emacs-29 dde9d149af3: ; Improve documentation of loading *.eln files

[Eli Zaretskii]

branch: emacs-29
commit dde9d149af3281f7ed3d3b9d8a4fd7caa238d0f9
Author: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
Commit: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>

    ; Improve documentation of loading *.eln files
    
    * doc/lispref/loading.texi (How Programs Do Loading):
    * doc/emacs/building.texi (Lisp Libraries): Some additional
    details about what happens with natively-compiled files.
---
 doc/emacs/building.texi  | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
 doc/lispref/loading.texi | 25 ++++++++++++++-----------
 2 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/emacs/building.texi b/doc/emacs/building.texi
index 3f6a418de1a..f82b605598e 100644
--- a/doc/emacs/building.texi
+++ b/doc/emacs/building.texi
@@ -1556,18 +1556,26 @@ command prompts for a @dfn{library name} rather than a 
file name; it
 searches through each directory in the Emacs Lisp load path, trying to
 find a file matching that library name.  If the library name is
 @samp{@var{foo}}, it tries looking for files named
-@file{@var{foo}.elc}, @file{@var{foo}.el}, and @file{@var{foo}}.  The
-default behavior is to load the first file found.  This command
-prefers @file{.elc} files over @file{.el} files because compiled files
-load and run faster.  If it finds that @file{@var{lib}.el} is newer
-than @file{@var{lib}.elc}, it issues a warning, in case someone made
-changes to the @file{.el} file and forgot to recompile it, but loads
-the @file{.elc} file anyway.  (Due to this behavior, you can save
-unfinished edits to Emacs Lisp source files, and not recompile until
-your changes are ready for use.)  If you set the option
-@code{load-prefer-newer} to a non-@code{nil} value, however, then
-rather than the procedure described above, Emacs loads whichever
-version of the file is newest.
+@file{@var{foo}.elc}, @file{@var{foo}.el}, and @file{@var{foo}}.  (If
+Emacs was built with native compilation enabled, @code{load-library}
+looks for a @samp{.eln} file that corresponds to @file{@var{foo}.el}
+and loads it instead of @file{@var{foo}.elc}.)  The default behavior
+is to load the first file found.  This command prefers @file{.eln}
+files over @file{.elc} files, and prefers @file{.elc} files over
+@file{.el} files, because compiled files load and run faster.  If it
+finds that @file{@var{lib}.el} is newer than @file{@var{lib}.elc}, it
+issues a warning, in case someone made changes to the @file{.el} file
+and forgot to recompile it, but loads the @file{.elc} file anyway.
+(Due to this behavior, you can save unfinished edits to Emacs Lisp
+source files, and not recompile until your changes are ready for use.)
+If you set the option @code{load-prefer-newer} to a non-@code{nil}
+value, however, then rather than the procedure described above, Emacs
+loads whichever version of the file is newest.  If Emacs was built
+with native compilation, and it cannot find the @samp{.eln} file
+corresponding to @file{@var{lib}.el}, it will load a
+@file{@var{lib}.elc} and start native compilation of
+@file{@var{lib}.el} in the background, then load the @samp{.eln} file
+when it finishes compilation.
 
   Emacs Lisp programs usually load Emacs Lisp files using the
 @code{load} function.  This is similar to @code{load-library}, but is
@@ -1604,6 +1612,11 @@ It is customary to put locally installed libraries in the
 @code{load-path}, or in some subdirectory of @file{site-lisp}.  This
 way, you don't need to modify the default value of @code{load-path}.
 
+@vindex native-comp-eln-load-path
+  Similarly to @code{load-path}, the list of directories where Emacs
+looks for @file{*.eln} files with natively-compiled Lisp code is
+specified by the variable @code{native-comp-eln-load-path}.
+
 @cindex autoload
   Some commands are @dfn{autoloaded}; when you run them, Emacs
 automatically loads the associated library first.  For instance, the
diff --git a/doc/lispref/loading.texi b/doc/lispref/loading.texi
index dbbdc767738..5c84ba4b1eb 100644
--- a/doc/lispref/loading.texi
+++ b/doc/lispref/loading.texi
@@ -75,17 +75,20 @@ file exists, and Emacs was compiled with native-compilation 
support
 (@pxref{Native Compilation}), @code{load} attempts to find a
 corresponding @samp{.eln} file, and if found, loads it instead of
 @file{@var{filename}.elc}.  Otherwise, it loads
-@file{@var{filename}.elc}.  If there is no file by that name, then
-@code{load} looks for a file named @file{@var{filename}.el}.  If that
-file exists, it is loaded.  If Emacs was compiled with support for
-dynamic modules (@pxref{Dynamic Modules}), @code{load} next looks for
-a file named @file{@var{filename}.@var{ext}}, where @var{ext} is a
-system-dependent file-name extension of shared libraries.  Finally, if
-neither of those names is found, @code{load} looks for a file named
-@var{filename} with nothing appended, and loads it if it exists.  (The
-@code{load} function is not clever about looking at @var{filename}.
-In the perverse case of a file named @file{foo.el.el}, evaluation of
-@code{(load "foo.el")} will indeed find it.)
+@file{@var{filename}.elc} (and starts a background native compilation
+to produce the missing @samp{.eln} file, followed by loading that
+file).  If there is no @file{@var{filename}.elc}, then @code{load}
+looks for a file named @file{@var{filename}.el}.  If that file exists,
+it is loaded.  If Emacs was compiled with support for dynamic modules
+(@pxref{Dynamic Modules}), @code{load} next looks for a file named
+@file{@var{filename}.@var{ext}}, where @var{ext} is a system-dependent
+file-name extension of shared libraries (@samp{.so} on GNU and Unix
+systems).  Finally, if neither of those names is found, @code{load}
+looks for a file named @var{filename} with nothing appended, and loads
+it if it exists.  (The @code{load} function is not clever about
+looking at @var{filename}.  In the perverse case of a file named
+@file{foo.el.el}, evaluation of @code{(load "foo.el")} will indeed
+find it.)
 
 If Auto Compression mode is enabled, as it is by default, then if
 @code{load} can not find a file, it searches for a compressed version