[Qemu-devel] [PATCH v16 00/10] Add ARMv8 RAS virtualization support in QEMU

[Dongjiu Geng]

In the ARMv8 platform, the CPU error type are synchronous external
abort(SEA) and SError Interrupt (SEI). If exception happens to guest,
sometimes guest itself do the recovery is better, because host 
does not know guest's detailed information. For example, if a guest
user-space application happen exception, host does not which application
encounter errors.

For the ARMv8 SEA/SEI, KVM or host kernel delivers SIGBUS to notify user
space. After user space gets  the notification, it will record the CPER
to guest GHES buffer for guest and inject a exception or IRQ to guest.

In the current implement, if the SIGBUS is BUS_MCEERR_AR, we will
treat it as synchronous exception, and use ARMv8 SEA notification type
to notify guest after recording CPER for guest;

This series patches are based on Qemu 4.0, which have two parts:
1. Generate APEI/GHES table.
2. Handle the SIGBUS signal, record the CPER in runtime and fill into guest 
memory,
   then according to SIGBUS type to notify guest.

Whole solution was suggested by James(address@hidden); APEI part solution is 
suggested by
Laszlo(address@hidden). Shown some discussion in [1].


This series patches have already tested on ARM64 platform with RAS feature 
enabled:
Show the APEI part verification result in [2]
Show the BUS_MCEERR_AR SIGBUS handling verification result in [3]

---
Change since v15:
1. Add a doc-comment in the proper format for 'include/exec/ram_addr.h'
2. Remove write_part_cpustate_to_list() because there is another bug fix patch
   has been merged "arm: Allow system registers for KVM guests to be changed by 
QEMU code"
3. Add some comments for kvm_inject_arm_sea() in 'target/arm/kvm64.c'
4. Compare the arm_current_el() return value to 0,1,2,3, not to PSTATE_MODE_* 
constants.
5. Change the RAS support wasn't introduced before 4.1 QEMU version.
6. Move the no_ras flag  patch to begin in this series

Change since v14:
1. Remove the BUS_MCEERR_AO handling logic because this asynchronous signal was 
masked by main thread 
2. Address some Igor Mammedov's comments(ACPI part)
   1) change the comments for the enum AcpiHestNotifyType definition and remove 
ditto in patch 1
   2) change some patch commit messages and separate "APEI GHES table 
generation" patch to more patches.
3. Address some peter's comments(arm64 Synchronous External Abort injection)
   1) change some code notes
   2) using arm_current_el() for current EL
   2) use the helper functions for those (syn_data_abort_*).

Change since v13:
1. Move the patches that set guest ESR and inject virtual SError out of this 
series
2. Clean and optimize the APEI part patches 
3. Update the commit messages and add some comments for the code

Change since v12:
1. Address Paolo's comments to move HWPoisonPage definition to 
accel/kvm/kvm-all.c
2. Only call kvm_cpu_synchronize_state() when get the BUS_MCEERR_AR signal
3. Only add and enable GPIO-Signal and ARMv8 SEA two hardware error sources
4. Address Michael's comments to not sync SPDX from Linux kernel header file 

Change since v11:
Address James's comments(address@hidden)
1. Check whether KVM has the capability to to set ESR instead of detecting host 
CPU RAS capability
2. For SIGBUS_MCEERR_AR SIGBUS, use Synchronous-External-Abort(SEA) 
notification type
   for SIGBUS_MCEERR_AO SIGBUS, use GPIO-Signal notification


Address Shannon's comments(for ACPI part):
1. Unify hest_ghes.c and hest_ghes.h license declaration
2. Remove unnecessary including "qmp-commands.h" in hest_ghes.c
3. Unconditionally add guest APEI table based on James's 
comments(address@hidden) 
4. Add a option to virt machine for migration compatibility. On new virt 
machine it's on
   by default while off for old ones, we enabled it since 2.12
5. Refer to the ACPI spec version which introduces Hardware Error Notification 
first time
6. Add ACPI_HEST_NOTIFY_RESERVED notification type

Address Igor's comments(for ACPI part):
1. Add doc patch first which will describe how it's supposed to work between 
QEMU/firmware/guest
   OS with expected flows.
2. Move APEI diagrams into doc/spec patch
3. Remove redundant g_malloc in ghes_record_cper()
4. Use build_append_int_noprefix() API to compose whole error status block and 
whole APEI table, 
   and try to get rid of most structures in patch 1, as they will be left 
unused after that
5. Reuse something like 
https://github.com/imammedo/qemu/commit/3d2fd6d13a3ea298d2ee814835495ce6241d085c
   to build GAS
6. Remove much offsetof() in the function
7. Build independent tables first and only then build dependent tables passing 
to it pointers
   to previously build table if necessary.
8. Redefine macro GHES_ACPI_HEST_NOTIFY_RESERVED to 
ACPI_HEST_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT to avoid confusion


Address Peter Maydell's comments
1. linux-headers is done as a patch of their own created using 
scripts/update-linux-headers.sh run against a
   mainline kernel tree 
2. Tested whether this patchset builds OK on aarch32  
3. Abstract Hwpoison page adding code  out properly into a cpu-independent 
source file from target/i386/kvm.c,
   such as kvm-all.c
4. Add doc-comment formatted documentation comment for new globally-visible 
function prototype in a header

---
[1]:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/2/27/246
https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9633105/
https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9925227/

[2]:
Note: the UEFI(QEMU_EFI.fd) is needed if guest want to use ACPI table.

After guest boot up, dump the APEI table, then can see the initialized table
(1) # iasl -p ./HEST -d /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/HEST
(2) # cat HEST.dsl
    /*
     * Intel ACPI Component Architecture
     * AML/ASL+ Disassembler version 20170728 (64-bit version)
     * Copyright (c) 2000 - 2017 Intel Corporation
     *
     * Disassembly of /sys/firmware/acpi/tables/HEST, Mon Sep  5 07:59:17 2016
     *
     * ACPI Data Table [HEST]
     *
     * Format: [HexOffset DecimalOffset ByteLength]  FieldName : FieldValue
     */

    
..................................................................................
    [308h 0776   2]                Subtable Type : 000A [Generic Hardware Error 
Source V2]
    [30Ah 0778   2]                    Source Id : 0001
    [30Ch 0780   2]            Related Source Id : FFFF
    [30Eh 0782   1]                     Reserved : 00
    [30Fh 0783   1]                      Enabled : 01
    [310h 0784   4]       Records To Preallocate : 00000001
    [314h 0788   4]      Max Sections Per Record : 00000001
    [318h 0792   4]          Max Raw Data Length : 00001000

    [31Ch 0796  12]         Error Status Address : [Generic Address Structure]
    [31Ch 0796   1]                     Space ID : 00 [SystemMemory]
    [31Dh 0797   1]                    Bit Width : 40
    [31Eh 0798   1]                   Bit Offset : 00
    [31Fh 0799   1]         Encoded Access Width : 04 [QWord Access:64]
    [320h 0800   8]                      Address : 00000000785D0040

    [328h 0808  28]                       Notify : [Hardware Error Notification 
Structure]
    [328h 0808   1]                  Notify Type : 08 [SEA]
    [329h 0809   1]                Notify Length : 1C
    [32Ah 0810   2]   Configuration Write Enable : 0000
    [32Ch 0812   4]                 PollInterval : 00000000
    [330h 0816   4]                       Vector : 00000000
    [334h 0820   4]      Polling Threshold Value : 00000000
    [338h 0824   4]     Polling Threshold Window : 00000000
    [33Ch 0828   4]        Error Threshold Value : 00000000
    [340h 0832   4]       Error Threshold Window : 00000000

    [344h 0836   4]    Error Status Block Length : 00001000
    [348h 0840  12]            Read Ack Register : [Generic Address Structure]
    [348h 0840   1]                     Space ID : 00 [SystemMemory]
    [349h 0841   1]                    Bit Width : 40
    [34Ah 0842   1]                   Bit Offset : 00
    [34Bh 0843   1]         Encoded Access Width : 04 [QWord Access:64]
    [34Ch 0844   8]                      Address : 00000000785D0098

    [354h 0852   8]            Read Ack Preserve : 00000000FFFFFFFE
    [35Ch 0860   8]               Read Ack Write : 0000000000000001

    
.....................................................................................

(3) After a synchronous external abort(SEA) happen, Qemu receive a SIGBUS and 
    filled the CPER into guest GHES memory.  For example, according to above 
table,
    the address that contains the physical address of a block of memory that 
holds
    the error status data for this abort is 0x00000000785D0040
(4) the address for SEA notification error source is 0x785d80b0
    (qemu) xp /1 0x00000000785D0040
    00000000785d0040: 0x785d80b0

(5) check the content of generic error status block and generic error data entry
    (qemu) xp /100x 0x785d80b0
    00000000785d80b0: 0x00000001 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000098
    00000000785d80c0: 0x00000000 0xa5bc1114 0x4ede6f64 0x833e63b8
    00000000785d80d0: 0xb1837ced 0x00000000 0x00000300 0x00000050
    00000000785d80e0: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
    00000000785d80f0: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000
    00000000785d8100: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00004002
(6) check the OSPM's ACK value(for example SEA)
    /* Before OSPM acknowledges the error, check the ACK value */
    (qemu) xp /1 0x00000000785D0098
    00000000785d00f0: 0x00000000

    /* After OSPM acknowledges the error, check the ACK value, it change to 1 
from 0 */
    (qemu) xp /1 0x00000000785D0098
    00000000785d00f0: 0x00000001

[3]: KVM deliver "BUS_MCEERR_AR" to Qemu, Qemu record the guest CPER and inject
    synchronous external abort to notify guest, then guest do the recovery.

[ 1552.516170] Synchronous External Abort: synchronous external abort 
(0x92000410) at 0x000000003751c6b4
[ 1553.074073] {1}[Hardware Error]: Hardware error from APEI Generic Hardware 
Error Source: 8
[ 1553.081654] {1}[Hardware Error]: event severity: recoverable
[ 1554.034191] {1}[Hardware Error]:  Error 0, type: recoverable
[ 1554.037934] {1}[Hardware Error]:   section_type: memory error
[ 1554.513261] {1}[Hardware Error]:   physical_address: 0x0000000040fa6000
[ 1554.513944] {1}[Hardware Error]:   error_type: 0, unknown
[ 1555.041451] Memory failure: 0x40fa6: Killing mca-recover:1296 due to 
hardware memory corruption
[ 1555.373116] Memory failure: 0x40fa6: recovery action for dirty LRU page: 
Recovered

Dongjiu Geng (10):
  hw/arm/virt: Add RAS platform version for migration
  ACPI: add some GHES structures and macros definition
  acpi: add build_append_ghes_notify() helper for Hardware Error
    Notification
  acpi: add build_append_ghes_generic_data() helper for Generic Error
    Data Entry
  acpi: add build_append_ghes_generic_status() helper for Generic Error
    Status Block
  docs: APEI GHES generation and CPER record description
  ACPI: Add APEI GHES table generation support
  KVM: Move related hwpoison page functions to accel/kvm/ folder
  target-arm: kvm64: inject synchronous External Abort
  target-arm: kvm64: handle SIGBUS signal from kernel or KVM

 accel/kvm/kvm-all.c             |  33 ++++
 default-configs/arm-softmmu.mak |   1 +
 docs/specs/acpi_hest_ghes.txt   |  97 +++++++++++
 hw/acpi/Kconfig                 |   4 +
 hw/acpi/Makefile.objs           |   1 +
 hw/acpi/acpi_ghes.c             | 348 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 hw/acpi/aml-build.c             |  70 ++++++++
 hw/arm/virt-acpi-build.c        |  12 ++
 hw/arm/virt.c                   |   6 +
 include/exec/ram_addr.h         |  24 +++
 include/hw/acpi/acpi-defs.h     |  52 ++++++
 include/hw/acpi/acpi_ghes.h     |  83 ++++++++++
 include/hw/acpi/aml-build.h     |  21 +++
 include/hw/arm/virt.h           |   1 +
 include/sysemu/kvm.h            |   2 +-
 target/arm/internals.h          |   5 +-
 target/arm/kvm.c                |   3 +
 target/arm/kvm64.c              |  74 +++++++++
 target/arm/op_helper.c          |   2 +-
 target/i386/kvm.c               |  34 +---
 20 files changed, 836 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 docs/specs/acpi_hest_ghes.txt
 create mode 100644 hw/acpi/acpi_ghes.c
 create mode 100644 include/hw/acpi/acpi_ghes.h

-- 
1.8.3.1