
Ùا تشÙر Ø¥Ù٠اسÙ
”غÙÙ“Ø Ø£Ù "
+"اÙÙ
بادئ اÙت٠ÙÙاض٠Ù
٠أجÙÙا Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ. <a
href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu."
+"ar.html\">Ù
ستخدÙ
٠غÙ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙسÙ
عÙا عÙÙ
أبدÙا</a> ØªØ´Ø±Ø Ø§ÙÙ
زÙد ع٠Ùذا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
+"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+"href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ ÙÙ
غاÙبÙا Ù
ÙÙسÙÙ. اÙÙ
ÙÙسÙ٠عادة Ù
ا ÙعرÙÙ٠غÙÙØ ÙÙÙÙÙ
ÙØ«Ùرا Ù
ÙÙÙ
"
+"ÙدÙ٠تصÙر خاطئ تÙ
اÙ
Ùا ع٠Ù
ا Ù٠غÙÙ. عÙÙ
سبÙ٠اÙÙ
ثاÙØ ÙØ«Ùر ÙعتÙدÙ٠أÙÙ Ù
جÙ
Ùعة <a "
+"href=\"#tools\">“أدÙات”</a>Ø Ø£Ù Ù
شرÙع ÙتطÙÙر
أدÙات."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another common "
+"misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing something "
+"assumes that GNU is a group of people. GNU is an operating system. It "
+"would make sense to talk about the GNU Project's role in this or some other "
+"activity, but not that of GNU."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùذا اÙسؤا٠ÙعÙس ÙÙÙ
Ùا خاطئÙا. عÙدÙ
ا ÙتØدث
ع٠”دÙر غÙÙ“ Ù٠تطÙÙر Ø´ÙØ¡ ÙØ¥Ù "
+"Ùذا ÙعÙ٠أ٠غÙÙ Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠اÙأشخاص. إ٠غÙÙ
ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ. Ùد ÙÙÙدÙا اÙØدÙØ« ع٠دÙر Ù
شرÙع "
+"غÙÙ ÙÙ Ùشاطات أخرÙØ ÙÙÙ ÙÙس Ù
٠بÙÙÙا غÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Since I know the role of GNU in this system, why does it matter what name I "
+"use?"
+msgstr "Ø£Ùا أعر٠دÙر غÙÙØ Ù
ا Ùائدة اÙاسÙ
اÙØ°Ù
أستخدÙ
ÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is "
+"“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+msgstr ""
+"إذا ÙÙ
تعÙس ÙÙÙ
ات٠ÙÙÙ
ÙØ ÙØ¥ÙÙ Ùا تعÙÙ
اÙÙاس. Ù
عظÙ
اÙØ°Ù٠سÙ
عÙا ع٠ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس "
+"ÙعتÙدÙ٠أÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“ (اÙذ٠بدأÙ
ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز) ÙØ£Ù٠بدأ٠ÙÙÙÙÙ "
+"”Ù
ÙتÙØ Ø§ÙÙ
صدر“. إذا ÙÙ
تخبرÙÙ
Ø£ÙØªØ ÙÙ
٠سÙخبرÙÙ
Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Isn't shortening “GNU/Linux” to “Linux” just like "
+"shortening “Microsoft Windows” to “Windows”?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£ÙÙس اختصار ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø¥ÙÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù
ث٠اختصار "
+"”Ù
اÙÙرÙسÙÙت ÙÙÙدÙز“ Ø¥ÙÙ
”ÙÙÙدÙز“?"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It's useful to shorten a frequently-used name, but not if the abbreviation "
+"is misleading."
+msgstr "Ù
٠اÙÙ
ÙÙد اختصار اسÙ
Ù
ستخدÙ
بÙØ«Ø±Ø©Ø ÙÙÙ
Ùجب Ø£Ùا ÙÙÙ٠اÙاختصار Ù
ضÙÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Most everyone in developed countries really does know that the "
+"“Windows” system is made by Microsoft, so shortening "
+"“Microsoft Windows” to “Windows” does not mislead "
+"anyone as to that system's nature and origin. Shortening "
+"“GNU/Linux” to “Linux” does give the wrong idea of "
+"where the system comes from."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙاس Ù٠اÙبÙدا٠اÙÙ
تÙدÙ
Ø© ÙعرÙÙ٠أÙ
”ÙÙÙدÙز“ ÙظاÙ
Ø·Ùرت٠Ù
اÙÙرÙسÙÙØªØ "
+"ÙÙذا Ùإ٠اختصار ”Ù
اÙÙرÙسÙÙت ÙÙÙدÙز“
Ø¥ÙÙ ”ÙÙÙدÙز“ ÙÙ ÙضÙÙ "
+"Ø£ØدÙا Ù٠طبÙعة Ùأص٠اÙÙظاÙ
. اختصار
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø¥ÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“ "
+"Ùعط٠تصÙرÙا خاطئÙا ع٠أص٠اÙÙظاÙ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The question is itself misleading because GNU and Microsoft are not the same "
+"kind of thing. Microsoft is a company; GNU is an operating system."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙسؤا٠ÙÙس٠خطأ Ùأ٠غÙÙ ÙÙ
اÙÙرÙسÙÙت ÙÙسا
اÙØ´ÙØ¡ ذاتÙ. Ù
اÙÙرÙسÙÙت شرÙØ©Ø Ø£Ù
ا غÙÙ ÙÙظاÙ
"
+"تشغÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Isn't GNU a collection of programming tools that were included in
Linux?"
+msgstr "Ø£ÙÙس غÙÙ Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠اÙأدÙات اÙبرÙ
جÙØ©
اÙت٠ضÙÙ
ÙÙت ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+"“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became "
+"popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an "
+"operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that "
+"operating system is labeled “Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+"إ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ ÙاÙ
Ù ÙدÙÙÙ
تصÙر خاطئ عÙ
ا Ù٠غÙÙ. Ùد ÙعتÙدÙÙ "
+"أ٠غÙ٠اسÙ
Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠اÙبراÙ
Ø¬Ø ÙØ£ØÙاÙÙا
ÙÙÙÙÙÙ ”أدÙات برÙ
جÙØ©“ Ùأ٠بعض "
+"أدÙاتÙا اÙبرÙ
جÙØ© صارت Ù
Ø´ÙÙرة باÙÙسبة ÙÙÙ
.
Ø¥Ù ÙÙÙ ”غÙÙ“ اسÙ
ÙÙظاÙ
"
+"اÙتشغÙ٠صعبة Ù٠اÙإطار اÙØ°Ù ÙتخÙÙÙÙÙØ
ÙاÙذ٠اسÙ
ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ ÙÙÙ "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the "
+"project to develop the GNU system. (See <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">the 1983 initial announcement</a>.)"
+msgstr ""
+"سÙ
Ù Ù
شرÙع غÙ٠عÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠غÙÙØ ÙÙÙ Ù
شرÙع ÙتطÙÙر ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ. (راجع <a "
+"href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.ar.html\">إعÙا٠عاÙ
1983
اÙØ£ÙÙÙ</a>.)"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"We developed programs such as GCC, GNU Emacs, GAS, GLIBC, BASH, etc., "
+"because we needed them for the GNU operating system. GCC, the GNU Compiler "
+"Collection is the compiler that we wrote for the GNU operating system. We, "
+"the many people working on the GNU Project, developed Ghostscript, GNUCash, "
+"GNU Chess and GNOME for the GNU system too."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙد Ø·ÙرÙا براÙ
جÙا Ù
Ø«Ù GCC Ù GNU Emacs Ù GAS Ù GLIBC Ù
BASH ÙغÙرÙØ§Ø ÙØ£ÙÙا اØتجÙا Ø¥ÙÙ "
+"ÙجÙدÙا ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠غÙÙ. GCC (Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
صرÙات غÙÙ) Ù٠اÙÙ
صر٠اÙØ°Ù ÙتبÙا٠ÙÙظاÙ
"
+"اÙتشغÙ٠عÙÙ. ÙÙد Ø·ÙرÙا (ÙØ٠اÙعاÙ
ÙÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ) Ghostscript Ù GNUCash ÙشطرÙج غÙÙ "
+"ÙغÙÙÙ
ÙÙظاÙ
غÙ٠أÙضÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "What is the difference between an operating system and a kernel?"
+msgstr "Ù
ا اÙÙر٠بÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ ÙاÙÙÙاةØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"An operating system, as we use the term, means a collection of programs that "
+"are sufficient to use the computer to do a wide variety of jobs. A general "
+"purpose operating system, to be complete, ought to handle all the jobs that "
+"many users may want to do."
+msgstr ""
+"عÙدÙ
ا ÙستخدÙ
Ù
صطÙØ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ ÙØ¥ÙÙا
ÙعÙÙ Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠اÙبراÙ
ج اÙÙاÙÙØ© ÙاستخداÙ
"
+"اÙØاسÙب ÙÙÙÙاÙ
بÙ
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠اÙÙ
ÙÙ
ات. Ùجب Ø£Ù
ÙتÙ
ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙÙاÙ
باÙÙ
ÙÙ
ات اÙت٠"
+"ÙرÙدÙا ÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙÙ Ù
ÙتÙ
Ùا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The kernel is one of the programs in an operating system—the program "
+"that allocates the machine's resources to the other programs that are "
+"running. The kernel also takes care of starting and stopping other "
+"programs."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙÙاة برÙاÙ
ج ÙاØد ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ ÙÙÙ
اÙبرÙاÙ
ج اÙØ°Ù ÙÙزع Ù
Ùارد اÙجÙاز عÙ٠بÙÙØ© "
+"اÙبراÙ
ج اÙذ٠تعÙ
Ù. تتÙÙ٠اÙÙÙاة Ø£Ùضا بدء
ÙتشغÙ٠اÙبراÙ
ج اÙأخرÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
+"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
+"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
+"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
+"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
+"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
+"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
+msgstr ""
+"بعض اÙÙاس ÙتخدÙ
ÙÙ Ù
صطÙØ ”ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ“ ÙÙإشارة Ø¥ÙÙ ”اÙÙÙاة“ "
+"ÙÙتشÙÙØ´. ÙÙا اÙاستخداÙ
ÙÙ ÙدÙ
ÙاÙ. استخداÙ
”ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ“ ÙÙإشارة Ø¥ÙÙ "
+"”اÙÙÙاة“ Ù
ÙجÙد Ù٠عدد Ù
٠اÙÙتب اÙتÙ
تتÙاÙ٠تصÙ
ÙÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
Ù
ÙØ° اÙتسعÙÙÙات. "
+"ÙÙ ÙÙس اÙÙÙت (Ù٠اÙتسعÙÙÙات) Ùا٠اÙÙ
ÙصÙد
ب”ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس“ تضÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙ "
+"براÙ
ج اÙÙظاÙ
Ø Ø¨Ù Øت٠إ٠Ùسخة بÙرÙÙÙ Ù
Ù
ÙÙÙÙس تضÙ
Ùت Ø£ÙعابÙا. ÙبÙ
ا Ø£ÙÙا خططÙا ÙØ£Ù
ÙÙÙÙ "
+"غÙÙ ÙظاÙ
تشغÙ٠شبÙ٠بÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙستخدÙ
اÙÙ
صطÙØ ”ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ“ ÙÙ ÙÙس "
+"اÙسÙاÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
+"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
+"software you mean."
+msgstr ""
+"عÙدÙ
ا ÙتØدث اÙÙاس ع٠”ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙÙ
ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙ ”ÙظاÙ
"
+"اÙتشغÙÙ“ ÙÙ ÙÙس اÙسÙا٠اÙØ°Ù ÙستخدÙ
Ù
ÙØÙ: ÙعÙÙÙ Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
تÙاÙ
ÙØ© Ù
٠اÙبراÙ
ج. إذا "
+"Ùا٠Ùذا Ù
ا تعÙÙÙØ ÙÙ
Ù ÙضÙ٠سÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“. إذا ÙÙت تعÙ٠اÙÙÙاة "
+"ÙØدÙØ§Ø ÙØ¥Ù ”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اÙاسÙ
اÙصØÙØØ
ÙÙÙ Ù
Ù ÙضÙÙ ÙÙ ”اÙÙÙاة“ "
+"Ø£ÙضÙا ÙتÙاد٠اÙÙغط اÙØ°Ù Ùد ÙÙتج ع٠عدÙ
ÙضÙØ Ø§Ùجزء اÙذ٠تشÙر Ø¥ÙÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+"“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+"GNU/Linux system distributions."
+msgstr ""
+"إذا ÙÙت تÙض٠استخداÙ
Ù
صطÙØ Ø¢Ø®Ø± Ù
Ø«Ù
”تÙزÙعة ÙظاÙ
“ ÙÙ
جÙ
Ùعة ÙاÙ
ÙØ© Ù
Ù "
+"اÙبراÙ
Ø¬Ø Ø¨Ø¯Ùا Ù
Ù ”ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ“Ø ÙÙا
بأس ÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ. سÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ ØدÙث٠ع٠"
+"تÙزÙعات ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"The kernel of a system is like the foundation of a house. How can a house "
+"be almost complete when it doesn't have a foundation?"
+msgstr "ÙÙاة اÙÙظاÙ
Ù
ث٠أساس اÙÙ
ÙزÙ. ÙÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ
Ùز٠أ٠ÙÙÙ٠شب٠Ù
ÙتÙ
٠بدÙ٠اÙأساسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"A kernel is not much like the foundation of a house because building an "
+"operating system is not much like building a house."
+msgstr "إ٠اÙÙÙاة ÙÙست Ù
ث٠أساس اÙÙ
Ùز٠ÙØ£Ù
بÙاء ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ ÙÙس Ù
ث٠بÙاء اÙÙ
ÙزÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"A house is built from lots of little general parts that are cut and put "
+"together in situ. They have to be put together from the bottom up. Thus, "
+"when the foundation has not been built, no substantial part has been built; "
+"all you have is a hole in the ground."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙ
Ùز٠ÙبÙÙ Ù
٠أجزاء صغÙرة تÙص ÙتÙضع ÙÙ Ù
ÙضعÙا. Ùجب Ø£Ù ÙضعÙا اÙأجزاء Ù
٠اÙأسÙ٠إÙÙ "
+"اÙأعÙÙ. ÙÙذا ÙبدÙ٠اÙأساس Ùا ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠ÙÙجد
اÙبÙØ§Ø¡Ø ÙÙÙ Ù
ا سÙÙجد ØÙرة Ù٠اÙأرض."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"By contrast, an operating system consists of complex components that can be "
+"developed in any order. When you have developed most of the components, "
+"most of the work is done. This is much more like the International Space "
+"Station than like a house. If most of the Space Station modules were in "
+"orbit but awaiting one other essential module, that would be like the GNU "
+"system in 1992."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠عÙس ÙØ°Ø§Ø ÙÙÙ ÙتÙÙÙ Ù
Ù Ù
ÙÙÙات Ù
عÙدة ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠تÙØ·ÙÙر بأ٠ترتÙب. إذا "
+"Ø·Ùرت Ù
عظÙ
اÙأدÙØ§ØªØ ÙØ¥Ù Ù
عظÙ
اÙعÙ
Ù Ùد
اÙتÙÙ. اÙØ£Ù
ر Ùشب٠بÙاء Ù
Øطة اÙÙضاء اÙدÙÙÙØ© "
+"(بدÙا Ù
Ù Ù
Ùز٠عادÙ). ÙÙ ÙاÙت Ù
عظÙ
أجزاء اÙÙ
Øطة Ù٠اÙÙ
دارس تÙتظر Ù
ÙÙÙÙا ÙاØدÙا "
+"جÙÙرÙÙØ§Ø ÙØ¥Ù Ùذا سÙشب٠Ùضع غÙ٠عاÙ
1992."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Isn't the kernel the brain of the system?"
+msgstr "Ø£ÙÙست اÙÙÙاة عÙ٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"A computer system is not much like a human body, and no part of it plays a "
+"role comparable to that of the brain in a human."
+msgstr "ÙظاÙ
اÙØاسب Ùا Ùشب٠اÙجسÙ
اÙبشرÙ
ÙØ«ÙرÙØ§Ø ÙÙا Ø´ÙØ¡ ÙÙÙ Ùشب٠دÙر اÙعÙÙ Ù٠اÙجسÙ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Isn't writing the kernel most of the work in an operating system?"
+msgstr "Ø£Ùا تÙ
Ø«Ù Ùتابة اÙÙÙاة Ù
عظÙ
عÙ
Ù ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid "No, many components take a lot of work."
+msgstr "ÙØ§Ø Ø§ÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙأجزاء تتطÙب اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù
اÙعÙ
Ù."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"We're calling the whole system after the kernel, Linux. Isn't it normal to "
+"name an operating system after a kernel?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙØÙ ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙاÙ
٠عÙÙ ÙÙاتÙØ ÙÙÙÙس.
Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙطبÙع٠أ٠تÙسÙ
Ù٠أÙظÙ
Ø© اÙتشغÙ٠عÙÙ
"
+"Ø£ÙÙÙتÙاØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
+"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
+"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
+"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùذ٠اÙÙ
Ù
ارسة Ùادرة جدÙØ§Ø ÙÙ
Ùجد Ø£Ù Ù
ثاÙ
عدا سÙØ¡ استخداÙ
اÙاسÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“. "
+"ÙتÙ
تطÙÙر ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠عادة ÙÙ Ù
شرÙع ÙاØد Ù
ÙظÙ
Ø ÙÙختار اÙÙ
Ø·ÙرÙ٠اسÙ
Ùا ÙÙÙظاÙ
"
+"اÙÙ
تÙاÙ
Ù. ÙÙس ÙÙÙÙاة عادة اسÙ
بذاتÙاØ
ÙاÙÙاس ÙÙÙÙÙÙ ”ÙÙاة Ùذا ÙÙذا“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression "
+"“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning "
+"“the kernel of Linux” and implying that Linux must be more than "
+"a kernel. You can avoid the possibility of this misunderstanding by saying "
+"or writing “the kernel, Linux” or “Linux, the "
+"kernel.”"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙØ£Ù ÙØ°Ù٠اÙتÙسرÙÙ Ù
ستخدÙ
ا٠باÙتÙاÙØ¨Ø ÙÙÙ
Ù٠إساءة تÙسÙر اÙتعبÙر ”ÙÙاة "
+"ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙØµØ¨Ø Ù
عÙاÙا ”ÙÙاة ÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙÙس“. تستطÙع تÙاد٠Ùذا اÙÙبس بÙÙÙ "
+"(Ø£Ù Ùتابة) ”اÙÙÙاة ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø£Ù
”ÙÙÙÙس (اÙÙÙاة)“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"The problem with “GNU/Linux” is that it is too long. How about "
+"recommending a shorter name?"
+msgstr "Ù
Ø´ÙÙØ© ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø£ÙÙ Ø·ÙÙ٠جدÙا.
Ù٠تÙترØÙ٠اسÙ
Ùا Ø£ÙصرØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
+msgstr ""
+"جربÙا ÙÙترة اÙاسÙ
ÙÙغÙÙÙس ÙاÙØ°Ù ÙجÙ
ع بÙÙ
اÙاسÙ
ÙÙ ”غÙÙ“ Ù "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙÙ٠استجابة اÙÙاس ÙاÙت سÙئة
جدة. Ø¥Ù ÙاسÙ
"
+"”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙبÙ٠أÙثر."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"call it “GNU/Linux” for the reasons given below."
+msgstr ""
+"إ٠أÙصر اسÙ
Ù
شرÙع ÙÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙ ”غÙÙ“
ÙÙÙÙا ÙسÙ
ÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ "
+"ÙÙأسباب اÙÙ
ÙÙضØØ© أدÙاÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Since Linux is a secondary contribution, would it be false to the facts to "
+"call the system simply “GNU”?"
+msgstr ""
+"بÙ
ا Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙس Ù
ساÙÙ
Ø© ثاÙÙÙØ©Ø Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙÙ
ÙاÙض ÙÙØÙÙÙØ© تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ“ "
+"ÙØسبØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It would not be false to the facts, but it is not the best thing to do. "
+"Here are the reasons we call that system version “GNU/Linux” "
+"rather than just “GNU”:"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙØ§Ø ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ Ù
ÙاÙضÙا ÙÙØÙائÙØ ÙÙÙÙ ÙÙس
اÙتصر٠اÙØ£Ù
Ø«Ù. "
+"أدÙا٠سبب تسÙ
ÙتÙا Ùسخة اÙÙظاÙ
تÙÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بدÙا Ù
Ù ”غÙÙ“:"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"It's not exactly GNU—it has a different kernel (that is, Linux). "
+"Distinguishing GNU/Linux from GNU is useful."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙس غÙÙ ÙÙسٗإ٠ÙدÙÙ ÙÙاة أخرÙ
(ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس). "
+"اÙتÙرÙ٠بÙ٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙغÙÙ Ù
ÙÙد."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"It would be ungentlemanly to ask people to <em>stop</em> giving any credit "
+"to Linus Torvalds. He did write an important component of the system. We "
+"want to get credit for launching and sustaining the system's development, "
+"but this doesn't mean we should treat Linus the same way those who call the "
+"system “Linux” treat us. We strongly disagree with his "
+"political views, but we deal with that disagreement honorably and openly, "
+"rather than by trying to cut him out of the credit for his contribution to "
+"the system."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙأدب Ø£Ù ÙØ·Ùب Ù
٠اÙÙاس <em>ÙÙÙ</em> Ùسب
اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز. ÙÙد ÙاÙ
"
+"بÙتابة Ù
ÙÙÙ ÙاÙ
Ù
٠اÙÙظاÙ
. Ø¥ÙÙا ÙÙد Ø£Ù ÙÙسب
Ø¥ÙÙÙا اÙÙظاÙ
ÙإطÙا٠ÙÙ
ÙاصÙØ© تطÙÙر "
+"اÙÙظاÙ
Ø ÙÙÙ Ùذا Ùا ÙعÙ٠أ٠عÙÙÙا Ù
عاÙ
ÙØ©
ÙÙÙÙاس بÙÙس اÙطرÙÙØ© اÙت٠ÙعاÙ
ÙÙا بÙا Ø£ÙÙئ٠"
+"اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙØÙ
ÙختÙ٠تÙ
اÙ
Ùا Ù
ع آرائ٠اÙÙÙسÙÙØ©Ø ÙÙÙÙا "
+"ÙعاÙج Ù
ع Ùذا اÙØ®Ùا٠باØتراÙ
ÙاÙÙتاØØ ÙÙÙس
بإÙصائ٠Ù
Ù Ùسب Ù
ساÙÙ
ت٠إÙ٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"what they have heard about."
+msgstr ""
+"Ø¥Ù ÙØ«Ùرا Ù
٠اÙÙاس ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙ ÙÙÙا ”غÙÙ“ ÙÙÙ "
+"ÙعرÙÙا Ø£ÙÙا ÙتØدث ع٠اÙÙظاÙ
ذاتÙ. إذا ÙÙÙا
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙسÙربطÙ٠بÙÙÙ "
+"ÙبÙÙ Ù
ا سÙ
عÙا عÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"fee?"
+msgstr ""
+"سÙÙ ÙتÙجب عÙ٠دÙع رسÙ
Ù
Ùاب٠استخداÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اسÙ
Ù
ÙØªØ¬Ø ÙÙÙس اÙØ£Ù
ر "
+"ÙÙطب٠عÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙ Ù
٠اÙخطأ Ø£Ù
أستخدÙ
اÙاسÙ
”غÙÙ“ "
+"بدÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“, ÙأتÙاد٠اÙرسÙÙ
Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically, "
+"that's what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit "
+"as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing so."
+msgstr ""
+"تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ“ ÙÙست Ø®Ø·Ø£Ø ÙÙذا ÙÙ
أساس اÙÙظاÙ
. Ù
٠اÙÙط٠أ٠تÙسب٠إÙÙ "
+"ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز Ø£ÙØ¶Ø§Ø ÙÙÙÙ Ùست Ù
طاÙبا
باÙدÙع ÙÙÙÙاÙ
بذÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùذا إذا أردت اÙإشارة Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙاÙ
Ù
ب”غÙÙ“ ÙتجÙب دÙع رسÙÙ
تسÙ
Ùت٠"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙÙ ÙتÙدÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Many other projects contributed to the system as it is today; it includes "
+"TeX, X11, Apache, Perl, and many more programs. Don't your arguments imply "
+"we have to give them credit too? (But that would lead to a name so long it "
+"is absurd.)"
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙ
شارÙع اÙأخر٠ÙدÙ
ت Ù
ساÙÙ
ات
ÙÙÙظاÙ
اÙØاÙÙØ Ù
٠ضÙ
ÙÙا تخ ٠إÙس11 Ùأباتش٠"
+"ÙبÙر٠ÙاÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙبراÙ
ج اÙأخرÙ. Ø£Ùا تعÙÙ
Øجت٠أ٠عÙÙÙا Ùسب اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙÙÙ
Ø£ÙضÙØ§Ø (ÙÙÙ "
+"Ùذا سÙÙ Ùؤد٠بÙا Ø¥Ù٠اسÙ
Ø·ÙÙ٠جدÙا ÙÙا Ù
عÙÙÙ)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"What we say is that you ought to give the system's principal developer a "
+"share of the credit. The principal developer is the GNU Project, and the "
+"system is basically GNU."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙØÙ ÙÙÙ٠أ٠عÙÙ٠تÙسب اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙ Ù
Ø·ÙرÙÙ
اÙأصÙ٠أÙضÙا. اÙÙØ·Ùر اÙأصÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
شرÙع غÙÙØ "
+"ÙاÙÙظاÙ
Ù٠أصÙا غÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"If you feel even more strongly about giving credit where it is due, you "
+"might feel that some secondary contributors also deserve credit in the "
+"system's name. If so, far be it from us to argue against it. If you feel "
+"that X11 deserves credit in the system's name, and you want to call the "
+"system GNU/X11/Linux, please do. If you feel that Perl simply cries out for "
+"mention, and you want to write GNU/Linux/Perl, go ahead."
+msgstr ""
+"إذا ÙÙت تشعر بضرÙرة Ùسب اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥Ù٠بعض اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ù٠اÙثاÙÙÙÙÙ Ù٠اÙاسÙ
ÙÙÙ ÙجادÙÙ ÙÙ "
+"Ø°ÙÙ. إذا ÙÙت تعتÙد أ٠إÙس11 تستØ٠اÙإشارة ÙÙ
اسÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
Ø Ùإذا أردت تسÙ
Ùت٠"
+"غÙÙ/Ø¥Ùس11/ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙاÙع٠ذÙÙ Ù
٠رجاءÙ. إذا
شعرت أ٠بÙر٠ØزÙÙØ© عÙ٠عدÙ
Ø°ÙرÙØ§Ø Ùأردت "
+"Ùتابة اÙاسÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس/بÙرÙØ ÙÙا تتردد ÙÙ
Ø°ÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Since a long name such as GNU/X11/Apache/Linux/TeX/Perl/Python/FreeCiv "
+"becomes absurd, at some point you will have to set a threshold and omit the "
+"names of the many other secondary contributions. There is no one obvious "
+"right place to set the threshold, so wherever you set it, we won't argue "
+"against it."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙبÙ
ا أ٠اÙأسÙ
اء اÙØ·ÙÙÙØ© Ù
Ø«Ù
غÙÙ/Ø¥Ùس11/أباتشÙ/ÙÙÙÙس/تخ/بÙرÙ/باÙØ«ÙÙ/FreeCiv Ùا
Ù
عÙÙÙØ©Ø "
+"ÙسÙأت٠ÙÙت تضع ÙÙÙ ØدÙا ÙتØذ٠أسÙ
اء ÙØ«Ùر Ù
اÙÙ
ساÙاÙ
ات اÙثاÙÙÙØ© اÙأخرÙ. Ùا ÙÙجد Øد "
+"Ùاص٠ÙØ§Ø¶Ø ÙÙ
Ù٠اÙتÙÙ٠عÙدÙØ ÙÙذا Ùإ٠اÙÙ
جا٠ÙÙ Ù
ÙتÙØØ ÙÙÙ ÙجادÙÙ ÙÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
+"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is "
+"“Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one "
+"secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution "
+"(GNU)."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙØدÙد اÙÙاصÙØ© اÙÙ
ختÙÙØ© سÙ٠تÙÙد Ø¥ÙÙ
اختÙار أسÙ
اء Ù
Ø®ÙÙÙØ© ÙÙÙظاÙ
Ø ÙÙ٠اسÙ
Ùا
ÙاØدÙا ÙÙ "
+"ÙÙتج Ù
Ù Ù
ØاÙÙØ© اÙعد٠ÙÙسب اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙ
ÙاتبÙÙ Ù
ÙÙ
ا Ùا٠اÙØد اÙÙاص٠ÙÙÙ "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙعد٠Ùسب اÙÙ٠إÙÙ Ù
ساÙÙ
Ø© ÙرعÙØ© (ÙÙÙÙس) ÙتجاÙ٠اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
"
+"اÙرئÙس٠(غÙÙ)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Many other projects contributed to the system as it is today, but they don't "
+"insist on calling it XYZ/Linux. Why should we treat GNU specially?"
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙ
شارÙع ÙدÙ
ت Ù
ساÙÙ
ات ÙÙÙظاÙ
اÙØاÙÙØ ÙÙÙÙÙ
Ùا ÙصرÙ٠عÙ٠تسÙ
Ùت٠س/ÙÙÙÙس. "
+"ÙÙ
اذا ÙعاÙ
٠غÙÙ Ù
عاÙ
ÙØ© خاصةØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Thousands of projects have developed programs commonly included in today's "
+"GNU/Linux systems. They all deserve credit for their contributions, but "
+"they aren't the principal developers of the system as a whole, so they don't "
+"ask to be credited as such."
+msgstr ""
+"Ø¢Ùا٠اÙÙ
شارÙع Ø·Ùرت براÙ
ج تÙضÙ
ÙÙ Ù٠أÙظÙ
Ø©
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ø© اÙÙÙÙ
. جÙ
ÙعÙا تستØÙ "
+"اÙØ¥Ø´Ø§Ø¯Ø©Ø ÙÙÙÙÙ
ÙÙسÙا اÙÙ
Ø·ÙرÙ٠اÙرئÙسÙÙÙ
ÙÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙ
تÙاÙ
ÙØ ÙÙذا ÙØ¥ÙÙÙ
Ùا ÙØ·ÙبÙÙ "
+"اÙإشارة باÙطرÙÙØ© ذاتÙا"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"GNU is different because it is more than just a contributed program, more "
+"than just a collection of contributed programs. GNU is the framework on "
+"which the system was made."
+msgstr ""
+"غÙÙ Ù
ختÙÙ ÙØ£Ù٠أÙثر Ù
Ù Ù
جرد برÙاÙ
ج Ù
ساÙÙ
بÙØ Ø¥Ù٠أÙثر Ù
Ù Ù
جرد Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠اÙبراÙ
ج "
+"اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
بÙا. غÙÙ Ù٠إطار اÙعÙ
٠اÙذ٠أسس
اÙÙظاÙ
عÙÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, so why should we
mention it?"
+msgstr "غÙ٠جزء صغÙر Ù
٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ø ÙÙ
اذا عÙÙÙا Ø£Ù
ÙØ°ÙرÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it "
+"“Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙجدÙا ÙÙ 2008 Ø£Ù ØزÙ
غÙÙ ÙÙÙÙت 15% Ù
Ù Ù
خزÙ
”main“ ÙتÙزÙعة غÙÙÙسÙس "
+"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. Ø´ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس 1.5% Ù
ÙÙا. ÙÙذا ÙØ¥Ù ÙÙس
اÙØجة سÙ٠تÙطب٠أÙثر عÙÙ Ù
Ù ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an even smaller "
+"fraction. But they are the system's core; the system was made by combining "
+"them. Thus, the name “GNU/Linux” remains appropriate."
+msgstr ""
+"غÙ٠جزء صغÙر Ù
٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙÙÙ
Ø ÙÙÙÙÙس جزء
أصغر Ù
ÙÙ. ÙÙÙÙÙ
ا أساس اÙÙظاÙ
. ÙÙد بÙÙÙ "
+"اÙÙظاÙ
باÙجÙ
ع بÙÙÙÙ
ا. ÙÙذا Ùإ٠اسÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اÙÙ
Ùاسب."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Many companies contributed to the system as it is today; doesn't that mean "
+"we ought to call it GNU/Redhat/Novell/Linux?"
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙشرÙات ÙدÙ
ت Ù
ساÙÙ
ات Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙØاÙÙØ Ø£Ùا ÙعÙÙ Ùذا أ٠عÙÙÙا Ø£Ù ÙسÙ
ÙÙ "
+"غÙÙ/ردÙات/ÙÙÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"GNU is not comparable to Red Hat or Novell; it is not a company, or an "
+"organization, or even an activity. GNU is an operating system. (When we "
+"speak of the GNU Project, that refers to the project to develop the GNU "
+"system.) The GNU/Linux system is based on GNU, and that's why GNU ought to "
+"appear in its name."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùا ÙÙ
ÙÙ Ù
ÙارÙØ© غÙ٠بردÙات Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙØ ÙÙÙ ÙÙس
شرÙØ© Ø£Ù Ù
ÙظÙ
Ø© Ø£Ù Øت٠Ùشاط. غÙÙ ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ."
+" (عÙدÙ
ا ÙتØدث ع٠Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙØ´Ùر Ø¥ÙÙ
اÙÙ
شرÙع اÙÙ
ختص بتطÙÙر ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ). ÙظاÙ
"
+"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس Ù
بÙ٠عÙ٠غÙÙØ ÙÙذا Ùإ٠غÙÙ Ùجب Ø£Ù
ÙظÙر Ù٠اÙاسÙ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Much of those companies' contribution to the GNU/Linux system lies in the "
+"code they have contributed to various GNU packages including GCC and GNOME. "
+"Saying GNU/Linux gives credit to those companies along with all the rest of "
+"the GNU developers."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
عظÙ
Ù
ساÙÙ
Ø© اÙشرÙات ÙÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس Ù
ÙجÙدة ÙÙ Ù
ساÙÙ
تÙÙ
ÙØزÙ
عدÙدة تابعة ÙعÙ٠بÙ
ا
"
+"ÙÙÙا GCC ÙغÙÙÙ
Ø Ø§ÙØ£Ù
ر اÙØ°Ù ÙعÙÙ ÙجÙد
اÙإشارة Ø¥Ù٠اÙشرÙات ÙÙ
عÙا ÙÙ Ù
Ø·Ùر٠غÙÙ
اÙآخرÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Why do you write “GNU/Linux” instead of “GNU
Linux”?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا تÙتبÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بدÙا Ù
Ù
”غÙÙ ÙÙÙÙسx“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
+"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
+msgstr ""
+"استÙادÙا Ø¥ÙÙ ÙÙاعد اÙÙغة اÙØ¥ÙجÙÙزÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥Ù
تÙسÙر ”غÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø£Ù "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù
ضاÙØ© Ø¥ÙÙ ”غÙÙ“. Ùذا Ø¥Ù
ا Ø£Ù ÙعÙÙ ”Ùسخة غÙÙ Ù
Ù "
+"ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø£Ù ”ØزÙ
Ø© ÙÙÙÙس اÙتابعة
ÙغÙÙ“Ø ÙÙÙا اÙÙ
عÙÙÙ٠خاطئ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Linux is not a GNU package; that is, it wasn't developed under the GNU "
+"Project's aegis or contributed specifically to the GNU Project. Linus "
+"Torvalds wrote Linux independently, as his own project. So the "
+"“Linux, which is a GNU package” meaning is not right."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙس ØزÙ
Ø© تابعة ÙغÙÙØ ÙÙذا ÙعÙ٠أÙÙا
ÙÙ
تطÙر تØت ÙÙاء Ù
شرÙع غÙ٠أ٠تÙ
ت اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ø© "
+"بÙا خصÙصÙا ÙÙ
شرÙع غÙÙ. ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙÙدز Ùتب
ÙÙÙÙس Ù
ستÙÙØ§Ø ÙÙ
شرÙع خاص ب٠ÙÙذا ÙØ¥Ù "
+"”ØزÙ
Ø© ÙÙÙÙس اÙتابعة ÙغÙÙ“ ÙÙست
صائبة."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a "
+"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate version of "
+"Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains non-free "
+"firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project, it "
+"could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want to call "
+"it that, because it would be too confusing."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙØÙ Ùا ÙتØدث ع٠Ùسخة غÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙÙاة ÙÙÙÙس.
ÙتÙزÙعات غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس اÙØرة <a "
+"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>Ùسخة خاصة Ù
Ù
ÙÙÙÙس</a> Ùأ٠اÙÙسخة "
+"”اÙÙÙاسÙØ©“ تØتÙ٠براÙ
ج ثابتة غÙر Øرة
“blobs”. ÙÙ ÙاÙت جزءÙا "
+"Ù
Ù Ù
شرÙع غÙÙØ ÙØ£Ù
Ù٠تسÙ
ÙتÙا ”غÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙÙÙÙا Ùا ÙرÙد Ø£Ù ÙسÙ
ÙÙا بÙØ°Ø§Ø "
+"ÙØ£Ù Ùذا Ù
ØÙر جدÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
+"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙØÙ ÙتØدث ع٠Ùسخة Ù
٠غÙÙ (ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ)Ø Ù
Ù
Ùزة بأÙÙا تستخدÙ
ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙÙاة ÙÙا. اÙشرطة "
+"اÙÙ
ائÙØ© Ù
Ùاسبة ÙÙذ٠اÙØاÙØ© ÙØ£ÙÙا تعÙÙ
”اÙجÙ
ع“ (تذÙر "
+"”إدخاÙ/إخراج“.) Ùذا اÙÙظاÙ
Ù٠جÙ
ع بÙÙ
غÙÙ ÙÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙÙØ°ÙÙ Ùإ٠اسÙ
Ù "
+"”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
+"Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+"”اÙجÙ
ع“تÙجد طر٠أخر٠ÙÙتعبÙر عÙ. إذا
ÙÙت تعتÙد أ٠عÙاÙ
Ø© اÙزائد Ø£ÙضØØ ÙÙ
Ù "
+"ÙضÙ٠استخدÙ
Ùا. Ù٠اÙإسباÙÙØ© اÙشرطة اÙÙ
رتÙعة ÙاضØØ©: ”غÙÙ-ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙ "
+"اÙإسباÙÙØ©Ø ÙÙÙ٠أØÙاÙÙا ”غÙÙ ÙÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Why “GNU/Linux” rather than “Linux/GNU”?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بدÙا Ù
Ù
”ÙÙÙÙس/غÙÙ“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It is right and proper to mention the principal contribution first. The GNU "
+"contribution to the system is not only bigger than Linux and prior to Linux, "
+"we actually started the whole activity."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
٠اÙأصÙب Ø°Ùر اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
اÙرئÙس٠أÙÙا. Ù
ساÙÙ
Ø©
غÙ٠إÙ٠اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙست Ø£Ùبر Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙس ÙØسب ب٠"
+"Ø£ÙدÙ
. Ù٠اÙØÙÙÙØ© ÙÙد بدأÙا اÙØرÙØ© ÙÙÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
+"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ٠إذا ÙÙت تÙض٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس/غÙÙ“Ø ÙÙذا Ø£Ùض٠بÙثر Ù
Ù
ا ÙÙعÙÙ "
+"اÙÙاس Ø¹Ø§Ø¯Ø©Ø ÙÙ٠تجاÙ٠غÙ٠تÙ
اÙ
Ùا ÙتسÙ
ÙØ©
اÙÙظاÙ
بطرÙÙØ© تØÙ٠أÙ٠باÙÙاÙ
Ù ÙÙÙÙس."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"My distro is called “Foobar Linux”; doesn't that show it's "
+"really Linux?"
+msgstr "اسÙ
تÙزÙعت٠”س ÙÙÙÙس“Ø Ø£Ùا ÙعÙÙ
Ùذا Ø£ÙÙا ÙعÙا ÙÙÙÙسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It means that the people who make the “Foobar Linux” distro are "
+"repeating the common mistake."
+msgstr "Ùذا ÙعÙ٠أ٠اÙØ°Ù٠أÙشؤÙا تÙزÙعة ”س
ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙررÙ٠اÙخطأ اÙشائع."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"My distro's official name is “Foobar Linux”; isn't it wrong to "
+"call the distro anything but “Linux”?"
+msgstr ""
+"اسÙ
تÙزÙعت٠اÙرسÙ
Ù ”س ÙÙÙÙس“Ø Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙخطأ تسÙ
ÙتÙا بأ٠شÙØ¡ غÙر "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"If it's allowed for them to change “GNU” to “Foobar "
+"Linux”, it's allowed for you to change it back and call the distro "
+"“Foobar GNU/Linux”. It can't be more wrong to correct the "
+"mistake than it was to make the mistake."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙسÙ
Ø ÙÙÙ
بتغÙÙر ”غÙÙ“ Ø¥ÙÙ ”س
ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙسÙ
Ø Ù٠بإعادت٠إÙÙ Ù
ا "
+"Ùا٠عÙÙÙ ÙتسÙ
ÙØ© اÙتÙزÙعة ”س
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“. تصØÙØ Ø§Ùخطأ ÙÙس أسÙØ£ Ù
Ù
اÙÙÙاÙ
"
+"بÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Wouldn't it be more effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and "
+"IBM to call their distributions “GNU/Linux” rather than asking "
+"individuals?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£ÙÙس اÙØ£Ùض٠أ٠تطÙبÙا Ù
٠اÙشرÙات Ù
Ø«Ù Ù
اÙدرÙÙ ÙردÙات Ùآ٠ب٠إÙ
تسÙ
ÙØ© تÙزÙعاتÙا "
+"”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بدÙا Ù
٠أ٠تطÙبÙا Ù
Ù
اÙØ£ÙرادØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It isn't a choice of one or the other—we ask companies and "
+"organizations and individuals to help spread the word about this. In fact, "
+"we have asked all three of those companies. Mandrake said it would use the "
+"term “GNU/Linux” some of the time, but IBM and Red Hat were "
+"unwilling to help. One executive said, “This is a pure commercial "
+"decision; we expect to make more money calling it "
+"‘Linux’.” In other words, that company did not care what "
+"was right."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙضÙØ© ÙÙست اختÙار طر٠عÙ٠آخر. Ø¥ÙÙا ÙØ·Ùب Ù
٠اÙشرÙات ÙاÙÙ
ÙظÙ
ات ÙاÙØ£Ùراد Ù
ساÙدÙا ÙÙ "
+"Ùشر اÙÙعÙ. Ù٠اÙØÙÙÙØ©Ø ÙÙد Ø·ÙبÙا Ù
Ù ÙÙ ÙØ°Ù
اÙشرÙات اÙثاÙثة. ÙاÙت Ù
اÙدرÙ٠أÙÙا سÙÙ "
+"تستخدÙ
Ù
صطÙØ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠بعض اÙÙ
Ø±Ø§ØªØ ÙÙ٠آ٠ب٠إÙ
ÙردÙات رÙضتا "
+"اÙÙ
ساعدة. Ø£Øد اÙتÙÙÙØ°ÙÙÙ Ùا٠”Ø¥Ù Ùذا
Ùرار تجار٠بØØªØ ÙØÙ ÙتÙÙع Ùسب اÙÙ
زÙد Ù
Ù "
+"اÙÙ
ا٠بتسÙ
Ùت٠”ÙÙÙÙس““. بعبارة
أخرÙØ ÙÙ
تÙترث اÙشرÙØ© بÙ
ا Ù٠صائب."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
+"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
+"“GNU/Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùا ÙÙ
Ù٠إجبارÙÙ
عÙÙ Ùع٠اÙصÙØ§Ø¨Ø ÙÙÙÙا
ÙÙسÙا Ù
٠اÙÙÙع اÙØ°Ù ÙستسÙÙ
ÙÙ
جرد أ٠اÙطرÙÙ
ÙÙس "
+"سÙÙا. Ùد Ùا تÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙس ÙÙÙØ° آ٠ب٠إÙ
أ٠ردÙاتØ
ÙÙÙ٠تستطÙع اÙÙ
ساعدة. ÙستطÙع Ù
عا تغÙÙر "
+"اÙØا٠ÙØªØ±Ø¨Ø Ø§ÙشرÙØ© بتسÙ
ÙتÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Wouldn't it be better to reserve the name “GNU/Linux” for "
+"distributions that are purely free software? After all, that is the ideal of "
+"GNU."
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠أ٠ÙØÙظ اسÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙتÙزÙعات اÙØرة باÙÙاÙ
ÙØ
ÙØ°Ù "
+"Ù
بادئ غÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux system "
+"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that non-free "
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of "
+"“Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of "
+"their mission to help users use non-free add-ons, and may even invite "
+"salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as "
+"“helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use "
+"non-free applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even "
+"at the cost of freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙتشار إضاÙØ© اÙبرÙ
جÙات غÙر اÙØرة Ø¥ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس Ù
Ø´ÙÙØ© ÙبÙرة ÙعاÙÙ Ù
ÙÙا Ù
جتÙ
عÙا. "
+"Ø¥ÙÙا تعط٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠اÙطباعÙا Ø£ÙÙ Ùا بأس
Ù٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات غÙر اÙØØ±Ø©Ø Ùأ٠استخداÙ
Ùا Ù
Ù "
+"رÙØ ”ÙÙÙÙس“. اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù Ù
جÙ
Ùعات Ù
ستخدÙ
Ù ”ÙÙÙÙس“ تجع٠ÙÙ "
+"رساÙتÙا Ù
ساعدة اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠عÙ٠استخداÙ
إضاÙات غÙر ØØ±Ø©Ø Ø¨Ù ÙÙد ÙدعÙÙ Ù
ÙدÙب٠Ù
بÙعات "
+"ÙÙبÙعÙا عÙÙÙÙ
باÙجÙ
ÙØ©. ÙتبÙÙÙ Ùد٠”Ù
ساعدة Ù
ستخدÙ
Ù“ غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس (بÙ
ا ÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ "
+"Ù
ساعدتÙÙ
Ù٠تثبÙت تطبÙÙات ÙتعرÙÙات غÙر
Øرة)Ø Ø£Ù Ø¬Ø¹Ù Ø§ÙÙظاÙ
Ù
Ø´ÙÙرÙا Øت٠ÙÙ٠عÙÙ Øساب
"
+"اÙØرÙØ©."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid "The question is how to try to change this."
+msgstr "اÙÙضÙØ© ÙÙ ÙÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙÙÙا تغÙÙر Ø°ÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Given that most of the community which uses GNU with Linux already does not "
+"realize that's what it is, for us to disown these adulterated versions, "
+"saying they are not really GNU, would not teach the users to value freedom "
+"more. They would not get the intended message. They would only respond "
+"they never thought these systems were GNU in the first place."
+msgstr ""
+"بÙ
ا Ø£Ù Ù
عظÙ
Ø£Ùراد Ù
جتÙ
عÙا اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙ
غÙÙ Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس Ùا ÙعÙÙ Ù
ا ÙÙØ Ùإ٠اÙتبرؤ Ù
Ù "
+"Ùذ٠اÙÙسخ ÙÙÙ٠أÙÙا ÙÙست غÙÙ ÙÙ ÙعÙÙ
اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠تÙدÙر اÙØرÙØ©. Ù٠تصÙÙÙ
اÙرساÙØ© اÙتÙ
"
+"ÙØÙ
ÙÙا. ÙÙ Ù
ا سÙÙÙÙÙÙ٠أÙÙÙ
ÙÙ
ÙعÙÙ
Ùا Ø£Ù
تÙ٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© ÙاÙت أساسÙا غÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
+"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+"versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
+"they can start to recognize the distributions that include non-free software "
+"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙسÙÙØ© اÙت٠ÙÙ
ÙÙ Ù
Ù Ø®ÙاÙÙا تعرÙÙ ÙؤÙاء
اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠عÙ٠اÙØرÙØ© Ù٠عÙس Ø°Ù٠تÙ
اÙ
ÙØ§Ø "
+"بإعÙاÙ
ÙÙ
بأ٠Ù٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© <em>أساسÙا</em> Ùسخة Ù
٠غÙÙØ ÙبأÙÙا ÙÙÙا تأسست عÙÙ ÙظاÙ
ÙÙجد "
+"خصÙصÙا Ù
٠أج٠ØرÙØ© اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ. إذا ÙÙÙ
Ùا
Ø°ÙÙ ÙسÙعبرÙ٠اÙتÙزÙعات اÙت٠تØتÙ٠برÙ
جÙات "
+"غÙر Øرة Ù
خطئة ÙÙسخÙا Ù
غشÙشة Ù
٠غÙÙØ Ø¨Ø¯Ùا Ù
٠أ٠ÙعتÙدÙ٠أÙÙا Ùسخ صØÙØØ© ÙÙ
ÙائÙ
Ø© Ù
Ù "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the system "
+"GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis for their "
+"activities. If the Linux User Group in your area has the problems describe "
+"above, we suggest you either campaign within the group to change its "
+"orientation (and name) or start a new group. The people who focus on the "
+"more superficial goals have a right to their views, but don't let them drag "
+"you along!"
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
٠اÙÙ
ÙÙد جدÙا بدء Ù
جÙ
Ùعات Ù
ستخدÙ
Ù
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس اÙت٠تسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙتتبÙÙ
Ø£ÙÙار "
+"Ù
شرÙع غÙ٠أساسÙا ÙÙشاطاتÙا. إذا ÙاÙت Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
ستخدÙ
Ù ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ Ù
ÙØ·Ùت٠تعاÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙ
Ø´ÙÙØ© "
+"أعÙاÙØ ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙÙØªØ±Ø Ø¹ÙÙ٠إÙ
ا أ٠تبدأ ØÙ
ÙØ©
ÙÙ ÙÙس اÙÙ
جÙ
Ùعة ÙتغÙÙر تÙجÙÙا (ÙاسÙ
Ùا) Ø£Ù "
+"أ٠تبدأ Ù
جÙ
Ùعة جدÙدة. Ø¥Ù ÙÙØ°ÙÙ ÙأخذÙ٠اÙØ£Ù
Ùر Ù
Ù Ù
ÙØ·ÙÙ Ø³Ø·Ø ØÙ Ù٠تبÙÙ Ø°Ùب٠اÙÙ
ÙÙØ¬Ø "
+"ÙÙ٠اØذر Ù
٠أ٠ÙجرÙÙ Ù
عÙÙ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Why not make a GNU distribution of Linux (sic) and call that GNU/Linux?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا Ùا تعدÙ٠تÙزÙعة غÙÙ Ù
شتÙØ© Ù
Ù
ÙÙÙÙس (ÙÙ
ا ÙسÙ
ÙÙÙ) ÙتسÙ
ÙÙÙا غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"All the “Linux” distributions are actually versions of the GNU "
+"system with Linux as the kernel. The purpose of the term "
+"“GNU/Linux” is to communicate this point. To develop one new "
+"distribution and call that alone “GNU/Linux” would obscure the "
+"point we want to make."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù٠تÙزÙعات ”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙ Ù٠اÙØÙÙÙØ© Ùسخ
Ù
Ù ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙاة ÙÙ. "
+"اÙØªØ±Ø§Ø Ø§ÙاسÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙ ÙÙربط
بÙÙÙÙ
ا. تطÙÙر تÙزÙعة جدÙدة ÙتسÙ
ÙتÙا "
+"(ÙØدÙا) ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ سÙÙ ÙØ´ÙØ´ اÙÙ
Ùصد
اÙØ°Ù ÙرÙد تÙضÙØÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"As for developing a distribution of GNU/Linux, we already did this once, "
+"when we funded the early development of Debian GNU/Linux. To do it again "
+"now does not seem useful; it would be a lot of work, and unless the new "
+"distribution had substantial practical advantages over other distributions, "
+"it would serve no purpose."
+msgstr ""
+"باÙÙسبة ÙتطÙÙر تÙزÙعة غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙÙÙد ÙÙ
Ùا بذÙ٠باÙÙع٠Ù
رة عÙدÙ
ا Ù
ÙÙÙا تطÙÙر دبÙا٠"
+"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس Ù٠اÙبداÙØ©. Ùا Ùبد٠أ٠اÙÙÙاÙ
بذÙÙ Ù
رة أخر٠Ù
ÙÙد ÙØ£Ù Ø°ÙÙ ÙتطÙب اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù "
+"اÙجÙØ¯Ø ÙÙ
اÙÙ
تØتÙ٠اÙتÙزÙعة اÙجدÙدة عÙÙ Ù
زاÙا عÙ
ÙÙØ© Ù
ÙÙ
Ø© ÙÙا Ùائدة Ù
ÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Instead we help the developers of 100% free GNU/Linux distributions, such as "
+"gNewSense and Ututo."
+msgstr ""
+"بدÙا Ù
Ù ÙضÙÙØ Ø³Ø§Ø¹Ø¯Ùا Ù
Ø·Ùر٠تÙزÙعات
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس اÙØرة بÙسبة 100% Ù
ث٠غÙÙÙسÙس Ù Ututo."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Why not just say “Linux is the GNU kernel” and release some "
+"existing version of GNU/Linux under the name “GNU”?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
اذا Ùا ÙÙÙ٠باÙإشارة Ø¥Ù٠أ٠”ÙÙÙÙس
ÙÙاة غÙÙ“ ÙÙØ·Ù٠بعض إصدارات "
+"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس باسÙ
”غÙÙ“Ø?"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It might have been a good idea to adopt Linux as the GNU kernel back in "
+"1992. If we had realized, then, how long it would take to get the GNU Hurd "
+"to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)"
+msgstr ""
+"ربÙ
ا ÙاÙت ÙÙرة جÙدة Ø£Ù ÙتبÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙاة
ÙغÙÙ Ù
ÙØ° عاÙ
1992. Ù٠عرÙÙا Ø°Ù٠اÙØÙÙ Ù
Ùدار "
+"اÙعÙ
٠اÙÙ
Ø·ÙÙب ÙÙÙتÙاء Ù
٠غÙÙ Ùرد ÙÙربÙ
ا ÙÙ
Ùا بذÙÙ . (ÙÙÙÙ Ùات اÙØ£ÙاÙ)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+"“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU "
+"system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't "
+"want to act like that."
+msgstr ""
+"أخذ Ùسخة ٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙتسÙ
ÙتÙا ”غÙÙ“ Ù
شاب٠Ùأخذ Ùسخة Ù
Ù ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ ÙتسÙ
ÙتÙا "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“. Ø¥ÙÙا ÙÙست ÙÙرة Ù
ÙائÙ
Ø©Ø ÙÙØÙ
Ùا ÙØب اÙتÙاجÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Did the GNU Project condemn and oppose use of Linux in the early days?"
+msgstr "Ù٠رÙض Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ Ùعارض ÙÙÙÙس Ù٠أÙاÙ
Ùا
اÙØ£ÙÙÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"We did not adopt Linux as our kernel, but we didn't condemn or oppose it. "
+"In 1993 we started discussing the arrangements to sponsor the development of "
+"Debian GNU/Linux. We also sought to cooperate with the people who were "
+"changing some GNU packages for use with Linux. We wanted to include their "
+"changes in the standard releases so that these GNU packages would work "
+"out-of-the-box in combination with Linux. But the changes were often ad-hoc "
+"and nonportable; they needed to be cleaned up for installation."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
ÙتبÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙاة ÙÙا ÙÙÙÙا ÙÙ
ÙرÙضÙا ÙÙÙ
ÙعارضÙا. Ù٠عاÙ
1993 بدأÙا اÙÙÙاش عÙÙ "
+"تدابÙر ÙرعاÙØ© تطÙÙر دبÙا٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. سعÙÙا
Ø£ÙضÙا ÙÙتعاÙÙ Ù
ع اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙعدÙÙ٠بعض ØزÙ
غÙÙ "
+"ÙتÙائÙ
استخداÙ
Ùا Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس. أردÙا تضÙ
ÙÙ
تغÙÙراتÙÙ
Ù٠اÙإصدارات اÙرسÙ
ÙØ© Ù
٠تÙ٠اÙØزÙ
"
+"ÙتعÙ
Ù ØزÙ
غÙÙ Ù
باشرة (بدÙ٠تغÙÙر أ٠إعداد) Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙÙÙ ÙØ«Ùرا Ù
٠اÙتعدÙÙات ÙÙ
تÙÙ "
+"Ù
ØÙ
ÙÙØ© ÙاØتاجت Ø¥Ù٠تعدÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
+"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
+"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
+"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
Ùبد٠اÙØ°Ù٠أجرÙا اÙتعدÙÙات رغبة ÙÙ
اÙتعاÙÙ Ù
عÙا. Ù٠اÙØÙÙÙØ© ÙÙد Ùا٠أØدÙÙ
Ø£ÙÙ
Ùا "
+"Ùرغب باÙعÙ
Ù Ù
ع Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ ÙØ£ÙÙ ”Ù
ستخدÙ
ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙد صÙدÙ
Ùا بذÙÙØ Ùأ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ "
+"عدÙÙا ØزÙ
غÙÙ ÙتعÙ
Ù Ù
ع اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙأخرÙ
أرادÙا غاÙبÙا اÙعÙ
Ù Ù
عÙا ÙتضÙ
Ù٠تعدÙÙاتÙÙ
.
ÙÙÙ "
+"ÙعÙ٠اÙرغÙ
Ù
٠أ٠ÙؤÙاء ÙاÙÙا ÙØ·ÙرÙÙ ÙظاÙ
Ùا
Ù
بÙÙÙا بشÙ٠أساس٠عÙ٠غÙÙ ÙاÙÙا Ø£ÙÙ "
+"(ÙÙازاÙÙا اÙÙØÙدÙÙ) اÙØ°Ù٠رÙضÙا اÙعÙ
Ù Ù
عÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
+"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
+"“Linux” misnomer."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙد عÙÙ
تÙا اÙتجربة أ٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙاس Ùسخة Ù
Ù
ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“ سبب ÙغطÙا "
+"أعا٠عÙ
ÙÙا. عÙدÙ
ا ÙØ·Ùب Ù
Ù٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙØاÙ٠عÙاج ÙØ°Ù "
+"اÙÙ
Ø´ÙÙØ© ÙغÙرÙا Ù
٠اÙÙ
شاÙ٠اÙت٠ÙسببÙا اسÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ اÙخاطئ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Why did you wait so long before asking people to use the name
GNU/Linux?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا تأخرتÙ
ÙØ«ÙرÙا ÙÙ Ø·Ùب تسÙ
ÙتÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Actually we didn't. We began talking privately with developers and "
+"distributors about this in 1994, and made a more public campaign in 1996. "
+"We will continue for as long as it's necessary."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù٠اÙØÙÙÙØ© ÙÙ
Ùتأخر. بدأÙا اÙØدÙØ« بشÙ٠خاص
Ù
ع اÙÙ
Ø·ÙرÙÙ ÙاÙÙ
ÙزعÙ٠ع٠Ùذا اÙÙ
ÙضÙع ÙÙ "
+"عاÙ
1994Ø ÙبدأÙا ØÙ
ÙØ© عاÙ
Ø© Ù٠عاÙ
1996. ÙسÙÙ
ÙÙاصÙÙا Ù
ت٠Ù
ا ÙزÙ
اÙØ£Ù
ر."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Should the GNU/<i>name</i> convention be applied to all programs that are "
+"GPL'ed?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ ÙÙبغ٠أ٠تسÙ
Ù Ù٠اÙبراÙ
ج اÙخاضعة
Ùج٠ب٠إ٠بغÙÙ/<i>اÙاسÙ
</i>Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU "
+"<i>name</i>”."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
ÙسÙ
٠أبدÙا براÙ
ج Ù
ÙÙردة ”غÙÙ/<i>اÙاسÙ
</i>“. عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙÙ٠اÙبرÙاÙ
ج ØزÙ
Ø© "
+"غÙÙ ÙÙد ÙØ·Ù٠عÙÙ٠اسÙ
”غÙÙ <i>اÙاسÙ
</i>“"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs. Some of "
+"the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or specifically "
+"contributed to it; these are the GNU packages, and we often use "
+"“GNU” in their names."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙتأÙ٠غÙÙ (ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ) Ù
٠براÙ
ج ÙØ«Ùرة Ù
ختÙÙØ©. بعض Ùذ٠اÙبراÙ
ج Ù٠غÙÙ ÙتبÙا Ù
شرÙع "
+"غÙ٠أ٠ساÙÙ
بÙا Ù
Ø·ÙرÙÙا Ø¥ÙÙÙØ Ø¥Ù ÙØ°Ù ÙÙ ØزÙ
غÙÙ ÙÙستخدÙ
عادة اسÙ
”غÙÙ“ "
+"Ù٠أسÙ
ائÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It's up to the developers of a program to decide if they want to contribute "
+"it and make it a GNU package. If you have developed a program and you would "
+"like it to be a GNU package, please write to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>, so we can evaluate
it "
+"and decide whether we want it."
+msgstr ""
+"إ٠اÙØ£Ù
ر عائد Ø¥ÙÙ Ù
Ø·Ùر٠اÙبرÙاÙ
ج Ùاتخاذ
Ùرار بخصÙص رغبتÙÙ
بجعÙÙ ØزÙ
Ø© غÙÙ. إذا Ø·Ùرت "
+"برÙاÙ
جÙا Ùأردت٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙ ØزÙ
Ø© غÙÙØ ÙÙ
Ù ÙضÙÙ
راس٠<a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>"
+"<address@hidden></a>Ø ÙÙÙÙÙ
Ù ÙÙÙرر ÙÙÙ
ا إذا ÙÙا
Ùرغب بÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It wouldn't be fair to put the name GNU on every individual program that is "
+"released under the GPL. If you write a program and release it under the "
+"GPL, that doesn't mean the GNU Project wrote it or that you wrote it for "
+"us. For instance, the kernel, Linux, is released under the GNU GPL, but "
+"Linus did not write it as part of the GNU Project—he did the work "
+"independently. If something is not a GNU package, the GNU Project can't "
+"take credit for it, and putting “GNU” in its name would be "
+"improper."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ Ù
٠اÙعد٠أ٠Ùضع اسÙ
غÙÙ Ù٠اسÙ
ÙÙ
برÙاÙ
ج Ù
ÙÙرد Ù
طرÙØ ØªØت ج٠ب٠إÙ. إذا Ùتبت "
+"برÙاÙ
جÙا ÙأطÙÙت٠تØت ج٠ب٠إÙØ ÙØ¥Ù Ùذا Ùا
ÙعÙ٠أ٠Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ Ùتب٠أ٠أÙÙ Ùتبت٠ÙÙا. "
+"عÙ٠سبÙ٠اÙÙ
ثاÙØ Ø§ÙÙÙاة ÙÙÙÙس Ù
طرÙØØ© تØت
غÙ٠ج٠ب٠إÙØ ÙÙÙ ÙÙÙÙاس ÙÙ
ÙÙتبÙا جزءÙا Ù
Ù "
+"Ù
شرÙع غÙÙØ Ø¨Ù Ø¥Ù٠عÙ
٠بÙ
ÙردÙ. إذا ÙÙ
ÙÙ
ÙÙ
اÙبرÙاÙ
ج ØزÙ
Ø© غÙÙØ ÙÙا ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠ÙÙÙسب Ø¥ÙÙ "
+"Ù
شرÙع غÙÙØ ÙÙضع ”غÙÙ“ Ù٠اسÙ
Ù ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ
Ù
ÙائÙ
Ùا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"In contrast, we do deserve the overall credit for the GNU operating system "
+"as a whole, even though not for each and every program in it. The system "
+"exists as a system because of our determination and persistence, starting in "
+"1984, many years before Linux was begun."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù٠اÙÙ
ÙابÙØ ÙØÙ Ùا ÙسØ٠أ٠ÙÙÙسب Ø¥ÙÙÙا ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠غÙ٠بجÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙا ببراÙ
ج٠Ù
Ùردة. "
+"ÙÙجد اÙÙظاÙ
بسبب ÙراراÙا ÙعزÙ
Ùا Ù
ÙØ° عاÙ
1984
ÙÙب٠بدء ÙÙÙÙس بسÙÙات Ø·ÙاÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The operating system in which Linux became popular was basically the same as "
+"the GNU operating system. It was not entirely the same, because it had a "
+"different kernel, but it was mostly the same system. It was a variant of "
+"GNU. It was the GNU/Linux system."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠اÙذ٠اشتÙر ÙÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس Ùا٠أصÙا
ÙÙس ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠غÙÙ. ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ Ù
طابÙÙا ÙÙ "
+"تÙ
اÙ
Ùا ÙØ£Ù٠اØتÙÙ ÙÙاة أخرÙØ ÙÙÙÙ ÙاÙ
شبÙÙÙا جدÙا بÙ. Ùا٠أØد تÙÙÙعات ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ.
Ùا٠"
+"ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Linux continues to be used primarily in derivatives of that system—in "
+"today's versions of the GNU/Linux system. What gives these systems their "
+"identity is GNU and Linux at the center of them, not particularly Linux "
+"alone."
+msgstr ""
+"استÙ
ر استخداÙ
ÙÙÙÙس Ù٠اÙÙسخ اÙÙ
شتÙØ© Ù
Ù
اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙ٠اÙÙسخ اÙت٠ÙراÙا اÙÙÙÙ
Ù
Ù ÙظاÙ
"
+"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. Ù
ا ÙÙ
Ùز Ùذ٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© أ٠غÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙÙس أصÙÙÙ
Ø§Ø ÙÙÙس ÙÙÙÙس ÙØدÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Since much of GNU comes from Unix, shouldn't GNU give credit to Unix by "
+"using “Unix” in its name?"
+msgstr ""
+"بÙ
ا Ø£Ù Ù
عظÙ
أجزاء غÙÙ Ù
أخÙذة Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø Ø£Ùا
ÙÙترض Ø£Ù ÙÙسب غÙ٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس بإضاÙØ© "
+" ”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø¥Ù٠اÙاسÙ
Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Actually, none of GNU comes from Unix. Unix was proprietary software (and "
+"still is), so using any of its code in GNU would have been illegal. This is "
+"not a coincidence; this is why we developed GNU: since you could not have "
+"freedom in using Unix, or any of the other operating systems of the day, we "
+"needed a free system to replace it. We could not copy programs, or even "
+"parts of them, from Unix; everything had to be written afresh."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù٠اÙØÙÙÙØ© ÙÙ
Ùأت٠أ٠جزء Ù
٠أجزاء غÙÙ Ù
Ù
ÙÙÙÙس. Ùا٠ÙÙÙÙس (ÙÙا ÙزاÙ) برÙ
جÙØ© "
+"اØتÙارÙØ©Ø ÙÙذا Ùإ٠استخداÙ
ÙÙد٠Ù٠غÙÙ ÙÙس
ÙاÙÙÙÙÙا. Ø¥Ù ÙØ°Ù ÙÙست Ù
صادÙØ©Ø ÙÙÙد Ø·ÙرÙا "
+"غÙÙ ÙÙذا اÙسبب: ÙÙد اØتجÙا ÙظاÙ
Ùا ØرÙا
Ùاستبدا٠ÙÙÙÙÙس ÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© تشغÙ٠تÙ٠اÙØÙبة "
+"اÙأخر٠ÙØ£ÙÙ ÙÙ
تÙ
ÙÙ ØرÙØ© استخداÙ
Ùا. ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ
بÙ
ÙدÙرÙا Ùسخ براÙ
ج ÙÙÙÙس Ø£Ù Øت٠أجزاء "
+"Ù
ÙÙØ§Ø ÙÙد ÙتبÙا ÙÙ Ø´ÙØ¡ Ù
٠اÙصÙر."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
+"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
+"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
Ùأت٠أ٠ÙÙد Ù٠غÙÙ Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙÙ٠غÙÙ ÙظاÙ
Ù
تÙاÙÙ Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙÙذا ÙØ¥Ù ÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠أÙÙار "
+"ÙÙ
عاÙÙر غÙÙ Ù
أخÙذة Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙس. اسÙ
”غÙÙ“ (اÙØ°Ù Ù٠اختصار ٔغÙÙ ÙÙس "
+"ÙÙÙÙس“) ÙÙ
ث٠عادة اÙاختصارات اÙÙ
تداخÙØ©
اÙت٠بدأت Ù٠اÙØ«Ù
اÙÙÙات."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
+"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
+"like “somethingorother TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing "
+"name. (That's what hacking means: <a "
+"href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+"cleverness</a>.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£Ù٠اختصار Ù
تداخ٠ÙاÙت TINT Ù
Ù “TINT Is Not
TECO”Ø ÙÙÙد ØاÙÙ Ù
Ø·Ùر TINT "
+"برÙاÙ
ج TECO (ÙÙاÙت تÙجد اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù Ùسخ TECO
ÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© عدÙدة)Ø ÙÙ٠بدÙا Ù
٠أ٠ÙسÙ
ÙÙا "
+"”Ø´ÙØ¡ TECO“Ø Ùرر اÙعبث باÙاسÙ
. (ÙÙذا عÙ
Ù
اÙÙاÙرز: <a "
+"href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>اÙØ°Ùاء اÙÙ
رØ</a>)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
+"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
+"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+"“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as "
+"“MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit "
+"we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+msgstr ""
+"أعجب Ùذا اÙاسÙ
اÙÙاÙرز اÙآخرÙÙ Ùدرجة Ø£ÙÙÙ
ÙÙدÙا Ùذا اÙتصر٠ØØªÙ Ø£ØµØ¨Ø Ø¹Ø§Ø¯Ø© Ù
Ø£ÙÙÙØ©Ø "
+"ÙعÙدÙ
ا ترÙد Ùتابة برÙاÙ
ج آخر شبÙÙ ÙبرÙاÙ
ج
آخر (دعÙا ÙتخÙ٠أ٠اسÙ
اÙبرÙاÙ
ج "
+"“Klever”)Ø ÙبإÙ
ÙاÙ٠أ٠تسÙ
Ù٠عÙÙ
اÙاختصار اÙÙ
تداخ٠“MINK” "
+"اÙØ°Ù ÙعÙÙ “MINK Is Not Klever.”. Ù
Ù Ùذا اÙÙ
ÙØ·Ù٠سÙ
ÙÙا بدÙÙÙا ÙÙÙÙÙس "
+"“GNU's Not Unix”."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
+"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
+"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
+"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
+"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
+"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+msgstr ""
+"تارÙØ®ÙÙØ§Ø AT&T (اÙت٠طÙرت ÙÙÙÙس) ÙÙ
ترد Ø£Ù
ÙÙسب Ø£Øد Ø¥ÙÙÙا اÙÙظاÙ
باستخداÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اسÙ
اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙشبÙÙØ©Ø ÙÙا
Øت٠Ù٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙÙ
ستÙسخة بÙسبة 99% "
+"ÙÙÙÙÙØ³Ø Ø¨Ù Ø¥Ù AT&T Ùددت بÙ
Ùاضاة Ù
Ù ÙÙسب
Ø¥ÙÙÙا اÙÙظاÙ
. ÙÙÙذا اÙØ³Ø¨Ø¨Ø ÙØ¥Ù ÙÙ Ùسخ "
+"ÙÙÙÙس اÙÙ
عدÙØ© (ÙÙÙÙا اØتÙار٠Ù
Ø«Ù ÙÙÙÙس)
ÙÙا اسÙ
Ù
ختÙ٠تÙ
اÙ
Ùا Ùا ÙتضÙ
Ù "
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Should we say “GNU/BSD” too?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ ÙÙترض Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙ ”غÙÙ/BSD“ Ø£ÙضÙاØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"We don't call the BSD systems (FreeBSD, etc.) “GNU/BSD” systems, "
+"because that term does not fit the history of the BSD systems."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙØÙ Ùا ÙسÙ
٠أÙظÙ
Ø© BSD (Ù
Ø«Ù FreeBSD ÙغÙرÙ) Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø©
”غÙÙ/BSD“ Ùأ٠اÙاسÙ
Ùا "
+"ÙÙاسب تارÙØ® Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø© BSD."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The BSD system was developed by UC Berkeley as non-free software in the 80s, "
+"and became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists today "
+"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
+"system."
+msgstr ""
+"Ø·Ùرت جاÙ
عة ÙاÙÙÙرÙÙÙØ§Ø Ø¨ÙرÙÙÙ ÙظاÙ
BSD ÙÙÙ
ÙÙÙ ØرÙا Ù٠اÙتسعÙÙÙØ§ØªØ Ø«Ù
Ø£ØµØ¨Ø ØرÙا "
+"ØÙاÙ٠عاÙ
1990. Ù٠أÙظÙ
Ø© اÙتشغÙ٠اÙØرة اÙÙ
ÙجÙدة اÙÙÙÙ
Ù٠إÙ
ا Ø¥Øد٠تÙÙÙعات ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ "
+"أ٠أØد Ø£ÙÙاع ÙظاÙ
BSD."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a variant of GNU, as GNU/Linux is. "
+"It is not. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free "
+"software by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+"activists helped convince them to start, but the code had little overlap "
+"with GNU."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùسأ٠اÙÙاس Ø£ØÙاÙا ÙÙÙ
ا إذا Ùا٠BSD Ø£Ùضا
إصدارÙا Ù
٠غÙÙØ Ù
ث٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. اØتذ٠Ù
Ø·Ùر٠"
+"BSD بجع٠ÙÙدÙÙ
ØرÙÙا بÙ
شرÙع غÙÙØ ÙÙ
٠اÙÙاضØ
أ٠اÙتÙ
اسات Ù
شرÙع غÙ٠ساÙÙ
ت Ù٠اÙÙاعÙÙ
Ø "
+"ÙÙ٠اÙÙÙد تداخ٠إÙÙ Øد٠Ù
ا Ù
ع غÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"BSD systems today use some GNU packages, just as the GNU system and its "
+"variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two "
+"different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write "
+"a kernel and add it to the GNU system, so a name like GNU/BSD would not fit "
+"the situation."
+msgstr ""
+"تستخدÙ
Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø© BSD بعض براÙ
ج غÙÙØ ØªÙ
اÙ
Ùا
ÙاستخداÙ
ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ ÙتÙÙÙعات٠Ùبعض براÙ
ج BSDØ "
+"ÙÙ٠باÙØÙÙ
عÙ٠اÙÙضÙØ© ÙÙÙØ ÙÙ
ا ÙظاÙ
٠تشغÙÙ
Ù
ختÙÙÙÙ Ø·ÙÙرا بشÙÙ Ù
ÙÙصÙ. ÙÙ
ÙÙتب Ù
Ø·Ùر٠"
+"BSD ÙÙاة ÙÙضÙÙÙÙا Ø¥ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
غÙÙØ Ùذا ÙاسÙ
غÙÙ/BSD ÙÙ ÙÙائÙ
اÙÙضع."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"The connection between GNU/Linux and GNU is much closer, and that's why the "
+"name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙصÙØ© بÙ٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙغÙ٠أÙرب بÙØ«ÙØ±Ø ÙÙÙذا
Ùإ٠اسÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù
ÙائÙ
ÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but "
+"“GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an "
+"entire system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of "
+"the system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
+msgstr ""
+"تÙجد Ùسخة Ù
٠غÙ٠تستخدÙ
ÙÙاة NetBSD. سÙ
اÙا Ù
Ø·ÙرÙÙا ”دبÙا٠غÙÙ/NetBSD“Ø "
+"ÙÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙاة NetBSD“ Ø£Ùثر Ù
ÙائÙ
Ø© ÙØ£Ù
NetBSD ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙاÙ
ÙØ ÙÙÙس "
+"اÙÙÙاة ÙØدÙا. تÙÙ ÙÙست ÙظاÙ
BSDØ ÙØ£Ù Ù
عظÙ
Ù
ÙÙÙات اÙÙظاÙ
شبÙÙØ© بÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"If I install the GNU tools on Windows, does that mean I am running a "
+"GNU/Windows system?"
+msgstr "إذا رÙبت أدÙات غÙ٠عÙÙ ÙÙÙدÙØ²Ø ÙÙ
سÙعÙÙ Ø°Ù٠أÙÙ٠أستخدÙ
ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙدÙزØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
+"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
+"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
+"different situation from GNU/Linux."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙست بÙÙس اÙطرÙÙØ© اÙت٠ÙعÙÙÙا
ب”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“. أدÙات غÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
جرد جزء Ù
Ù "
+"برÙ
جÙات غÙ٠اÙت٠تÙ
ث٠بدÙرÙا جزء Ù
Ù ÙظاÙ
غÙÙØ ÙتØتÙا ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ Ù
تÙاÙ
٠آخر ÙÙس ذا "
+"صÙØ© بغÙÙ. ÙØ°Ù ØاÙØ© Ù
ختÙÙØ© تÙ
اÙ
Ùا عÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Can't there be Linux systems without GNU?"
+msgstr "Ø£Ùا تÙجد Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø© ÙÙÙÙس بدÙ٠غÙÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It is possible to make a system that uses Linux as the kernel but is not "
+"based on GNU. I'm told there are small systems, used for embedded "
+"development, that include Linux but not the GNU system. IBM was once "
+"rumored to be planning to put Linux as the kernel into AIX; whether or not "
+"they actually tried to do this, it is theoretically possible. What "
+"conclusions can we draw from this about the naming of various systems?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠ÙÙجد ÙظاÙ
ÙستخدÙ
اÙÙÙاة ÙÙÙÙس بدÙÙ
Ø£Ù ÙÙشت٠Ù
٠غÙÙ. ÙÙد Ø£ÙعÙÙ
ت بÙ
ÙجÙد Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø© "
+"صغÙرة تستخدÙ
ÙÙتطÙÙر اÙÙ
ÙضÙ
ÙÙ ÙاÙØ°Ù ÙØتÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙس بدÙÙ ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ. دارت إشاعات ÙÙÙ
ا Ù
ض٠"
+"ع٠أ٠IBM تخطط ÙاستخداÙ
ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ AIXØ ÙسÙاءÙ
Ø£ØاÙÙÙا Ùع٠ذÙ٠أ٠ÙØ§Ø ÙØ¥Ù Ø°ÙÙ Ù
Ù
ÙÙ "
+"ÙظرÙÙا. Ù
اذا ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠ÙستÙتج Ù
٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙÙ
ختÙÙØ©Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"People who think of the kernel as more important than all the rest of the "
+"system say, “They all contain Linux, so let's call them all Linux "
+"systems.” But any two of these systems are mostly different, and "
+"calling them by the same name is misleading. (It leads people to think that "
+"the kernel is more important than all the rest of the system, for instance.)"
+msgstr ""
+"أ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠اÙÙÙاة Ø£Ùثر Ø£ÙÙ
ÙØ© Ù
Ù
Ù٠أجزاء اÙÙظاÙ
اÙأخر٠ÙÙÙÙÙÙ: ”Ø¥ÙÙا "
+"تØتÙÙ ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø Ø¯Ø¹ÙÙا ÙسÙ
ÙÙا ÙÙÙا Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø©
ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙÙ Ù٠اثÙÙÙ Ù
Ù Ùذ٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© "
+"Ù
ختÙÙØ© بشÙ٠شب٠تاÙ
Ø ÙتسÙ
ÙتÙا ÙÙÙا ÙÙس
اÙاسÙ
Ù
ضÙÙ. (ÙÙÙ -عÙ٠سبÙ٠اÙÙ
ثاÙ- Ùجع٠اÙÙاس
"
+"ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠اÙÙÙاة Ø£Ùثر Ø£ÙÙ
ÙØ© Ù
Ù Ù٠أجزاء
اÙÙظاÙ
)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"In the small embedded systems, Linux may be most of the system; perhaps "
+"“Linux systems” is the right name for them. They are very "
+"different from GNU/Linux systems, which are more GNU than Linux. The "
+"hypothetical IBM system would be different from either of those. The right "
+"name for it would be AIX/Linux: basically AIX, but with Linux as the "
+"kernel. These different names would show users how these systems are "
+"different."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙصغÙرة اÙÙ
ÙضÙ
ÙÙØ© Ùد تÙ
Ø«Ù
ÙÙÙÙس Ø£Ùثر أجزاء اÙÙظاÙ
Ø ÙÙع٠اسÙ
”Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø©
"
+"ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اÙاسÙ
اÙصØÙØ ÙÙا. تÙ٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø©
Ù
ختÙÙØ© تÙ
اÙ
Ùا ع٠أÙظÙ
Ø© غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø Ø§Ùت٠"
+"ÙÙ
Ø«Ù ÙÙÙا غÙÙ Øصة Ø£Ùبر Ù
Ù ÙÙÙÙس. ÙظاÙ
IBM
اÙاÙتراض٠ÙظاÙ
Ù
ختÙ٠ع٠ÙÙا اÙØاÙتÙÙØ ÙسÙÙ "
+"ÙÙÙ٠اسÙ
٠اÙصØÙØ AIX/ÙÙÙÙس: Ù٠أصÙا AIXØ ÙÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ ÙÙاتÙ. Ùذ٠اÙأسÙ
اء اÙÙ
ختÙÙØ© "
+"سÙ٠تظÙر اÙÙر٠بÙ٠تÙ٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© ÙÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Why not call the system “Linux” anyway, and strengthen Linus "
+"Torvalds' role as posterboy for our community?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
اذا Ùا ÙÙÙت٠بتسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“
ÙÙجع٠ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙز اÙصب٠اÙراÙ
ز "
+"ÙÙ
جتÙ
عÙاØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Linus Torvalds is the “posterboy” (other people's choice of "
+"word, not ours) for his goals, not ours. His goal is to make the system "
+"more popular, and he believes its value to society lies merely in the "
+"practical advantages it offers: its power, reliability and easy "
+"availability. He has never advocated <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/why-free.html\">freedom to cooperate</a> as an ethical "
+"principle, which is why the public does not connect the name "
+"“Linux” with that principle."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز ”صب٠راÙ
ز“ (ÙÙ
ا أطÙÙ
عÙÙ٠اÙØ¨Ø¹Ø¶Ø ÙÙÙس ÙØÙ) ÙØ£ÙداÙÙ ÙÙÙس "
+"Ø£ÙداÙÙا. Ø£ÙداÙÙ Ù٠جع٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ù
Ø´ÙÙرÙØ§Ø ÙÙÙ
ÙعتÙد Ø£Ù ÙÙÙ
ت٠اÙاجتÙ
اعÙØ© تÙØصر ÙÙ Ù
زاÙا٠"
+"اÙعÙ
ÙÙØ©: ÙÙتÙØ Ùثبات٠ÙسÙÙÙØ© اÙØصÙ٠عÙÙÙ.
ÙÙ
ÙÙاض٠Ù
Ø·ÙÙÙا Ù
٠أج٠<a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/why-free.html\">ØرÙØ© اÙتعاÙÙ</a> ÙÙ
بدأ
أخÙاÙÙØ ÙÙÙذا Ùإ٠اÙعاÙ
Ø© "
+"Ùا ÙربطÙ٠بÙ٠اÙاسÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙبÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ
اÙÙ
بدأ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Linus publicly states his disagreement with the free software movement's "
+"ideals. He developed non-free software in his job for many years (and said "
+"so to a large audience at a “Linux”World show), and publicly "
+"invited fellow developers of Linux, the kernel, to use non-free software to "
+"work on it with him. He goes even further, and rebukes people who suggest "
+"that engineers and scientists should consider social consequences of our "
+"technical work—rejecting the lessons society learned from the "
+"development of the atom bomb."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùعبر ÙÙÙÙاس بشÙ٠عÙÙ٠ع٠Ù
عارضت٠ÙÙ
بادئ
ØرÙØ© اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة. ÙÙد Ø·Ùر برÙ
جÙات غÙر "
+"Øرة Ù٠عÙ
ÙÙ ÙسÙÙات Ø·Ùا٠(ÙÙÙد ØµØ±Ø Ø¨Ø°Ù٠أÙ
اÙ
Øشد ÙبÙر ÙÙ ØÙÙØ© Ù
٠برÙاÙ
ج عاÙÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“)Ø ÙÙÙد دعا Ù
Ø·Ùر٠اÙÙÙاة
ÙÙÙÙس ÙاستخداÙ
برÙ
جÙات غÙر Øرة ÙÙعÙ
Ù Ù
عÙ."
+" ب٠إÙ٠تÙ
د٠أÙثر Ù
Ù Ø°ÙÙ Ùعاتب اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙطرØÙÙ
ضرÙرة اÙتÙ
اÙ
اÙÙ
ÙÙدسÙÙ ÙاÙعÙÙ
اء باÙعÙاÙب "
+"اÙاجتÙ
اعÙØ© ÙÙعÙ
٠اÙÙÙ٠اÙØ°Ù ÙÙÙÙ
Ù٠بÙØ
اÙØ£Ù
ر اÙØ°Ù ÙجØد اÙدرÙس اÙاجتÙ
اعÙØ© اÙت٠"
+"تعÙÙ
اÙÙا Ù
٠تطÙÙر اÙÙÙبÙØ© اÙذرÙØ©."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing wrong with writing a free program for the motivations of "
+"learning and having fun; the kernel Linus wrote for those reasons was an "
+"important contribution to our community. But those motivations are not the "
+"reason why the complete free system, GNU/Linux, exists, and they won't "
+"secure our freedom in the future. The public needs to know this. Linus has "
+"the right to promote his views; however, people should be aware that the "
+"operating system in question stems from ideals of freedom, not from his "
+"views."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙس خطأ أ٠تÙÙتب اÙبراÙ
ج اÙØرة Ùغرض اÙتعÙÙ
ÙاÙتسÙÙØ©Ø ÙاÙÙÙاة اÙت٠ÙتبÙا ÙÙÙÙاس ÙتÙÙ "
+"اÙأسباب ÙاÙت Ù
ساÙÙ
Ø© ÙاÙ
Ø© ÙÙ
جتÙ
عÙا. ÙÙÙ ÙØ°Ù
اÙدÙاÙع ÙÙست سبب ÙجÙد اÙÙظاÙ
اÙØر "
+"اÙÙ
تÙاÙ
٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ٠تؤÙ
Ù ØرÙتÙا Ù٠اÙÙ
ستÙبÙ. إ٠اÙعاÙ
Ø© بØاجة Ø¥ÙÙ Ù
عرÙØ© Ø°ÙÙ. "
+"ÙÙÙÙÙاس Ø٠اÙتعبÙر ع٠آرائÙØ ÙÙ٠اÙÙاس Ùجب
Ø£Ù ÙعÙا Ø£Ù ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠اÙØ°Ù ÙتØدث عÙÙ "
+"Ùشأ ع٠Ù
بدأ اÙØرÙØ©Ø ÙÙÙس ع٠اÙآراء اÙتÙ
ÙتبÙاÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Isn't it wrong for us to label Linus Torvalds' work as GNU?"
+msgstr "Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙخطأ Ø£Ù ÙرÙ
ز ÙعÙ
٠تÙرÙÙدز
بغÙÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+msgstr ""
+"بÙÙØ Ù
٠اÙخطأ اÙÙÙاÙ
بذÙÙ ÙÙذا ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا
ÙÙÙÙ
بÙ. عÙ
٠تÙرÙÙدز ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ٠اÙÙÙØ§Ø©Ø "
+"ÙÙØ٠عÙÙ Øذر Ù
٠أÙا ÙÙسب عÙ
Ù٠إÙÙ Ù
شرÙ٠غÙÙ
Ø£Ù ÙسÙ
ÙÙ ”غÙÙ“. عÙدÙ
ا ÙتØدث "
+"ع٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙاÙ
ÙØ Ùإ٠اسÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙسب Ø¥ÙÙ٠جزءÙا Ù
٠اÙعÙ
Ù."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Does Linus Torvalds agree that Linux is just the kernel?"
+msgstr "ÙÙ ÙتÙÙ ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز عÙ٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ
اÙÙÙاة ÙØسبØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
+"<a "
+"href=\"http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/Historic/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
"
+"“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the "
+"GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for "
+"more info”</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙد اعتر٠بذÙÙ Ù٠اÙبداÙØ©Ø ÙÙ
ÙاØظات إصدار
ÙÙÙÙس اÙØ£ÙÙ٠تÙص٠عÙ٠أÙ: <a "
+"<a
href=\"http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/Historic/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.";
+"01\">”Ù
عظÙ
اÙأدÙات اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ø© Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ
برÙ
جÙات غÙÙ ÙÙ٠تØت ØÙÙ٠غÙ٠اÙÙ
ترÙÙØ©."
+" Ùذ٠اÙأدÙات ÙÙست Ù٠اÙتÙزÙعة - اسأÙÙÙ (Ø£Ù
اسأ٠غÙÙ) ÙÙ
زÙد Ù
٠اÙÙ
عÙÙÙ
ات.“</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"The battle is already lost—society has made its decision and we can't "
+"change it, so why even think about it?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙد خسرتÙ
اÙÙ
عرÙØ© أصÙا—ÙÙد Ùرر اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع
ÙÙا تستطÙعÙ٠تغÙÙر Ø°ÙÙØ ÙÙ
اذا تخططÙÙ "
+"أصÙا ÙØ°ÙÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
+"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
+"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
+"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
+"educate others."
+msgstr ""
+"Ø¥ÙÙا ÙÙست Ù
ÙرÙØ©Ø Ø¨Ù ÙÙ ØÙ
ÙØ© تثÙÙÙÙØ©.تسÙ
ÙØ©
اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙس ÙرارÙا ÙاØدÙا Ùتخذ٠"
+"”اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع“ Ù
رة ÙاØدة: ÙÙ ÙØ±Ø¯Ø ÙÙ Ù
ÙظÙ
Ø©Ø ØªÙرر اÙاسÙ
اÙذ٠تختارÙ. Ùا ÙÙ
ÙÙ "
+"ÙØ£Øد Ø£Ù ÙÙرض تسÙ
ÙØ© ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙÙÙ
ÙÙ
ÙÙ٠أÙت أ٠تسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ بÙÙس٠ÙبÙع٠ذÙÙØ Ø£Ùت
تساÙÙ
Ù٠تعÙÙÙ
اÙآخرÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Society has made its decision and we can't change it, so what good does it "
+"do if I say “GNU/Linux”?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙد Ùرر اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع ÙÙا ÙستطÙع تغÙÙر ÙرارÙØ Ù
ا
Ùائدة أ٠أÙÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
+"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+"“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+"history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+"everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a "
+"few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will "
+"have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And "
+"some of them will spread the correction to others."
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙضÙØ© ÙÙست ÙÙ Ø´ÙØ¡ Ø£Ù Ùا Ø´ÙØ¡: اÙصÙرتاÙ
اÙصØÙØØ© ÙاÙخاطئة تÙتشرا٠أ٠تÙÙا٠بÙ٠أÙاس "
+"عÙÙ ÙØÙ Ù
ختÙÙ. إذا سÙ
Ùت اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙسÙ٠تساعد اÙآخرÙ٠عÙÙ
ÙÙÙ
"
+"تارÙØ® Ùأص٠Ùسبب ÙجÙد اÙÙظاÙ
اÙØÙÙÙÙ. Ùا ÙÙ
ÙÙ٠أ٠تصØØ Ø§ÙاسÙ
اÙخاطئ ÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
Ùا٠ÙØدÙØ "
+"ÙÙا ÙستطÙع ÙØÙ Ùع٠ذÙÙØ ÙÙÙ٠تستطÙع اÙÙ
ساعدة إذا رآ٠بضع Ù
ئات Ù
٠اÙأشخاص تستخدÙ
"
+"اÙاسÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙسÙ٠تعÙÙ
عددÙا
ÙبÙرÙا Ù
٠اÙÙاس بدÙ٠جÙد ÙبÙر. ÙسÙÙ "
+"ÙÙشر بعضÙÙ
اÙتصØÙØ ÙÙآخرÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Wouldn't it be better to call the system “Linux” and teach "
+"people its real origin with a ten-minute explanation?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠أ٠ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙØ´Ø±Ø ÙÙÙاس أصÙÙ ÙÙ ØدÙØ« Ùا
تتجاÙز "
+"Ù
دت٠عشر دÙائÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
+"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+msgstr ""
+"إذا ساعدتÙا بتÙضÙØ Ø§ÙØ£Ù
ر ÙÙآخرÙÙ ÙسÙÙ
ÙÙدر جÙدÙØ ÙÙÙ ÙØ°Ù ÙÙست اÙÙسÙÙØ© اÙÙ
ثاÙÙØ©Ø
ÙÙÙس "
+"ÙÙا ÙÙس تأثÙر تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙسÙÙ ÙضÙع ÙÙت٠بدÙ٠أثر
ÙبÙر."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
+"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
+"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ Ø°Ù٠ذا تأثÙر ÙØ£Ù٠سÙ٠تÙ
ÙØ ÙØتÙ
Ùا
ÙÙ ÙÙتشر اÙØ£Ù
ر. Ùد ÙتÙب٠بعض اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙسÙ
عÙÙ "
+"ÙÙاÙ
Ù ÙÙد ÙتعÙÙ
Ù٠اÙصÙرة اÙØÙÙÙØ© ÙأصÙ
اÙÙظاÙ
. ÙÙÙÙÙ
عÙ٠اÙØ£Ø±Ø¬Ø ÙÙ ÙÙررÙا اÙتÙضÙØ "
+"ÙÙآخرÙÙ Ù
ت٠Ù
ا تØدثÙا ع٠اÙÙظاÙ
. سÙÙ
ÙÙتÙÙ٠عÙ٠اÙØ£Ø±Ø¬Ø Ø¨ØªØ³Ù
ÙØ© ”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø "
+"ÙبدÙÙ Ùصد Ù
ÙÙÙ
Ø Ø³ÙÙ ÙساÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙ Ùشر اÙصÙرة
اÙخاطئة."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and writing "
+"“GNU/Linux” will take you only a few seconds a day, not minutes, "
+"so you can afford to reach far more people that way. Distinguishing between "
+"Linux and GNU/Linux when you write and speak is by far the easiest way to "
+"help the GNU Project effectively."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù٠تÙÙ٠ذا تأثÙر ÙØ£Ù٠تأخذ ÙÙتÙا أطÙÙ. Ø¥Ù
ÙÙÙ ÙÙتابة ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ سÙÙ "
+"تستغر٠Ù
ÙÙ Ø«ÙاÙÙ (Ùا دÙائÙ) ÙÙÙÙØ© ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
Ø
ÙسÙ٠تتÙ
ÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙصÙ٠إÙ٠أشخاص Ø£Ùثر بÙØ«Ùر "
+"Ùذ٠اÙطرÙÙØ©. إ٠اÙتÙرÙ٠بÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس
ÙغÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس عÙد اÙÙتابة ÙاÙØدÙØ« Ùعد أسÙÙ
ÙسÙÙØ© "
+"Ù
ؤثرة ÙÙ
ساعدة Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Some people laugh at you when you ask them to call the system GNU/Linux. "
+"Why do you subject yourself to this treatment?"
+msgstr ""
+"اÙبعض Ùسخر Ù
ÙÙÙ
عÙدÙ
ا تطÙبÙ٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. ÙÙ
اذا تعرضÙ٠أÙÙسÙÙ
ÙÙØ°Ù "
+"اÙÙ
عاÙ
ÙØ©Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Calling the system “Linux” tends to give people a mistaken "
+"picture of the system's history and reason for existence. People who laugh "
+"at our request probably have picked up that mistaken picture—they "
+"think our work was done by Linus, so they laugh when we ask for credit for "
+"it. If they knew the truth, they probably wouldn't laugh."
+msgstr ""
+"تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ تعط٠اÙÙاس صÙرة
خاطئة ع٠تارÙØ® اÙÙظاÙ
Ùسبب ÙجÙدÙ. "
+"إ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙسخرÙÙ Ù
Ù Ø·ÙبÙا ÙÙÙÙÙ٠عÙ٠اÙأرجØ
Ùد أخذÙا اÙصÙرة اÙسÙØ¦Ø©Ø Ø¥ÙÙÙ
ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠"
+"عÙ
ÙÙا ÙاÙ
ب٠ÙÙÙÙØ§Ø³Ø ÙÙذا ÙØ¥ÙÙÙ
ÙسخرÙÙ Ù
Ù
Ø·Ùب Ùسب٠إÙÙÙا. Ù٠عرÙÙا اÙØÙÙÙØ© ÙÙÙ "
+"ÙسخرÙا غاÙبÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"Why do we take the risk of making a request that sometimes leads people to "
+"ridicule us? Because often it has useful results that help the GNU Project. "
+"We will run the risk of undeserved abuse to achieve our goals."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
اذا Ùخاطر بأ٠ÙØ·Ùب طاÙبÙا Ùجع٠اÙبعض
Ø£ØÙاÙÙا ÙسخرÙÙ Ù
ÙØ§Ø Ø§Ùسبب Ø£ÙÙ Ù٠عادة Ùتائج
"
+"Ø¥ÙجابÙØ© ÙÙ
شرÙع غÙÙØ Ø³ÙÙ Ùخاطر بأ٠ÙعتدÙ
عÙÙÙا ع٠غÙر ØÙ ÙÙØÙ٠أÙدÙاÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"If you see such an ironically unfair situation occurring, please don't sit "
+"idly by. Please teach the laughing people the real history. When they see "
+"why the request is justified, those who have any sense will stop laughing."
+msgstr ""
+"إذا ÙØظت ØدÙØ« ØاÙØ© ظاÙÙ
Ø©Ø ÙÙ
Ù ÙضÙÙ Ùا تÙÙ Ù
ÙتÙ٠اÙÙدÙÙ. عÙÙ
اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙسخرÙ٠اÙتارÙØ® "
+"اÙØÙÙÙ. عÙدÙ
ا ÙعÙ٠أ٠طÙبÙا عادÙØ ÙسÙÙ
ÙتÙÙÙ Ù
Ù ÙدÙ٠ضÙ
Ùر Ù
ÙÙÙ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Some people condemn you when you ask them to call the system GNU/Linux. "
+"Don't you lose by alienating them?"
+msgstr ""
+"اÙبعض Ùسخر Ù
ÙÙÙ
عÙدÙ
ا تطÙبÙ٠تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. ÙÙ
اذا تعرضÙ٠أÙÙسÙÙ
ÙÙØ°Ù "
+"اÙÙ
عاÙ
ÙØ©Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"Not much. People who don't appreciate our role in developing the system are "
+"unlikely to make substantial efforts to help us. If they do work that "
+"advances our goals, such as releasing free software, it is probably for "
+"other unrelated reasons, not because we asked them. Meanwhile, by teaching "
+"others to attribute our work to someone else, they are undermining our "
+"ability to recruit the help of others."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙس دائÙ
Ùا. إ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ Ùا ÙÙدرÙ٠دÙرÙا ÙÙ
تطÙÙر اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙدÙ
Ùا اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙجÙد "
+"ÙÙ
ساعدتÙا. إذا ÙاÙÙا ÙÙÙÙ
Ù٠بإسÙاÙ
ات تÙÙد
Ø£ÙداÙÙا Ù
ث٠إصدار برÙ
جÙات Øرة ÙØ¥ÙÙÙ
عÙÙ "
+"اÙأغÙب ÙÙÙÙ
Ù٠بÙذ٠اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
ات Ùأسباب بعÙدة
ÙÙÙس ÙØ£ÙÙا Ø·ÙبÙا Ù
ÙÙÙ
Ø°ÙÙ. ÙÙ ÙÙس اÙÙÙØªØ "
+"ÙÙ
ÙعÙÙÙÙ ÙدرتÙا عÙÙ Ù
ساعدة اÙآخرÙ٠بÙسب
عÙ
ÙÙا Ø¥Ù٠شخص آخر."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"It makes no sense to worry about alienating people who are already mostly "
+"uncooperative, and it is self-defeating to be deterred from correcting a "
+"major problem lest we anger the people who perpetuate it. Therefore, we "
+"will continue trying to correct the misnomer."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
٠غÙر اÙÙ
ÙØ·Ù٠اÙÙÙÙ Ù
٠اÙأشخاص اÙÙ
ÙÙرÙÙ
اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙ
أصÙا غاÙبÙا غÙر Ù
تعاÙÙÙÙØ ÙسÙدÙ
ر "
+"Ø£ÙÙسÙا إذا ردعÙÙا ع٠تصØÙØ Ù
Ø´ÙÙØ© ÙبÙرة
خشÙØ© Ø£Ù ÙÙزعج اÙÙ
رتÙبÙÙ ÙÙا. ÙÙذا سÙÙ ÙÙاص٠"
+"Ù
ØاÙÙØ© تصØÙØ Ø§ÙاسÙ
اÙخاطئ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Whatever you contributed, is it legitimate to rename the operating
system?"
+msgstr "Ø£ÙØÙ Ù٠تغÙÙر اÙاسÙ
Ø£ÙÙا ÙاÙت Ù
ساÙÙ
تÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"We are not renaming anything; we have been calling this system "
+"“GNU” ever since we announced it in 1983. The people who tried "
+"to rename it to “Linux” should not have done so."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙØÙ Ùا ÙغÙر اسÙ
Ø£Ù Ø´ÙØ¡Ø ÙÙÙد ÙÙا ÙسÙ
Ù
اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ“ Ù
ÙØ° أعÙÙا٠Ù٠عاÙ
"
+"1983. إ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ØاÙÙÙا تغÙÙر اسÙ
٠إÙÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙ
اÙØ°ÙÙ Ùا٠عÙÙÙÙ
Ø£Ùا "
+"ÙÙÙÙ
Ùا بذÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Isn't it wrong to force people to call the system
“GNU/Linux”?"
+msgstr "Ø£ÙÙس خطأ٠أ٠Ùجبر اÙÙاس عÙ٠تسÙ
ÙØ©
اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+msgstr ""
+"إجبار اÙÙاس Ø®Ø·Ø£Ø ÙÙØÙ Ùا ÙØاÙ٠إجبار Ø£Øد.
ÙØÙ ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ "
+"ÙÙØ·Ùب Ù
Ù٠أ٠تÙع٠اÙØ£Ù
ر ذاتÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Why not sue people who call the whole system “Linux”?"
+msgstr ""
+"a href=\"#howerror\" id=\"TOChowerror\">ÙÙ
اذا ÙسÙ
Ù Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙاس اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø</a"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"There are no legal grounds to sue them, but since we believe in freedom of "
+"speech, we wouldn't want to do that anyway. We ask people to call the "
+"system “GNU/Linux” because that is the right thing to do."
+msgstr ""
+"Ùا ÙÙجد أ٠أساس ÙاÙÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙاضاتÙÙ
Ø ÙÙØ£ÙÙا
ÙؤÙ
٠بØرÙØ© اÙتعبÙØ±Ø ÙÙÙ ÙÙاض٠أØدÙا عÙÙ ÙÙ "
+"ØاÙ. ÙØÙ ÙØ·Ùب Ù
٠اÙجÙ
Ùع تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙØ£Ù Ùذا Ù٠اÙتصر٠"
+"اÙصØÙØ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Shouldn't you put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the "
+"system “GNU”?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£Ùا ÙÙترض أ٠تضعÙا Ù
تطÙبÙا Ù٠رخصة غÙ٠اÙعÙ
ÙÙ
ÙØ© ÙÙ
طاÙبة اÙÙاس بتسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
"
+"”غÙÙ“Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"The purpose of the GNU GPL is to protect the users' freedom from those who "
+"would make proprietary versions of free software. While it is true that "
+"those who call the system “Linux” often do things that limit the "
+"users' freedom, such as bundling non-free software with the GNU/Linux system "
+"or even developing non-free software for such use, the mere act of calling "
+"the system “Linux” does not, in itself, deny users their "
+"freedom. It seems improper to make the GPL restrict what name people can "
+"use for the system."
+msgstr ""
+"غرض غÙ٠ج٠ب٠إ٠ØÙ
اÙØ© ØرÙØ© اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ Ù
Ù
اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙرغبÙÙ Ù٠إÙشاء Ùسخ Ù
ØتÙرة Ù
Ù "
+"اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة. ÙعÙ٠اÙرغÙ
Ù
٠أ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙÙÙ
ÙÙ "
+"بأÙ
Ùر تØد Ù
Ù ØرÙØ© اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ (Ù
ث٠تضÙ
Ù٠برÙ
جÙات غÙر Øرة ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس Ø£Ù Øت٠"
+"تطÙÙر برÙ
جÙات غÙر Øرة ÙÙÙظاÙ
)Ø Ø¥Ùا Ø£Ù Ù
جرد
تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ùا ÙØد "
+"(بذاتÙ) ØرÙØ© اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ. Ù
٠غÙر اÙÙ
ÙائÙ
جعÙ
ج٠ب٠إ٠تÙÙد اÙاسÙ
اÙØ°Ù ÙستطÙع اÙÙاس "
+"اختÙار٠ÙÙÙظاÙ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Since you objected to the original BSD license's advertising requirement to "
+"give credit to the University of California, isn't it hypocritical to demand "
+"credit for the GNU project?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙÙ
ÙارÙØ© أ٠تطÙبÙا Ùسب اÙعÙ
٠إÙÙ Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ ÙÙد عارضتÙ
شرط اÙدعاÙØ© ÙجاÙ
عة "
+"ÙاÙÙÙÙرÙÙا Ù٠رخصة BSD اÙأصÙÙØ©Ø"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"It would be hypocritical to make the name GNU/Linux a license requirement, "
+"and we don't. We only <em>ask</em> you to give us the credit we deserve."
+msgstr ""
+"جع٠اÙاسÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس Ù
تطÙب Ù٠اÙرخص ÙÙاÙ
ÙÙØÙ Ùا ÙÙÙÙ
بÙ. ÙØÙ <em>ÙØ·Ùب</em> Ù
ÙÙ ÙØسب "
+"Ùسب اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙÙا ÙØ£ÙÙا ÙستØÙ Ø°ÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
+"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"complaining now?"
+msgstr ""
+"Ø£ÙتÙ
تستØÙÙÙ Ù
ا Øص٠ÙØ£ÙÙÙ
تÙاعستÙ
ع٠Ùضع Ù
تطÙب Ù٠غÙ٠ج٠ب٠إ٠ÙØ·Ùب اÙÙاس تسÙ
ÙØ© "
+"اÙÙظاÙ
“غÙÙ”Ø ÙÙ
اذا تتØسرÙ٠اÙØ¢ÙØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"The question presupposes a rather controversial general ethical premise: "
+"that if people do not force you to treat them fairly, you are entitled to "
+"take advantage of them as much as you like. In other words, it assumes that "
+"might makes right."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙترض اÙسؤا٠ÙرضÙØ© Ù
Ø«Ùرة ÙÙجدÙ: أ٠اÙÙاس
Ø¥Ù ÙÙ
ÙجبرÙ٠عÙ٠اÙعد٠ÙÙ Ù
عاÙ
ÙتÙÙ
ÙØ¥Ù٠سÙÙ "
+"تستغÙÙÙ
ÙÙ
ا تشاء. Ø¥ÙÙا تÙترض صØØ© Ø°ÙÙ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid "We hope you disagree with that premise just as we do."
+msgstr "ÙØ£Ù
٠أÙ٠تختÙÙ Ù
ع Ùذ٠اÙÙرضÙØ© ÙÙ
ا
ÙختÙÙ ÙØÙ Ù
عÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Wouldn't you be better off not contradicting what so many people
believe?"
+msgstr "Ø£ÙÙس Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠ÙÙÙ
Ø£Ùا تعارضÙا Ù
ا
ÙعتÙد٠ÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙاسØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"We don't think we should go along with large numbers of people because they "
+"have been misled. We hope you too will decide that truth is important."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙØÙ Ùا ÙعتÙد أ٠عÙÙÙا Ø£Ù ÙساÙر اÙÙاس
اÙØ£Ùثر ÙØ£ÙÙا ÙعتÙد Ø£ÙÙÙ
Ùد خدعÙا. ÙØ£Ù
Ù Ù
ÙÙ "
+"Ø£ÙضÙا أ٠تعتبر اÙØÙÙÙØ© غاÙÙØ© ÙÙ
ÙÙ
Ø©."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid ""
+"We could never have developed a free operating system without first denying "
+"the belief, held by most people, that proprietary software was legitimate "
+"and acceptable."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
ÙÙ٠بÙ
ÙدرÙÙا أبدÙا Ø£Ù ÙØ·Ùر ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ
Øر Ùب٠أ٠ÙÙÙر اÙاعتÙاد اÙØ°Ù ÙتبÙا٠Ù
عظÙ
"
+"اÙÙاس أ٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙاØتÙارÙØ© Ù
شرÙعة ÙÙ
ÙبÙÙØ©."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it
right?"
+msgstr "بÙ
ا Ø£Ù ÙØ«ÙرÙا Ù
٠اÙÙاس ÙسÙ
ÙÙÙ
“ÙÙÙÙس”Ø Ø£Ùا ÙجعÙÙ Ùذا صØÙØÙاØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid "We don't think that the popularity of an error makes it the truth."
+msgstr "ÙØÙ Ùا ÙعتÙد أ٠اÙØ´Ùرة تجع٠Ù
٠اÙخطأ
صÙابÙا."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
+msgid ""
+"Many people care about what's convenient or who's winning, not about "
+"arguments of right or wrong. Couldn't you get more of their support by a "
+"different road?"
+msgstr ""
+"اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙاس ÙسعÙÙ ÙØ٠اÙأسÙ٠أ٠ÙØÙ
اÙÙائز بدÙ٠أ٠ÙÙÙرÙا بÙ
ا Ù٠صØÙØ Ø£Ù Ø®Ø§Ø·Ø¦. "
+"Ø£ÙÙ
ÙÙ٠بإÙ
ÙاÙÙا Ø£Ù ÙستÙÙد Ù
ÙÙÙ
Ù٠سÙÙÙا
طرÙÙÙا آخرÙاØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
+msgid ""
+"To care only about what's convenient or who's winning is an amoral approach "
+"to life. Non-free software is an example of that amoral approach and "
+"thrives on it. So in the long run it is self-defeating for us to bow to "
+"that approach. We will continue talking in terms of right and wrong."
+msgstr ""
+"أ٠تÙتÙ
باÙأسÙ٠أ٠بÙ
Ù ÙÙÙز ÙÙ Ù
ÙÙج ÙÙر٠ÙÙ
اÙØÙاة. اÙبرÙ
جÙات غÙر اÙØرة Ù
ثا٠عÙÙ Ù
ا "
+"ÙؤدÙÙ Ø°Ù٠اÙÙ
ÙÙج ÙÙÙ ÙاجØØ© ÙÙ Ø«ÙاÙاÙØ ÙÙذا
ÙØ¥ÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙ
دÙ
ر ÙÙا عÙ٠اÙÙ
د٠اÙبعÙد Ø£Ù "
+"ÙسÙÙ Ø°Ù٠اÙÙ
ÙÙج. سÙÙ ÙÙاص٠اÙØدÙØ« عÙ
ا ÙÙ
صØÙØ Ùخاطئ."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+msgid "We hope that you are one of those for whom right and wrong do matter."
+msgstr "ÙØ£Ù
٠أÙÙ Ù
٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙتÙ
Ù٠بÙ
ا Ù٠صØÙØ
Ùخاطئ."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+# type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a
"
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. <br /> Please send "
+"broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
Ù ÙضÙ٠أرس٠ÙØ¥Ù‌إس‌Ø¥Ù ÙÙاستÙسارات
غÙÙ Ù<a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><"
+"em>address@hidden</em></a>. ÙÙجد Ø£Ùضا <a href=\"/contact/\">طرÙ
أخر٠ÙÙاتصاÙ</a> "
+"باÙØ¥Ù‌إس‌Ø¥Ù. <br /> Ù
Ù ÙضÙ٠أرسÙ
اÙÙصÙات اÙÙ
ÙÙطعة Ùأ٠تصØÙØات Ø£Ù "
+"اÙتراØات Ø¥ÙÙ <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em><"
+"/a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"Ù
Ù ÙضÙ٠راجع <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.ar.html\">تعÙÙÙ
ات "
+"اÙترجÙ
Ø©</a> ÙÙ
عÙÙÙ
ات ØÙ٠تÙسÙÙ ÙتسÙÙÙ
ترجÙ
ات Ùذ٠اÙÙ
ÙاÙØ©."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright © 2001, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
+msgstr "ØÙÙ٠اÙÙشر © 2001Ø 2006Ø 2007Ø 2008Ø Ù
ؤسسة
اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة اÙÙ
ØدÙدةØ"
+
+# type: Content of: <div><address>
+msgid "51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA"
+msgstr "51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA"
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any "
+"medium without royalty provided this notice is preserved."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙسÙ
Ø Ø¨Ùسخ ÙتÙزÙع Ùذ٠اÙÙ
ÙاÙØ© ÙاÙ
ÙØ©Ù
ØرÙÙÙا Ù٠أ٠ÙسÙØ· ÙبدÙÙ ÙÙØ§Ø¦Ø¯Ø Ø¨Ø´Ø±Ø· إبÙاء
Ùذا "
+"اÙإخطار."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"ترجÙ
Ùا <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><em>أساÙ
Ø©
خاÙد</em></a><br />.ÙرÙÙ "
+"اÙترجÙ
Ø© اÙعربÙØ© بإشرا٠<a
href=\"http://www.cruised.net/\";><em>ØساÙ
ØسÙÙ</em></a>."
+
+#. timestamp start
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "ØÙدÙثت:"
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr "ترجÙ
ات Ùذ٠اÙصÙØØ©"
+
+
- www/gnu/po gnu-linux-faq.ar.po,
Hossam Hossny <=