bug#55177: 28.1; run-mode-hooks recursion in 28.1, not in 27.2

[Kevin Layer]

This is the distillation of a bug that happens in ELI, an emacs-lisp
interface from Franz Inc.  It's been around for 30+ years.  With 28.1,
visiting files like this (test1.cl in my test case) cause recursion in
run-mode-hooks:

;; -*- mode: common-lisp; package: excl -*-

(in-package :excl)

;; test 1

Start emacs with

    emacs -Q -l bug.el test1.cl

where bug.el is:

(defun fi:common-lisp-mode ()
  (interactive)
  (kill-all-local-variables)
  (setq major-mode 'fi:common-lisp-mode)
  (setq mode-name "Common Lisp")
  (run-mode-hooks))

(defun common-lisp-mode ()
  (interactive)
  (fi:common-lisp-mode))


In GNU Emacs 28.1 (build 1, x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu, GTK+ Version 3.22.30, 
cairo version 1.15.12)
 of 2022-04-06 built on ea417ed276e7
Windowing system distributor 'The X.Org Foundation', version 11.0.11906000
System Description: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)

Configured using:
 'configure --build=x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu
 --host=x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu --program-prefix=
 --disable-dependency-tracking --prefix=/usr --exec-prefix=/usr
 --bindir=/usr/bin --sbindir=/usr/sbin --sysconfdir=/etc
 --datadir=/usr/share --includedir=/usr/include --libdir=/usr/lib64
 --libexecdir=/usr/libexec --localstatedir=/var
 --sharedstatedir=/var/lib --mandir=/usr/share/man
 --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-dbus --with-gif=ifavailable
 --with-jpeg --with-png --with-rsvg --with-tiff --with-xft --with-xpm
 --with-x-toolkit=gtk3 --with-gpm=no --disable-autodepend
 'CFLAGS=-DMAIL_USE_LOCKF -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4
 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic' 'LDFLAGS=-Wl,-z,relro ''

Configured features:
CAIRO DBUS FREETYPE GIF GLIB GMP GNUTLS GSETTINGS HARFBUZZ JPEG LIBOTF
LIBSELINUX LIBXML2 M17N_FLT MODULES NOTIFY INOTIFY PDUMPER PNG RSVG
SECCOMP SOUND THREADS TIFF TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS X11 XDBE XIM XPM GTK3
ZLIB

Important settings:
  value of $LC_COLLATE: POSIX
  locale-coding-system: nil

Major mode: Lisp Interaction

Minor modes in effect:
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  eldoc-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  tool-bar-mode: t
  menu-bar-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  font-lock-mode: t
  blink-cursor-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  indent-tabs-mode: t
  transient-mark-mode: t

Load-path shadows:
None found.

Features:
(shadow sort mail-extr emacsbug message rmc puny dired dired-loaddefs
rfc822 mml mml-sec epa derived epg rfc6068 epg-config gnus-util rmail
rmail-loaddefs auth-source cl-seq eieio eieio-core cl-macs
eieio-loaddefs password-cache json map text-property-search time-date
subr-x mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mail-parse rfc2231 mailabbrev
gmm-utils mailheader cl-loaddefs cl-lib sendmail rfc2047 rfc2045
ietf-drums mm-util mail-prsvr mail-utils seq byte-opt gv bytecomp
byte-compile cconv iso-transl tooltip eldoc paren electric uniquify
ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type elisp-mode mwheel term/x-win x-win
term/common-win x-dnd tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
tabulated-list replace newcomment text-mode lisp-mode prog-mode register
page tab-bar menu-bar rfn-eshadow isearch easymenu timer select
scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax font-core term/tty-colors
frame minibuffer cl-generic cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang
vietnamese tibetan thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932
hebrew greek romanian slovak czech european ethiopic indian cyrillic
chinese composite emoji-zwj charscript charprop case-table epa-hook
jka-cmpr-hook help simple abbrev obarray cl-preloaded nadvice button
loaddefs faces cus-face macroexp files window text-properties overlay
sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule custom widget
hashtable-print-readable backquote threads dbusbind inotify
dynamic-setting system-font-setting font-render-setting cairo
move-toolbar gtk x-toolkit x multi-tty make-network-process emacs)

Memory information:
((conses 16 51948 8019)
 (symbols 48 6613 1)
 (strings 32 18718 2300)
 (string-bytes 1 615649)
 (vectors 16 12849)
 (vector-slots 8 178733 9276)
 (floats 8 22 99)
 (intervals 56 235 0)
 (buffers 992 12)
 (heap 1024 13107 1018))